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Nathan Goodyear

Endocrinology of the Aging Male - 0 views

  • All steps beyond the formation of pregnenolone take place in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum
  • Cytochrome P450 enzyme, CYP11A is located on the inner mitochondrial membrane and catalyses the rate limiting step of pregnenolone synthesis
  • Estrogen and related steroids, thyroid hormone and insulin increase SHBG levels.
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  • SHBG decreases in response to androgens, and in the presence of hypothyroidism, and insulin resistance.
  • Plasma SHBG levels tend to increase with increasing age
  • The apparent metabolic clearance rate of testosterone is decreased in elderly as compared to younger men
  • Testosterone circulates predominantly bound to the plasma proteins SHBG and albumin, with high and low affinity respectively
  • Testosterone is secreted in a pulsatile fashion
  • Current clinical guidelines suggest at least two measurements
  • In adult men, there is a well-documented diurnal variation (particularly in younger subjects) in testosterone levels, which are highest in the early morning and progressively decline throughout the day to a nadir in the evening
  • In older men, the diurnal variation is blunted
  • it is standard practice for samples to be obtained between 0800 and 1100 h.
  • Testosterone and DHEA decline, whereas LH, FSH, and SHBG rise
  • DHT remains constant despite the decline of its precursor testosterone
  • Longitudinal studies show an average annual decline of 1–2% total testosterone levels, with decline in free testosterone more rapid because of increases in SHBG with aging
  • Massachusetts Male Aging Study (MMAS) data show DHEA, DHEAS, and Ae declining at 2–3% per year
  • DHT showed no cross-sectional age trend
  • Androstanediol glucuronide (AAG) declined cross-sectionally with age in the MMAS sample, at 0.6% per year
  • The EMAS data show that, consistent with the longitudinal findings of MMAS (Figure 1), the core hormonal pattern with increasing age is suggestive of incipient primary testicular dysfunction with maintained total testosterone and progressively blunted free testosterone associated with higher LH
    • Nathan Goodyear
       
      This author proves the point in the review of these two studies, that TT may remain constant in aging men, however, FT drops.
  • obesity impairs hypothalamic/pituitary function
  • Androgen deprivation in men with prostate cancer has been associated with increased insulin resistance, worse glycemic control, and a significant increase in risk of incident diabetes
  • Low serum testosterone is associated with the development of metabolic syndrome 116, 117 and type 2 diabetes. 118 SHBG has been inversely correlated with type 2 diabetes
  • Improvement in insulin sensitivity with testosterone treatment has been reported in healthy 121 and diabetic 122 adult men
  • In studies conducted in men with central adiposity, testosterone has been shown to inhibit lipoprotein lipase activity in abdominal adipose tissue leading to decreased triglyceride uptake in central fat depots. 123
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    great review of hormone changes associated with aging in men.
Nathan Goodyear

Blood type diets lack supporting evidence: a systematic review - 0 views

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    This study, a review of 16 articles, found little scientific support for the "blood type" diet.  This is why I have not made this recommendation to our clients--no real data to support this diet.   One question, is what was the eligibility criteria for inclusion of the studies.  Only one out of the 16 was selected.  Inclusion/exclusion criteria in these studies can brian bias.
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Windows customers support number 1-800-261-4071 - 0 views

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Nathan Goodyear

AUGS : AUGS and ACOG Committee Opinion: The Use of Vaginal Mesh for Pelvic Organ Prolap... - 0 views

  • 7% to 20%
  • mesh erosion was the most common complication, occurring in 5–19% of vaginal repairs using mesh
  • overall rate of mesh exposure was 18.8%
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    good review of data on complications of vaginal mesh surgery.  The rate of erosion found to be up to 20% in multiple studies.
Nathan Goodyear

Update on the pathogenic potential and treatment options for Blastocystis sp | Gut Path... - 0 views

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    Blastocystis hominis.  A more recent review of the data.
Nathan Goodyear

Testosterone for secondary prevention in men with ischaemic heart disease? - 0 views

  • Androgens and in particular testosterone have an inverse relationship with fibrinogen such that low endogenous testosterone is associated with elevated fibrinogen
  • testosterone administration causes a significant fall in fibrinogen
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    this article looks at the use of normalization of testosterone levels in men with CAD.  This study presents the data that low T is associated with increased CAD, yet says more studies needed.  This study should have used salivary testing and been more definitive in their conclusion
Nathan Goodyear

Obesity and Overweight for Professionals: Data: Childhood - DNPAO - CDC - 0 views

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    childhood obesity rates.
Nathan Goodyear

Obesity and Overweight for Professionals: Data and Statistics: U.S. Obesity Trends | DN... - 0 views

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    US obesity Trends.  Just watch short animated map to see the unprecedented problem facing America.
Nathan Goodyear

Selective Publication of Antidepressant Trials and Its Influence on Apparent Efficacy -... - 0 views

  • According to the published literature, it appeared that 94% of the trials conducted were positive. By contrast, the FDA analysis showed that 51% were positive
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    NEJM reanalyzed the results from 12 antidepressant studies involving over 12,000 patients and found that 40% of studies that found no benefit for antidepressants were omitted.  This seriously altered the statistics and is obvious manipulation of data.  This brings the current recommendations on antidepressants into serious question.
Nathan Goodyear

Obesity and Overweight for Professionals: Data and Statistics: Adult Obesity - DNPAO - CDC - 0 views

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    new obesity rates published by CDC for 2011
Nathan Goodyear

Hormonal Signaling in Prostatic Hyperplasia and Neoplasia - 0 views

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    older study on the underlying biochemistry of BPH and prostate cancer.  Some of this data presented is outdated
Nathan Goodyear

Expression of estrogen receptor β in prostate carcinoma cells inhibits invasi... - 0 views

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    Study finds that ER beta inhibits invasion, proliferation and actually triggers cell death of prostate cancer cells.  This fits with the other data that loss of ER beta promotes carcinogenesis.
Nathan Goodyear

Testosterone deficiency is associated with increased risk of mortality and testosterone... - 0 views

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    Low Testosterone in men with Diabetes predictive of an increase in all-cause mortality.  This fits with other data.  
Nathan Goodyear

JISSN | Full text | International Society of Sports Nutrition position stand: creatine ... - 0 views

  • the energy supplied to rephosphorylate adenosine diphosphate (ADP) to adenosine triphosphate (ATP) during and following intense exercise is largely dependent on the amount of phosphocreatine (PCr) stored in the muscle
  • Creatine is chemically known as a non-protein nitrogen
  • It is synthesized in the liver and pancreas from the amino acids arginine, glycine, and methionine
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  • Approximately 95% of the body's creatine is stored in skeletal muscle
  • About two thirds of the creatine found in skeletal muscle is stored as phosphocreatine (PCr) while the remaining amount of creatine is stored as free creatine
  • The body breaks down about 1 – 2% of the creatine pool per day (about 1–2 grams/day) into creatinine in the skeletal muscle
  • The magnitude of the increase in skeletal muscle creatine content is important because studies have reported performance changes to be correlated to this increase
  • "loading" protocol. This protocol is characterized by ingesting approximately 0.3 grams/kg/day of CM for 5 – 7 days (e.g., ≃5 grams taken four times per day) and 3–5 grams/day thereafter [18,22]. Research has shown a 10–40% increase in muscle creatine and PCr stores using this protocol
  • Additional research has reported that the loading protocol may only need to be 2–3 days in length to be beneficial, particularly if the ingestion coincides with protein and/or carbohydrate
  • A few studies have reported protocols with no loading period to be sufficient for increasing muscle creatine (3 g/d for 28 days)
  • Cycling protocols involve the consumption of "loading" doses for 3–5 days every 3 to 4 weeks
  • Most of these forms of creatine have been reported to be no better than traditional CM in terms of increasing strength or performance
  • Recent studies do suggest, however, that adding β-alanine to CM may produce greater effects than CM alone
  • These investigations indicate that the combination may have greater effects on strength, lean mass, and body fat percentage; in addition to delaying neuromuscular fatigue
  • creatine phosphate has been reported to be as effective as CM at improving LBM and strength
  • Green et al. [24] reported that adding 93 g of carbohydrate to 5 g of CM increased total muscle creatine by 60%
  • Steenge et al. [23] reported that adding 47 g of carbohydrate and 50 g of protein to CM was as effective at promoting muscle retention of creatine as adding 96 g of carbohydrate.
  • It appears that combining CM with carbohydrate or carbohydrate and protein produces optimal results
  • Studies suggest that increasing skeletal muscle creatine uptake may enhance the benefits of training
  • Nearly 70% of these studies have reported a significant improvement in exercise capacity,
  • Long-term CM supplementation appears to enhance the overall quality of training, leading to 5 to 15% greater gains in strength and performance
  • Nearly all studies indicate that "proper" CM supplementation increases body mass by about 1 to 2 kg in the first week of loading
  • short-term adaptations reported from CM supplementation include increased cycling power, total work performed on the bench press and jump squat, as well as improved sport performance in sprinting, swimming, and soccer
  • Long-term adaptations when combining CM supplementation with training include increased muscle creatine and PCr content, lean body mass, strength, sprint performance, power, rate of force development, and muscle diameter
  • subjects taking CM typically gain about twice as much body mass and/or fat free mass (i.e., an extra 2 to 4 pounds of muscle mass during 4 to 12 weeks of training) than subjects taking a placebo
  • The gains in muscle mass appear to be a result of an improved ability to perform high-intensity exercise via increased PCr availability and enhanced ATP synthesis, thereby enabling an athlete to train harder
  • there is no evidence to support the notion that normal creatine intakes (< 25 g/d) in healthy adults cause renal dysfunction
  • no long-term side effects have been observed in athletes (up to 5 years),
  • One cohort of patients taking 1.5 – 3 grams/day of CM has been monitored since 1981 with no significant side effects
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    Nice review of the data, up to the publication date, on creatine.
Nathan Goodyear

Breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women using t... [Maturitas. 2008] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

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    Review of the data of Testosterone therapy in women in surgical menopause finds no negative or positive influence on breast cancer risk.
Nathan Goodyear

Sex hormone binding globulin, but not testosterone, is associated with the metabolic sy... - 0 views

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    This study finds an association between low SHBG and increased metabolic syndrome in obese women with PCOS.  Testosterone was not associated.  Other studies have shown a positive association between Testosterone and MetS in women.  This follows men in that SHBG shows an association with MetS.  Only the abstract is present here, so I can't look at the data presented.
Nathan Goodyear

METHYLISOTHIAZOLINONE || Skin Deep® Cosmetics Database | Environmental Workin... - 0 views

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    good data review on methylisothiazolinone. Also known as MI for short.
Nathan Goodyear

The plausibility of a role for mercury in the etiology of autism: a cellular perspective - 0 views

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    This is a good review of the biochemistry behind Hg effects on biochemistry. This article tries to review the data objectively to help analyze the Hg-autism link. Too much political polarization of this issue has occurred. Politics has no place in this debate--only a debate of the science!
Nathan Goodyear

Asian Journal of Andrology - Efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicine for benign ... - 0 views

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    Study doesn't find alot of "good" evidence to support Chinese herbal medicine in BPH.  However, the author states: "Before the introduction of conventional medication and surgery to China, the Chinese had solely relied on CHM to treat BPH for more than three thousand years".  That is 3,000 years of observational data that is being tossed out the window.
Nathan Goodyear

Stephen A Krahling and Joan A Wlochowski vs Merck & Co - 0 views

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    The filing of claims that Merck falsified data and study design in its MMR approval studies by 2 former Merck scientists.
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