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Metabolic and physiologic improvements from consuming a paleolithic, hunter-gatherer type diet. Frassetto LA, Schloetter M, Mietus-Synder M, Morris RC Jr, Sebastian A. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2009 Feb 11. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 19209185 doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2009.4

Avocados may hold a key to longer, better health

Supplements of antioxidant vitamins after exercise may decrease the benefits of the workout by blocking the positive effects of reactive oxygen, says a new study. Researchers from Germany and the US report in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences that a combination of 1,000 mg per day of vitamin C and 400 IU per day of vitamin E adversely affected insulin sensitivity, and thereby increase the risk of type 2 diabetes. Participants, both trained and untrained, underwent 85 minutes of exercise five days per week for four weeks.

Traditional chinese medicine in treatment of metabolic syndrome. Yin J, Zhang H, Ye J. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2008 Jun;8(2):99-111. Review. PMID: 18537696 Berberine from rhizoma coptidis is an oral hypoglycemic agent. It also has anti-obesity and anti-dyslipidemia activities. The action mechanism is related to inhibition of mitochondrial function, stimulation of glycolysis, activation of AMPK pathway, suppression of adipogenesis and induction of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor expression.

Metabolic and physiologic improvements from consuming a paleolithic, hunter-gatherer type diet. Frassetto LA, Schloetter M, Mietus-Synder M, Morris RC Jr, Sebastian A. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2009 Aug;63(8):947-55. Epub 2009 Feb 11. PMID: 19209185 doi:10.1038/ejcn.2009.4 Conclusions: Even short-term consumption of a paleolithic type diet improves BP and glucose tolerance, decreases insulin secretion, increases insulin sensitivity and improves lipid profiles without weight loss in healthy sedentary humans.

Conjugated linoleic acid improves insulin sensitivity in young, sedentary humans. Eyjolfson V, Spriet LL, Dyck DJ. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2004 May;36(5):814-20. PMID: 15126715 CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that a common dosage of a commercially available CLA supplement can improve ISI in young, sedentary individuals. However, there is considerable individual variability in the response. Additional studies are required to identify underlying metabolic changes in human skeletal muscle.

Dietary cod protein improves insulin sensitivity in insulin-resistant men and women: a randomized controlled trial. Ouellet V, Marois J, Weisnagel SJ, Jacques H. Diabetes Care. 2007 Nov;30(11):2816-21. Epub 2007 Aug 6. PMID: 17682120 CONCLUSIONS - Dietary cod protein improves insulin sensitivity in insulin-resistant individuals and thus could contribute to prevention of type 2 diabetes by reducing the metabolic complications related to insulin resistance.