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Nathan Goodyear

http://ascopubs.org/doi/full/10.1200/JCO.2010.34.0026?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori%3A... - 0 views

ascopubs.org/...JCO.2010.34.0026

cancer stem cells CTC CTCs cancer

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 11 Dec 18 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 11 Dec 18
     
    CTC via cell search does not detect all CTCs; Not all people with cancer have CTCs; and not all CTCs lead to metastatic disease.
Nathan Goodyear

Tumor regionalization after surgery: Roles of the tumor microenvironment and neutrophil... - 0 views

www.nature.com/...s12276-022-00784-2

TME NETosis metastasis surgery cancer tumor microenvironment

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 20 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • tumor surgery must be carefully considered because the risk of metastasis could be increased by the surgical procedure.
  • NETosis, which is the process of forming neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs)
  • surgery-induced metastasis
  • ...61 more annotations...
  • surgery per se can promote cancer metastasis through a series of local and systemic events
  • surgery results in a serious wound that disrupts the structural barrier preventing the outspreading of cancer cells, change the properties of the cancer cells and stromal cells remaining in the tumor microenvironment, or impairs the host defense systems against cancers
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 23 Apr 23
       
      Key point; add to presentation on surgery and metastasis
  • After the primary tumor is surgically removed, the metastases can start to grow vigorously via neoangiogenesis because the circulating inhibitors disappear
  • infection and inflammation during the postoperative period have been reported to increase the risk of cancer recurrence in patients
  • Surgeons have long suspected that surgery, even if it is a necessary step in cancer treatment, facilitates cancer metastasis
  • Surgery-induced cancer metastasis has been well established in animal models
  • tumor cell dissemination, tumor-favoring immune responses, and neoangiogenesis
  • the surgical resection of primary tumors is beneficial is controversial
  • CTCs abruptly increase just after surgery
  • Even externally palpitating tumors for diagnosis could increase the numbers of CTCs in skin cancer and breast cancer
  • excessive glucocorticoids negatively modulate immune functions
  • immune surveillance against tumors is considered to be impaired by surgical stress
  • In addition to glucocorticoids, during stimulation of the HPA axis, the catecholamine hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine are released from the adrenal medulla
  • NK cell suppression may be attributed to increased levels of catecholamines as well as glucocorticoids
  • In mice bearing a primary tumor, it was observed that the removal of the primary tumor facilitated the growth of highly vascularized metastases
  • primary tumors may secrete angiogenic inhibitors as well as angiogenic activators
  • second phase of tumor recurrence and metastasis, which are newly acquired events, rather than just outcomes of incomplete treatment.
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 23 Apr 23
       
      Another key point
  • double-edged sword
  • HIF-1 in neutrophils plays a critical role in NETosis and bacteria-killing activity
  • neutrophils play various roles in the initiation and progression of cancer
  • NETosis
  • many inflammatory and neoplastic diseases
  • formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which are large extracellular complexes composed of chromatin and cytoplasmic/granular proteins1
  • NETosis has been highlighted as an inflammatory event that promotes cancer metastasis
  • Once activated, neutrophils produce intracellular precursors by using DNA, histones, and granular and cytoplasmic proteins and then spread the mature form of NETs out around themselves
  • A series of these events is called NETosis.
  • neutrophil elastase, myeloperoxidase, cathepsin G, proteinase 3, lactoferrin, gelatinase, lysozyme C, calprotectin, neutrophil defensins, and cathelicidins
  • innate immune response against infection
  • Neutrophils are the most abundant type of granulocytes, comprising 40–70% of all white blood cells
  • two types of NEToses, suicidal (or lytic) NETosis and vital NETosis
  • Suicidal NETosis mainly depends on the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS)
  • Since neutrophils die during this process, it is called suicidal NETosis.
  • vital NETosis
  • vital NETosis occurs independently of ROS production
  • Vital NETosis can be induced by Gram-negative bacteria. LPS
  • NETs are present in a variety of cancers, such as lung cancer, colon cancer, ovarian cancer, and leukemia
  • neutrophils actively undergo NETosis in the tumor microenvironment
  • Hypoxia
  • NETosis plays a pivotal role in noninfectious autoimmune diseases,
  • cytokines
  • tumor-derived proteases
  • tumor exosomes
  • NETosis generally actively progresses in the tumor microenvironment.
  • the proliferative cytokines TGFβ and IL-10 and the angiogenic factor VEGF are representative of neutrophil-derived tissue repair proteins.
  • NETosis is a defense system to protect the body from invading pathogens
  • when neutrophils are excessively stimulated, they produce excess NETs, thereby leading to pathological consequences
  • plasma levels of NETosis markers are elevated after major surgeries
  • local invasion, intravasation into the blood or lymphatic vessels, escape from the immune system, anchoring to capillaries in target organs, extravasation into the organs, transformation from dormant cells to proliferating cells, colonization to micrometastases, and growth to macrometastases
  • NETs promote metastasis at multiple steps
  • NETs loosen the ECM and capillary wall to promote the intravasation of cancer cells
  • NETs and platelets wrap CTCs, which protects them from attack by immune cells and shearing force by blood flow
  • NETs promote the local invasion of cancer cells by degrading the extracellular matrix (ECM)
  • neutrophil elastase, matrix metalloproteinase 9, and cathepsin G
  • NETs also promote the intravasation of cancer cells
  • millions of tumor cells are released into the circulation every day,
  • NETs can wrap up CTCs with platelets
  • β1-integrin plays an important role in the interaction between CTCs and NETs
  • NET-platelet-CTC aggregates.
  • After metastasizing to distant tissues, tumor cells are often found to remain dormant for a period of time and unexpectedly regrow late
  • NETs are believed to participate in the reactivation of dormant cancer cells in metastatic regions
  • NET-associated proteases NE and MMP-9 were found to be responsible for the reactivation of dormant cancer cells
  • Nathan Goodyear on 20 Apr 23
     
    Surgery induced metastasis: it is real and steered by NETosis.
Nathan Goodyear

PD-L1 Expression in Circulating Tumor Cells Increases during Radio(chemo)therapy and In... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC6345864

CTC radiation circulating tumor cells

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 13 Apr 20 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 13 Apr 20
     
    Radiation increases CTC and PD-L1 expression on the CTC.
Nathan Goodyear

Digoxin Induced Dissolution of CTC Clusters | Clinical Research Trial Listing ( Breast ... - 0 views

www.centerwatch.com/...ed-dissolution-of-ctc-clusters

circulating tumor cells CTC digoxin metastasis cancer

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 04 May 23 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 04 May 23
     
    Digoxin disrupts CTC "clusters". Very interesting.
Nathan Goodyear

Curcumin inhibits liver metastasis of gastric cancer through reducing circulating tumor... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC6428112

circulating tumor cells CTC metastasis curcumin

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 14 May 21 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 14 May 21
     
    Curcumin inhibits metastasis via a decrease in CTCs.
Nathan Goodyear

Curcumin inhibits liver metastasis of gastric cancer through reducing circulating tumor... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC6428112

circulating tumor cells CTC metastasis curcumin

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 14 May 21 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 14 May 21
     
    Curcumin inhibits metastasis via a decrease in CTCs.
Nathan Goodyear

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy induces breast cancer metastasis through a TMEM-mediated mecha... - 0 views

stm.sciencemag.org/...eaan0026

chemotherapy TMEM tumor microenvironment of metastasis metastasis cancer

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 11 Jul 17 - No Cached
  • We found about a twofold increase in circulating tumor cells (CTCs) (P < 0.05) after paclitaxel treatment in all experimental models examined
  • We found an increase in both the metastatic incidence (at least one micrometastatic focus of more than five tumor cells) (Fig. 3I) and the number of cancer cell micrometastases in the lungs of paclitaxel-treated mice
  • in early-stage breast cancers, chemotherapy increases vascular permeability at TMEM sites, which is accompanied by increased cancer cell dissemination.
  • ...1 more annotation...
  • significant ~1.3-fold (P = 0.027) increase in the number of CTCs
  • Nathan Goodyear on 11 Jul 17
     
    New study suggests chemotherapy may increase metastasis  via increase in TMEM.  I wonder if this increases recurrence as well.  Could the very corner stone of Cancer therapy actually increase metastatic risk potential?
Nathan Goodyear

Chemotherapy-induced release of circulating-tumor cells into the bloodstream in collect... - 0 views

bmccancer.biomedcentral.com/...s12885-020-07376-1

chemotherapy circulating tumor cells metastasis cancer associated fibroblasts CTC CAF

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 04 Oct 22 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 04 Oct 22
     
    CTCs increase by 60% after first dose of full dose chemotherapy
Nathan Goodyear

Clinical and biological significance of circulating tumor cells in cancer - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC5528976

circulating tumor cells CTC cancer CTCs

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 11 Dec 18 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 11 Dec 18
     
    circulating tumor cells
Nathan Goodyear

Induction of interleukin-1β by mouse mammary tumor irradiation promotes tripl... - 0 views

www.tandfonline.com/...09553002.2017.1270471

metastasis radiation cancer

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 20 Aug 20 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 20 Aug 20
     
    Mouse model study finds that radiation promotes increase IL-1beta, CTC, and lung metastasis.
Nathan Goodyear

Core Needle Biopsy of Breast Cancer Tumors Increases Distant Metastases in a Mouse Mode... - 0 views

www.sciencedirect.com/...S1476558614001390

epithelial to mesenchymal transition metastasis EMT biopsy breast cancer

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 04 May 23 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 04 May 23
     
    CNB creates an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, increases EMT, and facilitates release of CTCs, all of which likely contribute to the observed increase in development of distant metastases.
Nathan Goodyear

Paradoxical effects of chemotherapy on tumor relapse and metastasis promotion - Science... - 0 views

www.sciencedirect.com/...S1044579X19301749

circulating tumor cells cancer metastasis recurrence CTC chemotherapy

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 05 Apr 21 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 05 Apr 21
     
    Not just the what, but the how of chemotherapy causing metastasis and recurrence.
Nathan Goodyear

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 and breast cancer metastasis - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC4288942

cancer CTC metastasis circulating tumor cells HIF-1alpha

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 08 Jul 20 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 08 Jul 20
     
    Great review of HIF-1alpha implications in metastasis and the how.
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