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Nathan Goodyear

Colonization-Induced Host-Gut Microbial Metabolic Interaction - 0 views

mbio.asm.org/...e00271-10.full

gut flora gut microbiome gut microbiota CYP450 metabolism

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 06 May 15 - No Cached
  • he gut microbiota enhances the host’s metabolic capacity for processing nutrients and drugs and modulate the activities of multiple pathways in a variety of organ systems.
  • Acquisition of the gut microbiota was associated with rapid increase in body weight (4%) over the first 5 days of colonization
  • The colonization process stimulated glycogenesis in the liver prior to triggering increases in hepatic triglyceride synthesis
  • ...11 more annotations...
  • modifications of hepatic Cyp8b1 expression and the subsequent alteration of bile acid metabolites
  • Expression and activity of major drug-metabolizing enzymes (Cyp3a11 and Cyp2c29) were also significantly stimulated
  • The gut microbiota (GM) exhibits a relatively low level of diversity compared to those of most soil ecosystems and in humans it is comprised of usually no more than nine phyla of microorganisms, of which only two are dominant: the Firmicutes and the Bacteroidetes
  • colonization of a germfree gut was rapid and remarkably stable, establishing within only a week after first exposure
  • a study conducted on germfree rats by Nicholls et al. showed that 3 weeks were necessary to obtain a stabilization and “normalization”
  • the microbiota status affects the systemic metabolism of the host, modulating the metabolic fingerprint of topographically remote organs such as the liver and the kidney
  • Gut colonization induces a rapid weight gain associated with stimulation of hepatic glycogenesis and triglyceride synthesis
  • Gut colonization alters bile acid metabolite profiles via modulation of hepatic Cyp8b1 expression
  • Bile acids are well-known contributors to glucose and lipid metabolism in the liver
  • GM is known to alter bile metabolism
  • GM is also known to exert a strong influence on the metabolism of xenobiotics
  • Nathan Goodyear on 06 May 15
     
    The effects of gut microbiome are not confined to the gut.  They alter bile acid metabolism and thus lipid/glucose metabolism.  They alter CYP450 activity.  They effect metabolism.  They effect the metabolism, and thus effects, of other drugs. 
Nathan Goodyear

Associations of the Fecal Microbiome With Urinary Estrogens and Estrogen Metabolites in... - 0 views

press.endocrine.org/...jc.2014-2222

gut flora gut microbiome gut microbiota estrogen metabolites metabolism hormone hormones women gut

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 06 May 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 06 May 15
     
    women with increased gut microbiome diversity found to have increased estrogen metabolites compared to parent estrogen i.e. gut microbiome diversity in women effects estrogen metabolism. 
Nathan Goodyear

Microbial-Host Co-metabolites Are Prodromal Markers Predicting Phenotypic Heterogeneity... - 0 views

www.cell.com/...S2211-1247(17)30853-7

nutrition diet gut gut bacteria gut flora gut microbiome gut microbiota obesity

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 10 Jul 17 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 10 Jul 17
     
    Gut bacteria metabolites predicts risk from poor diet.
Nathan Goodyear

Associations of the Fecal Microbiome With Urinary Estrogens and Estrogen Metabolites in... - 0 views

press.endocrine.org/...jc.2014-2222

estrogen metabolites gut flora gut microbiome gut microbiota hormones cancer breast cancer microbiome estrogen

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 16 Jul 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 16 Jul 15
     
    Post-menopause women with increased gut microbiome diversity found to be associated with increased urinary excretion of estrogen metabolites compared to parent estrogens.  This relationship has been shown to be associated with a reduced breast cancer risk.
Nathan Goodyear

PLOS ONE: The Gut Microbiota and Developmental Programming of the Testis in Mice - 0 views

journals.plos.org/...article

hormone hormones Testosterone gut flora gut microbiome gut microbiota

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 30 Apr 15 - No Cached
  • The intra-testicular level of testosterone in GF mice was found to be significantly lower than in SPF and CBUT mice
  • This study establishes a novel role for the commensal gut microbiota in the regulation of testicular development and function
  • Absence of the normal microbiota influences the formation and the integrity of the BTB as well as the intra-testicular levels of testosterone and serum levels of LH and FSH.
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  • Nutritional, socioeconomic, lifestyle and environmental factors (among others) are involved in the regulation of normal spermatogenesis.
  • he gut microbiota is one such potential source of environmental factors/products that has developed an intimate symbiotic relationship with host's physiology.
  • Manipulation of the gut microbiotia through dietary modification, pre- and probiotics can therefore be beneficial for the host's reproductive health.
  • In the current study, colonizing GF mice with CBUT resulted in an increased sperm production, suggesting that bacterial products, e.g. of fermentation, directly or indirectly, can affect the testis.
  • the absence of gut microbiota influenced testosterone levels
  • A recent study demonstrated that dietary supplementation of the probiotics Lactobacillus reuteri increased and restored testosterone levels in aging mice
  • bacterial metabolites such as butyrate have been shown to increase the levels of LH [43] and FSH
  • This suggests that butyrate most likely regulates testosterone production at the testicular level by stimulation of gene expression in Leydig cells and with little or no effect at the pituitary- hypothalamic levels.
  • Nathan Goodyear on 30 Apr 15
     
    gut micro biome effects spermatogenesis, Testosterone production, and the brain-testicle-barrier.
Nathan Goodyear

The Gut Microbiome, Microsatellite Status and the Response to Immunotherapy in Colorect... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC10054450

gut microbiome rectal cancer colon cancer gut metabolites gut microbiota cancer

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 02 Apr 24 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 02 Apr 24
     
    Highlights how there is any identifiable difference in the gut microbiome between colon and rectum.
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