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Endogenous pro-resolving and anti-inflammatory lipid mediators: a new pharmacologic genus. Serhan CN, Chiang N. Br J Pharmacol. 2008 Mar;153 Suppl 1:S200-15. Epub 2007 Oct 29. Review. PMID: 17965751 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0707489

Controlling the resolution of acute inflammation: a new genus of dual anti-inflammatory and proresolving mediators. Serhan CN. J Periodontol. 2008 Aug;79(8 Suppl):1520-6. Review. PMID: 18673006 doi:10.1902/jop.2008.080231

The contributions of aspirin and microbial oxygenase to the biosynthesis of anti-inflammatory resolvins: novel oxygenase products from omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Arita M, Clish CB, Serhan CN. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2005 Dec 9;338(1):149-57. Epub 2005 Aug 10. Review. PMID: 16112645 doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.07.181    

Aging is characterized by a profound reduction in anti-inflammatory lipoxin A4 levels. Gangemi S, Pescara L, D'Urbano E, Basile G, Nicita-Mauro V, Davì G, Romano M. Exp Gerontol. 2005 Jul;40(7):612-4. PMID: 15935589 doi:10.1016/j.exger.2005.04.004

Lipoxin A4: anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic impact on endothelial cells. Baker N, O'Meara SJ, Scannell M, Maderna P, Godson C. J Immunol. 2009 Mar 15;182(6):3819-26. PMID: 19265161 doi:10.4049/jimmunol.0803175

Anti-inflammatory actions of lipoxin A4 and aspirin-triggered lipoxin are SOCS-2 dependent. Machado FS, Johndrow JE, Esper L, Dias A, Bafica A, Serhan CN, Aliberti J. Nat Med. 2006 Mar;12(3):330-4. Epub 2006 Jan 15. PMID: 16415877 doi:10.1038/nm1355\n

Rapid appearance of resolvin precursors in inflammatory exudates: novel mechanisms in resolution. Kasuga K, Yang R, Porter TF, Agrawal N, Petasis NA, Irimia D, Toner M, Serhan CN. J Immunol. 2008 Dec 15;181(12):8677-87. PMID: 19050288

Endogenous pro-resolving and anti-inflammatory lipid mediators: a new pharmacologic genus. Serhan CN, Chiang N. Br J Pharmacol. 2008 Mar;153 Suppl 1:S200-15. Epub 2007 Oct 29. Review. PMID: 17965751 doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0707489

Antioxidative and anti-inflammatory actions of docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid in renal epithelial cells and macrophages. Kim YJ, Chung HY. J Med Food. 2007 Jun;10(2):225-31. PMID: 17651056 doi:10.1089/jmf.2006.092.

Resolvin E2: identification and anti-inflammatory actions: pivotal role of human 5-lipoxygenase in resolvin E series biosynthesis. Tjonahen E, Oh SF, Siegelman J, Elangovan S, Percarpio KB, Hong S, Arita M, Serhan CN. Chem Biol. 2006 Nov;13(11):1193-202. PMID: 17114001 doi:10.1016/j.chembiol.2006.09.011

Docosahexaenoic acid induces an anti-inflammatory profile in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated human THP-1 macrophages more effectively than eicosapentaenoic acid. Weldon SM, Mullen AC, Loscher CE, Hurley LA, Roche HM. J Nutr Biochem. 2007 Apr;18(4):250-8. Epub 2006 Jun 16. PMID: 16781858 doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2006.04.003

Neuroprotectin D1-mediated anti-inflammatory and survival signaling in stroke, retinal degenerations and Alzheimer's disease. Bazan NG. Lipid Res. 2008 Nov 18. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 19018037

Z. Papoutsi, E. Kassi, I. Chinou, M. Halabalaki, L. A. Skaltsounis and P. Moutsatsou (2008). Walnut extract (Juglans regia L.) and its component ellagic acid exhibit anti-inflammatory activity in human aorta endothelial cells and osteoblastic activity in the cell line KS483. British Journal of Nutrition, 2008 Apr, 99 , pp 715-722 PMID: 17916277 doi:10.1017/S0007114507837421

Immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Calder PC. Braz J Med Biol Res. 1998 Apr;31(4):467-90. Review. PMID: 9698798

Vitamin D and calcium insufficiency-related chronic diseases: molecular and cellular pathophysiology. Peterlik M, Cross HS. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2009 Dec;63(12):1377-86. Epub 2009 Sep 2. PMID: 19724293 doi:10.1038/ejcn.2009.105 A compromised vitamin D status, characterized by low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-(OH)D) serum levels, and a nutritional calcium deficit are widely encountered in European and North American countries, independent of age or gender. Both conditions are linked to the pathogenesis of many degenerative, malignant, inflammatory and metabolic diseases. Studies on tissue-specific expression and activity of vitamin D metabolizing enzymes, 25-(OH)D-1alpha-hydroxylase and 25-(OH)D-24-hydroxylase, and of the extracellular calcium-sensing receptor (CaR) have led to the understanding of how, in non-renal tissues and cellular systems, locally produced 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-(OH)2D3) and extracellular Ca2+ act jointly as key regulators of cellular proliferation, differentiation and function. Impairment of cooperative signalling from the 1,25-(OH)2D3-activated vitamin D receptor (VDR) and from the CaR in vitamin D and calcium insufficiency causes cellular dysfunction in many organs and biological systems, and, therefore, increases the risk of diseases, particularly of osteoporosis, colorectal and breast cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus type I, metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus type II, hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Understanding the underlying molecular and cellular processes provides a rationale for advocating adequate intake of vitamin D and calcium in all populations, thereby preventing many chronic diseases worldwide.

"(NaturalNews) The emu, a native of Australia, is a large, ostrich looking bird that doesn't fly. The Australian Aborigines first discovered the benefits of emu oil and have been using it for thousands of years for bone, muscle and joint pain, as an anti-inflammatory and for many skin conditions. The west is finally taking notice of this remarkable oil. Red Meat with No Worries Although a bird, the emu meat is red and a healthy alternative to traditional red meat. It's naturally 97% fat free, high in iron and vitamin B12 and low in calories and cholesterol. As the meat is packaged and sold, the oil is purified and sold separately. Benefits of Emu Oil Emu oil consists of oleic acid (a mono-unsaturated omega-9 fatty acid), linoleic acid (omega-6 fatty acid) and linolenic acid (an omega-3 fatty acid). The benefits are thought to be due to the ability of the oil to deeply penetrate the skin layers. Linoleic acid (omega-6 fatty acid) is believed to ease muscle aches and joint pain. Oleic acid (omega-9 fatty acid) is considered to have local anti-inflammatory effect (similar to ibuprofen). Studies suggest emu oil is bacteriostatic (does not promote growth of bacteria) and hypoallergenic (won`t cause irritation); it does not leave a greasy feel, and it is non-comedogenic, which means it won`t clog pores. Side effects are virtually unknown with emu oil. Several small clinical studies reported successful results for temporary relief of muscle and joint pain, specially related to arthritis. Emu Oil and Burn Wounds A long-term study by Dr. John Griswold, Director of the Timothy J. Harner Burn Center (affiliated with Texas Tech University Medical Center, Lubbock, Texas) in 1995 found that there was statistically significant difference in scar reduction and inflammation of the emu oil treated wounds. Other benefits found from studies from Department of Dermatology, at Texas Medical School in Houston, proved emu oil does not clog skin pores and has anti-aging properties."

The effect of omega-3 FAs on tumour angiogenesis and their therapeutic potential. Spencer L, Mann C, Metcalfe M, Webb M, Pollard C, Spencer D, Berry D, Steward W, Dennison A. Eur J Cancer. 2009 Aug;45(12):2077-86. Epub 2009 Jun 1. Review. PMID: 19493674 Omega-3 fatty acid (omega-3 FA) consumption has long been associated with a lower incidence of colon, breast and prostate cancers in many human populations. Human trials have demonstrated omega-3 FA to have profound anti-inflammatory effects in those with cancer. In vitro and small animal studies have yielded a strong body of evidence establishing omega-3 FA as having anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-proliferative and anti-angiogenic effects. This review explores the evidence and the mechanisms by which omega-3 FA may act as angiogenesis inhibitors and identifies opportunities for original research trialling omega-3 FAs as anti-cancer agents in humans. The conclusions drawn from this review suggest that omega-3 FAs in particular eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) found principally in oily fish have potent anti-angiogenic effects inhibiting production of many important angiogenic mediators namely; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), Platelet-Derived Growth Factor (PDGF), Platelet-Derived Endothelial Cell Growth Factor (PDECGF), cyclo-oxygenase 2 (COX-2), prostaglandin-E2 (PGE2), nitric oxide, Nuclear Factor Kappa Beta (NFKB), matrix metalloproteinases and beta-catenin

Synergistic anti-inflammatory effects of low doses of curcumin in combination with polyunsaturated fatty acids: docosahexaenoic acid or eicosapentaenoic acid. Saw CL, Huang Y, Kong AN. Biochem Pharmacol. 2010 Feb 1;79(3):421-30. Epub 2009 Sep 8. PMID: 19744468

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Readers and consumers can better evaluate the versatility and multi-fold action of turmeric night cream given as follows: 1. Use It As An Eye Cream Combined with the potent antioxidant vitamin C, turmeric eye cream possesses beneficial properties that can combat dark circles under the eyes effectively. Turmeric's skin lightening and soothing traits can enhance circulation, thereby reducing under-eye puffiness and discoloration caused by inadequate blood flow. Further, its anti-inflammatory features, as well as its ability to lighten skin and increase microcirculation, make turmeric vitamin C eye cream an ideal ingredient in this case. 2. Turmeric Cream for Skin Whitening Turmeric is a sun-drenched tropical spice that has a wide range of skin-friendly benefits. It can help reduce oxidative stress and address skin conditions like dullness and dehydration. Turmeric cream can enhance the skin's radiance thanks to its healing, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties that effectively cleanse and revitalize congested, inflamed, or impaired skin. Adding more turmeric to your skincare routine may enhance the skin's microcirculation, resulting in a firmer and more supple complexion. 3. Use Turmeric Cream For Hyperpigmentation Since turmeric inhibits the production of melanin, the utilization of vitamin C can effectively diminish hyperpigmentation. Hyperpigmentation is a skin problem in which some parts of the skin produce excessive melanin, resulting in blemishes such as sunspots, age spots, and melasma. It can possibly emerge in areas where the acne has been treated and healed previously. Turmeric can prevent the production of melanin responsible for dark spots and hyperpigmentation. Applying a product like a turmeric skin cream consistently can help reduce imperfections and provide a smoother, more even complexion.