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Some startling statistics in this 2013 review on Testosterone in men.  Studies reflect an inverse relationship between Testosterone and CAD severity.  That is, the lower the Testosterone levels, the increase in severity of CAD. This same association was also found with CHF.  Low Testosterone is common in those with CAD, CHF, type II diabetes, increased IMT in carotids and aorta, and obesity when compared to "healthy" individuals.  Testosterone therapy in those with CAD found benefits: prolongation of ST segment depression, coronary vasodilation, improved exercise capacity in those with CHF, shift to type I muscle fibers, shorten the QTc interval.  Testosterone therapy has been shown to improve insulin resistance, improve HgbA1c and decrease waist circumference and fat loss in obese individuals.  Otherwise, a good review of the association between a declining Testosterone and cardiovascular disease.

Study of men < 70 finds that low Total Testosterone and Free Testosterone is associated with increased Carotid Intima-media thickness (CIMT), increased endothelial dysfunction.  Atherosclerotic plaque and hsCRP were also found to correlate but were adjusted out when age, DM, HgbA1c, lipids, and BMI were excluded.

positive correlation between ferritin and HgbA1c and fasting blood glucose.

interesting cohort study: plasma vitamin C levels correlate with metabolic health i.e. insulin, HgbA1c and cognition.

Omega 3 associated with improved insulin sensitivity, reduced HbA1C, reduced fasting glucose.  This study looked at the specific effect of EPA in those with type II diabetes

This article finds that Testosterone transdermal therapy addition to Diet and exercise improved glycemic control and reversed Metabolic Syndrome in men with low T and type II Diabetes.  This article really highlights the proper approach to therapy: combined nutrition, exercise, and Testosterone therapy, when indicated, for men with Metabolic Syndrome and/or Diabetes.  A reduction in IR, adiponectin and hsCRP was observed.

Great review article of the increased risk of worsening insulin resistance, glycated hemoglobin, and diabetes risk.  Atorvastatin appears to be the worst culprit.  Mechanism partially through a decrease in GLUT4.