the review highlights the use of salivary cortisol measurements to provide information about HPA axis dysfunction associated with psycho- and patho-physiological conditions in children. Novel applications for salivary cortisol measurements in future research into HPA axis activity in children are also discussed.

This indicates that cortisol concentrations are stable during extended periods without freezing when exposed to widely varying temperatures and movement.

These data demonstrate the value of morning Sal-T testing as a non-invasive approach to screen androgen status in ESRD patients.

Our data showed that Sal-T is a reliable marker of testosterone bioavailability. The results support the inclusion of this biomarker as a noninvasive approach in the diagnosis of male androgen deficiency.

A cut-off value of Sal-T < or = 0.195 nm showed 100% sensibility and specificity to rule out hypogonadism.

hese studies support the use of salivary testosterone as an acceptable assay for screening for hypogonadism.

Testosterone is secreted into saliva. In saliva, testosterone is not bound to proteins. Thus concentration of testosterone in saliva is quite close to the serum free testosterone level. Currently serum free testosterone is measured by a convenient method in Japan, that reflects only 10% of the correct values. However, the correct measurement of serum free testosterone is quite costly. Collection of saliva is not invasive to subjects, and it can be done without paramedicals. Besides it is relatively cheaper. Acquisition of samples in multiple occasions is possible. These advantages of utilizing saliva will introduce the measurements of salivary testosterone in cohort studies or screening of low testosterone levels in the community.

Salivary assays offer a practical way of measuring testosterone in free-ranging subjects outside the laboratory.

saliva

saliva.

In conclusion we recommend the overnight dexamethasone suppression test with measurement of salivary cortisol as a screening test for Cushing's syndrome.

In conclusion, the satisfactory precision of the analysis and the simple non-invasive sampling procedure suggest that saliva may be used for cortisol measurements in situations where blood sampling is difficult to perform.

the average tear production and tear volume was increased in the omega-3 group

Combining the results of RCTs, TRT was associated with a significant reduction in fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, fat mass and triglycerides

TRT seems to improve glycometabolic control as well as fat mass in T2DM subjects.

n patients with hypothyroidism, partial substitution of triiodothyronine for thyroxine may improve mood and neuropsychological function;