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Nathan Goodyear

Higher plasma docosahexaenoic acid is associated with reduced progression of coronary a... - 0 views

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    women with higher DHA have lower progression of atherosclerosis and  and few new lesions.
Nathan Goodyear

PLOS ONE: Depletion of Brain Docosahexaenoic Acid Impairs Recovery from Traumatic Brain... - 0 views

  • The polyunsaturated fatty acids linoleic (LA, 18:2n-6) and linolenic acid (LNA, 18:3n-3) are essential fatty acids that cannot be synthesized by the body.
  • LNA serves as the precursor for long chain omega-3 fatty acids such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) while LA is converted into long chain omega-6 fatty acids such as arachidonic acid (AA)
  • DHA and AA are abundantly found in the brain, where these are stored mainly in membrane phospholipids
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  • DHA has been shown to increase neurite outgrowth and synaptogenesis, and promotes glutamatergic neurotransmission through increase in glutamate receptor subunit expression
  • DHA has been shown to be converted to anti-inflammatory, proresolving and neuroprotective mediators, such as resolvins [7] and protectins
  • AA is converted by cyclooxygenases into 2-series prostaglandins and 4-series leukotrienes, most of which exert pro-inflammatory effects
  • Supplementation of DHA exerts neuroprotective effects and has been reported to afford protection from diffuse axonal injury [11] and mixed brain injury [12] as well
  • severe depletion of membrane DHA in the brain renders mice significantly more susceptible to TBI and impairs recovery following the injury
  • Omega-3 fatty acids may serve as nutraceutical agents and precondition the brain to make it more resilient to injury
  • it can be suggested that enriching DHA in the brain may be prophylactic and protective against brain injury
  • severe DHA deficiency in the brain impairs functional recovery from TBI in terms of vestibulo-motor and cognitive deficits
  • DHA deficiency further elevates TBI-induced production of SBDPs
  • less neurons were found around the injury site of DHA deficient brain after TBI compared to the omega-3 fatty acid adequate group
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    mouse study finds prolonged recovery in DHA deficient mice compared to controls.
Nathan Goodyear

Docosahexaenoic Acid but Not Eicosapentaenoic Acid Lowers Ambulatory Blood Pressure and... - 0 views

  • The results of this study suggest that DHA is the principal 3 fatty acid in fish and fish oils that is responsible for their BP- and HR-lowering effects in humans.
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    Omega-3, DHA lowers pressure and heart rate
Nathan Goodyear

Higher plasma docosahexaenoic acid is associated with reduced progression of coronary a... - 0 views

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    women with higher DHA had significantly lower progression of atherosclerosis and fewer new lesions of atherosclerosis
Nathan Goodyear

Accumulation of Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid in the Brain Attenuates Acute Immune Respo... - 0 views

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    DHA shown to protect against post stroke inflammation and injury.  This has implications on any head injury.
Nathan Goodyear

Purified eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids have differential effects on serum ... - 0 views

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    EPA and DHA have differing effects in men with Hyperlipidemia.  DHA increased LDL particle size, increased fasting insulin, but did not increase fasting glucose.
Nathan Goodyear

Docosahexaenoic Acid but Not Eicosapentaenoic Acid Lowers Ambulatory Blood Pressure and... - 0 views

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    Only DHA, not EPA, reduced blood pressure and heart rate.
Nathan Goodyear

Alpha lipoic acid is an anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective - 0 views

  • Data from cell culture and animal models suggest that LA could be combined with nutraceuticals such as curcumin, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (from green tea) and docosahexaenoic acid (from fish oil) to synergistically decrease oxidative stress, inflammation
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    Alpha lipoic acid suggested via animal studies to be possible mechanism to prevent Alzhemiers disease.
Nathan Goodyear

Randomized controlled trial of maternal omega-3 long-chain PUFA supplementation during ... - 0 views

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    randomized study finds no difference in attention, memory in children born to mothers supplementing with DHA.  Good randomized design, but several problems.  First, did these women need supplementation.  No testing was done to determine need.  They may have needed more or none at all--the standard throw a dart on the wall and hope it sticks paradigm.  Second, Neurologcial development starts from day one, so do properly determine effect, the authors need to start support at conception or even better- before.  This follows that logic that women desiring conception should start extra folic acid 3 months prior. The literature is moving in the right direction, but they are still limiting themselves.  
Nathan Goodyear

Mechanisms of action of docosahexaenoic acid in the n... [Lipids. 2001] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

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    DHA increases posphatidylserine.
Nathan Goodyear

Results of the MIDAS trial: Effects of docosahexaenoic acid on physiological and safety... - 0 views

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    no abstract available, however this study found DHA slowed age related cognitive decline at 900 mg daily.
Nathan Goodyear

Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) and Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) - Nutrition and Traumatic Br... - 0 views

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    Evidence does support that n-3 reduces inflammation; yet limited evidence exists to provide direct evidence that n-3 protects against TBI.
Nathan Goodyear

Docosahexaenoic Acid Reduces ER Stress and Abnormal Protein Accumulation and Improves N... - 0 views

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    Animal study finds DHA aids recovery from TBI.
Nathan Goodyear

Dietary Strategy to Repair Plasma Membrane After Brain Trauma - 0 views

  • strategies directed to preserve phospholipids in the plasma membrane such as the use of dietary docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6n-3; DHA)5 can have beneficial effects for post-TBI recovery
  • DHA is the most abundant polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) in the brain
  • Curcumin provided in the diet before TBI can reduce oxidative damage and counteract TBI-related cognitive dysfunction.
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  • Our previous study indicated that n-3 fatty acids supplemented in the diet counteracted learning disability after TBI
  • There was a significant group effect on BDNF (F 4,25 = 5.229, P < .01 by ANOVA), and FPI reduced BDNF levels (50% of CTL, P < .01; Figure 1C), which was counteracted by DHA supplementation (90% of CTL, P < .05; Figure 1C). Curcumin also counteracted this reduction of BDNF
  • The combination of curcumin and DHA had a trend of greater effects in BDNF (117% of CTL; Figure 1C) compared with DHA or curcumin alone.
  • curcumin contributed to enhance the action of DHA, protecting against cognitive impairment, and these effects were associated with elevations in the BDNF receptor signaling
  • Our current results show that curcumin contributes to enhance the effects of DHA on TBI by promoting phosphorylation of the BDNF receptor TrkB in the hippocampus.
  • previous evidence indicates that curcumin10 and DHA5 counteract TBI-related learning disability by involving BDNF
  • The effects of the DHA diet and curcumin on cognitive enhancement were consistent with enhanced elevations in BDNF receptor signaling
  • effects of DHA and curcumin up to 2 weeks after TBI because this is the most critical period for the course of injury recovery because the brain is metabolically dysfunctional during this time
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    study that finds curcumin + DHA increased cognitive improvement after TBI within 2 weeks.  Good discussion of the proposed mechanism--increased BDNF.
Nathan Goodyear

Dietary supplementation with eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid inhibits growth ... - 0 views

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    DHA/EPA (omega-3)  inhibit cancer growth; have been shown to improve chemotherapy
Nathan Goodyear

Omega-3 fatty acids as treatments for mental illness: which disorder and which fatty ac... - 0 views

  • The most convincing evidence for beneficial effects of omega-3 PUFA is to be found in mood disorders. A meta-analysis of trials involving patients with major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder provided evidence that omega-3 PUFA supplementation reduces symptoms of depression. Furthermore, meta-regression analysis suggests that supplementation with eicosapentaenoic acid may be more beneficial in mood disorders than with docosahexaenoic acid,
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    Omega-3 beneficial in depression and bi-polar clients
Nathan Goodyear

ScienceDirect - Free Radical Biology and Medicine : Effect of eicosapentaenoic acid and... - 0 views

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    DHA >EPA in reducing oxidative stress in those with high blood pressure and diabetes; though both effective
Nathan Goodyear

Is docosahexaenoic acid, an n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid, required for dev... - 0 views

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    changes in brain concentrations of DHA (omega-3) are positively associated with changes in cognitive or behavioral performance
Nathan Goodyear

Effects of maternal docosahexaenoic acid intake on visual function and neurodevelopment... - 0 views

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    DHA supplementation in mother increased DHA phosopholipid levels in infant; though no change in neurodevelopment was noted
Nathan Goodyear

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition - Effect of maternal n-3 long-chain polyunsatura... - 0 views

  • It is estimated that approximately 30% of children and adolescents in the United States and about 15–30% of those in Europe can be classified as overweight or obese
  • An increasing body of evidence now suggests that the nutritional environment encountered in utero and the early postnatal life may elicit permanent alterations in adipose tissue structure or function and, thereby, programme the individual’s propensity to later obesity
  • The composition of fatty acids in the Western diets has shifted toward an increasing dominance of n-6 relative to n-3 LCPUFAs over the past decades.9,10 This shift is also reflected in the fatty acid composition of breast milk
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  • Evidence from animal studies suggests that the n-6 LCPUFA arachidonic acid promotes adipose tissue deposition, whereas the n-3 LCPUFAs eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid seem to exert an opposite effect
  • Overall, no effect of supplementation was found on BMI in preschool (<5 years) and school-aged (6–12 years) children
  • increased adiposity, once established in childhood, tends to track into adulthood
  • Many studies have shown that even children <2 years with a high BMI are at increased risk of developing obesity later in life
  • The acquisition of fat cells early in life appears to be an irreversible process
  • Evidence from cell culture and animal studies suggests that early exposure to n-3 LCPUFAs has the potential to limit adipose tissue deposition mainly by attenuating the production of the arachidonic acid metabolite prostacyclin, which has been shown to enhance adipogenesis
  • In conclusion, there is currently no evidence to support that maternal n-3 LCPUFA supplementation during pregnancy and/or lactation exerts a favourable programming effect on adiposity status in childhood
  • our systematic review highlights that most of the trials reviewed were prone to methodological limitations
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    Literature review finds limited data (9 studies, only 6 RCTs) of omega-3 during pregnancy.  No data was found that supported reduced obesity in children by mothers taking n-3 during pregnancy.  No harm was found either.  Data was sparse.   Take home: not enough data, no harm to pregnancy, children, thus if indications are present for mother, then recommend n-3.  At this point not studies have pointed to reduced obesity in children.
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