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Nathan Goodyear

Antiinflammatory Effects of Estrogen on Microglial Activation - 0 views

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    Estradiol (E2) shown to be neuroprotective in those with microglial excitotoxicity diseases, such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease.  this study looked at a rat model.  The effect was not through inhibition of NF-kappaB, but through MAP kinase.
Nathan Goodyear

IL-6 promotes nonthyroidal illness syndrome by blocking thyroxine activation while prom... - 0 views

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    IL-6 decreases deiodinase type I and 2; but increases type 3. The result is an increase in rT3 and in cancer-growth.
Nathan Goodyear

Does increased aromatase activity in adipose fibroblasts cause low sexual desire in pat... - 0 views

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    increased testosterone to estrogen conversion, in part, stimulated by inflammatory cytokines: TNF, and IL-6.  They propose aromatase inhibition to decrease testosterone to estrogen conversion.  This study looked at individuals with HIV.
Nathan Goodyear

Nutrients | Free Full-Text | Effect of Probiotics on Metabolic Outcomes in Pregnant Wom... - 0 views

  • The gut microbial composition is altered during pregnancy
  • probiotic supplements may contribute to the maintenance of bacterial diversity and glucose homeostasis in individuals with metabolic disturbances
  • Assessment of four randomized controlled trials in this review involving 288 pregnant women with GDM found that a 6–8 week probiotic intervention did not improve FBG or LDL-cholesterol levels
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • probiotic supplementation in women with GDM was associated with significant reductions in insulin resistance
  • One proposed method is by the production of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), generated as a by-product of bacterial fermentation of dietary fibers. SCFAs act as an energy source for intestinal cells and have been found to regulate the production of hormones effecting energy intake and expenditure such as leptin and grehlin
  • Another hypothesized mechanism of SCFA action includes reducing gastrointestinal permeability by upregulating transcription of tight junction proteins, enhancing production of Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) which promotes crypt cell proliferation, and reducing inflammation in colonic epithelial cells by increasing PPAR-gamma activation
  • Maintenance of the integrity of the gut barrier minimizes the concentration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in circulation
  • LPS is a structural component of gram negative bacterial cell walls, which induces an immune-cell response upon absorption into the human bloodstream, stimulating proinflammatory cytokine production and the onset of insulin resistance and hyperglycemia
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    Review (4 studies) found that 6-8 weeks of probiotic therapy of pregnant women with gestational diabetes improved insulin resistance.
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