Interesante pensar como adecuamos nuestro modelo de PLWE, no solo al profesor (ya lo tenemos), sino al elearner (quizás el PLWE reducido?)
The Networked Student Model and a test case are described in detail along with implications and considerations for additional research
to facilitate further discussion about K-12 student construction of personal learning environments and offer the practitioner a foundation on which to facilitate a networked learning experience.
It seeks to determine how a teacher can scaffold a networked learning approach while providing a foundation on which students take more control of the learning process.
Emerging web applications offer unique opportunities to customise the learning environment for individual learners
In the past, learning environments were immediately associated with a physical location
however, the concept is increasingly expanded to include online learning, virtual schools, and blended opportunities that combine traditional with digital options
Traditional, lecture-based classrooms are designed as passive learning environments in which the teacher conveys knowledge and the student responds (Chen, 2009). Imagine the potential frustration that self-regulated learning holds for students who are quite comfortably accustomed to specific teacher directions with finite expectations.
learner motivation
Personal learning suggests learner autonomy and increased self regulation
self-directed.
they are also required to take an active role in the learning process by making decisions
Teachers, on the other hand, are challenged to provide an appropriate balance between structure and learner autonomy in order to facilitate self-directed, personalised learning
Such a scenario further presents challenges to traditional forms of assessment
The role of a teacher within a student-centered approach to instruction is that of a facilitator or coach
He or she supports the students in their search and supply of relevant material, coordinates the students' presentations of individual milestones of their projects, moderates discussions, consults in all kinds of problem-solving and seeking for solutions, lectures on topics that are selected in plenary discussions with the students and conforms to the curriculum"
The purpose of this test case is to introduce a model for the student construction of personal learning environments that balances teacher control with increased student autonomy
a level of structure is required to scaffold the learning process
Networked learning refers specifically to "learning in which information communication technology is used to promote connections: between one learner and other learners, between learners and tutors, between a learning community and its learning resources"
Networked learning is manifested in personal learning environments (PLEs), or "systems that help learners take control of and manage their own learning"
a model of the networked teacher that represents an educator's professional personal learning environment (PLE)
Figure 1: The Networked Teacher (Couros, 2008)
It is a model through which teachers begin to build professional connections to support teaching practice
The Networked Student Model adapts Couros' vision for teacher professional development in a format that is applicable to the K-12 student. It includes four primary categories, each with many components evident in the networked teacher version (Figure 2).
he networked student follows a constructivist approach to learning. He or she constructs knowledge based on experiences and social interactions
Constructivism encourages "greater participation by students in their appropriation of scholarly knowledge"
Technology supports this appropriation as a collection of tools that promote knowledge construction,
Networked Student Model.
Students use RSS and social bookmarking to organise information and build upon prior knowledge with the goal of completing a task or meeting a learning objective. Social media, or web-based applications designed for the purpose of interacting with others online, promote conversations. Blogs are an example of a vehicle through which students can reflect on the learning process. The sub-parts coexist to support a constructive learning experience. The student's personal learning environment pulls them all together.
Siemens (2008) associates the concept of connectivism with networked learning
in the networked learning environment, blogging is a key component of the personal learning environment through which students respond to and collect the opinions of others. Students identify blogs that target a specific unit of study, and they have the option to respond with opinions of their own.
In a traditional classroom setting, the teacher has primary control over the content.
Networked learning gives students the ability and the control to connect with subject matter experts in virtually any field.
The skill to identify valid content and expertise,
The connection to humans is an essential part of the learning process. That connection expands to include access to resources and creative artifacts.
El elearner y el eprofesor, aprovechan la existencia del nuevo Espacio WEB en RED: Ecosistema de conocimiento personal (Espacio Social -Personas- + Espacio Digital -Recursos-INFO) + Tecnología + Procesos
design of the teacher-facilitated, student-created personal learning environment
The teacher was a facilitator in the process helping the student scaffold network learning and manage the content as it became more complex.
Construction of a personal learning environment does not necessarily facilitate comprehension or deep understanding
The networked student model is one of inquiry, or the process of "exploring problems, asking questions, making discoveries, achieving new understanding and fulfilling personal curiosity"
In guided inquiry, the teacher provides the problem and directs the students to the materials for investigation
The teacher is necessary to help the students navigate the breadth of content, apply the tools properly, and offer support in the form of digital literacy skills and subject matter expertise. Yet the teacher may not be the only expert in the learning process.
The test case for this model took place at a K-12 independent school in the southeastern United States. Fifteen students participated during a nine-week term as part of a contemporary issues research project. The contemporary issues course was unique to the school in its delivery. It was the first time a blended format had been offered. Students attended class three days face to face and two days online. Course assignments and discussions were organised using Moodle,
For the networked student project, each student selected a contemporary issue or topic for which he or she had a strong interest
Passion for a topic was one means of motivation
assessment of each student's ability to synthesise the research
The networked student test
It addresses the problem of determining the level of structure needed to facilitate networked learning while providing a foundation for greater student control over a personal learning environment
to collect student perceptions of the learning experience relative to their autonomy and comfort with the networked learning format
two key considerations when introducing the Networked Student Model. The first was student familiarity with web applications used to build the personal learning environment.
Second, considerably more structure was required since this was the first time each student embarked on the Networked Student Model.
The teacher gauged the level of structure depending upon the student's motivation, comfort with technology, and interest in the topic.
Patterns for networked learning
The learning environment slowly shifted from the classroom to online.
Google is used repeatedly because signing up for one account gave students access to a number of useful learning tools.
The level of structure is adjusted based on the prior experience of individual students.
Student activitylevel of structure
Personal learning environment toolset
a new tool was introduced each day over two weeks.
personal web page aggregators
iGoogle, PageFlakes, NetVibes, and Symbaloo
Personal web page compiles learning tools
There were four components of the assessment process for this test case of the Networked Student Model: (1) Ongoing performance assessment in the form of weekly assignments to facilitate the construction and maintenance of the personal learning environment, (2) rubric-based assessment of the personal learning environment at the end of the project, (3) written essay, and (4) multimedia synthesis of topic content.
Identify ten reliable resources and post to social bookmarking account. At least three new resources should be added each week.
Subscribe and respond to at least 3 new blogs each week. Follow these blogs and news alerts using the reader.
Subscribe to and listen to at least two podcasts (if available).
Respectfully contact and request a video conference from a subject matter expert recognised in the field.
Maintain daily notes and highlight resources as needed in digital notebook.
Post at least a one-paragraph reflection in personal blog each day.
At the end of the project, the personal learning environment was assessed with a rubric that encompassed each of the items listed above.
The student's ability to synthesise the research was further evaluated with a reflective essay.
The personal blog provided an opportunity for regular reflection during the course of the project.
Students were instructed to articulate what was learned about the selected topic and why others should care or be concerned.
As part of a final exam, the students were required to access the final projects of their classmates and reflect on what they learned from this exposure
to give the students an additional opportunity to share and learn from each other.
Creativity is considered a key 21st century skil
A number of emerging web applications support the academic creative process
Students in this project used web tools to combine text, video, audio, and photographs to teach the research topics to others. The final multimedia project was posted or embedded on the student's personal wiki page.
The student-selected topics of study included
Video conferences were conducted with
All students participated in the video conferences and identified subject matter expertise as a key element of a personal learning environment.
Four key areas were targeted to assess the success of the project and determine whether an effective balance between teacher control and student autonomy was achieved:
Creation of the personal learning environment as a replacement for a traditional textbook
Student use of technology to complete projects was identified as important because the students had little prior exposure to technology as a learning tool.
Time management and workload were tangible measures of comparison from the student's perspective and indicated his or her ability to self regulate the learning process.
Student perception of whether he or she felt equipped to study other topics in this format with less teacher intervention provided some indication as to whether greater student autonomy was achieved
Característica fundamental que sustenta nuestra propuesta de 'eAprendiz'.
The message from many workplaces continues to be that good employees wait for their supervisor to tell them what to do.
However, when we move away from a “design it first, then build it” mindset, we need to engage everyone in critical and systems thinking. Workers in agile workplaces must be passionate, adaptive, innovative, and collaborative. The way to begin is to become autonomous.
Developing practical methods, like PKM, is a start on the path to autonomy.
A major premise of PKM is that it is Personal and there are many ways to practice it.
Social Learning
Social learning is how things get done in networks.
Agility is a necessity because we are dealing with increasing complexity.
Learner autonomy is a foundation for effective social learning within and without the enterprise and social learning is the lubricant for an agile organization.
principles of communicating, focusing on simplicity, releasing often and testing often
n order to develop the necessary emergent practices to deal with complexity you need to first cultivate diversity [autonomy of each learner] .
All
people should receive in their childhood and youth an education that equips them to
develop their own independent, critical way of thinking and judgement so that they can
make up their own minds on the best courses of action in the different circumstances in
their lives.
Learning to Be
a dialectic process
based both on self-knowledge and on
relationships with other people
education should enable each person
to be able to solve his own problems, make his own
decisions and shoulder his own responsibilities
More than ever before, the essential task of education seems to
be to make sure that all people enjoy the freedom of thought, judgement, feeling and
imagination to develop their talents and keep control of as much of their lives as they
can.
What
are critical thinking and creative
thinking?
What's
Bloom's taxonomy and how is it helpful
in project planning?
How
are the domains of learning reflected
in technology-rich
projects?
presentation about how Twitter and wikis can be used by teachers to create their own personal learning network
To help teachers in this process, Gina has set up a wiki Twitter4Teachers which contains pages of useful contacts divided up according to subject and area of interest.
I suggest you use Twitter Search to create RSS feeds for all those people who you are particularly interested in (your core group)and then subscribe to them in Google Reader so you can read their messages all in one place when you have the time.
To do this, go to Twitter Search and put in the username of someone you want to follow then click on Search to generate the latest results. Click on the link Feed for this query on the right hand side of the page and copy the feed in the address bar which should look like the example below with the name of the person you want to track replaced by the word username:
http://search.twitter.com/search.atom?lang=en&q=username
In Google Reader, click the Add a subscription button and paste in the feed. Click Add and wait until the messages load. When you've finished scanning the tweets, click the Mark all as read button and you're done. Now whenever a new tweet is sent or someone replies to the person you are tracking, you will see all their messages appear in bold in your reader like in your email client. To help you manage your subscriptions, you can create different folders and assign all your Twitter feeds to the same one. Easy.
moving towards a more collaborative approach to learning and working in an organisation- and one which supports the big picture of "learning", rather than the tiny, 20% of learning, that takes place in classrooms or online courses.
Exactamente lo que estamos proponiendo para el eAprendiz (gestión de su PLM, como soporte de su ecosistema de desarrollo personal: PKM + REA + RCI + eportfolio + blog + RSs + BPC + ...), de trabajo y aprendizaje en RED.
Although many L&D professionals understand the reality of today's workplace and the need to take a more 21st century approach to "learning" than simply creating courses and workshops and using a command and control system to manage learners, what is stopping them is knowing HOW to move forward.
I'm not suggesting that in every case, you should junk your LMS completely
but you certainly need to take an honest look at whether it is delivering what you need in the workplace today.
A subsequent step in the Transition Path involves identifying a new 21st century collaboration platform that will underpin learning and working in your organisation.
My Internet Time Alliance colleague, Harold Jarche, has written a follow
up posting
further steps in the Transition Path
supporting and managing the transition process in terms of implementaton of the new system, and the new skills and mindset required.
la información se convierte en una distracción, en una diversión, en una forma de entretenimiento, en lugar de un instrumento para el fortalecimiento personal, en lugar de un medio para la emancipación intelectual"
Justificación añadida, al rol del eAprendiz (fortalecimiento personal, mediante emancipación intelectual). Desarrollo personal en RED mediante un aprendizaje autogestionado, permanente y social.
el rumor está sustituyendo a la información confirmada
Sue Waters, editora de The Edublogger, comparte desde su wiki un interesante manual para iniciarse en la construcción de un Entorno Personal de Aprendizaje. Este manual, especialmente la parte referente a las herramientas, se desarrolló a partir de las respuestas de 160 personas al siguiente cuestionario:¿Qué es lo mas importante que has aprendido de tu PLE?Clasifica las herramientas de tu PLE según su importancia¿Qué cinco herramientas recomendarías como punto de partida para construir un PLE?¿Que cinco consejos darías a la gente que quiera comenzar a desarrollar su PLE
the role of educators needs to shift away from being expert in a particular area of knowledge, to becoming expert in the ability to create and shape new learning environments
new book
the role of educators needs to shift away from being expert in a particular area of knowledge, to becoming expert in the ability to create and shape new learning environments
the role of educators needs to shift away from being expert in a particular area of knowledge, to becoming expert in the ability to create and shape new learning environments
the role of educators needs to shift away from being expert in a particular area of knowledge, to becoming expert in the ability to create and shape new learning environments
the role of educators needs to shift away from being expert in a particular area of knowledge, to becoming expert in the ability to create and shape new learning environments
the role of educators needs to shift away from being expert in a particular area of knowledge, to becoming expert in the ability to create and shape new learning environments
new book
A New Culture of Learning: Cultivating the Imagination for a World of Constant Change
why learning is changing in the 21st century and what schools need to do to accommodate these new practices
Can you share some of what you learned about student-directed learning?
distinction
between teaching and learning
it means to be an educator and being open to ideas such as student-directed learning
to be a responsible educator
the role of educators needs to shift away
to becoming expert in the ability to create and shape new learning environments.
In a way, that is a much more challenging, but also much more rewarding, role.
You get to see students learn, discover, explore, play, and develop
has become a cliché
"Lifelong learning"
the world of networked computing you describe which transforms this abstract concept into a reality?
kids learn about the world through play
play and learning are indistinguishable
The premise of A New Culture of Learning is
which means that more often than not, we are faced with the same problem that vexes children
we are now living in a world of constant change and flux
How do I make sense of this strange, changing, amazing world?
By returning to play as a modality of learning
is about the productions of new meanings by reframing or shifting the context in which something means
In a networked world, information is always available and getting easier and easier to access
Imagination, what you actually do with that information, is the new challenge.
as the world grows more complicated, more complex, and more fluid, opportunities for innovation, imagination, and play increase.
Essentially what this means is that
Information and knowledge begin to function like currency: the more of it you have, the more opportunities you will have to do things.
The force that seems to be pushing the knowledge curve forward at an exponential rate is two fold.
the generation of new content and knowledge
First
second
while content may remain stable at some abstract level, the context in which it has meaning (and therefore its meaning) is open to near constant change
users are not so much creating content as they are constantly reshaping context
idea of remix
"imagination is more important than knowledge."
The 21st century has really marked the time in our history where the tools to manipulate context have become as commonplace as the ones for content creation and we now have a low cost or free network of distribution that can allow for worldwide dissemination of new contexts in amazingly brief periods of time.
Millions of micro-transactions, each of which are trivial as "content" powerfully and constantly reshape the context in which news and current events have meaning.
how we learn is more important than what we learn
knowledge, now more than ever, is becoming a where rather than a what or how
relationship between meaning and context.
every piece of knowledge has both an explicit and a tacit dimension
The explicit
s only one kind of content, which tells you what something means
The tacit
It tells why something is important to you, how it relates to your life and social practices
It is the dimension where the context and content interact
Our teaching institutions have paid almost no attention to the tacit and we believe that it is the tacit dimension that allows us to navigate meaning in a changing world.
Knowledge may maintain consistency in the explicit, while undergoing radical changes in the tacit and we believe that understanding how knowledge is both created and how it flows in the tacit is the key to understanding and transforming learning in the 21st century.
Aún cuando creo que es fundamental incidir mas en la formación y adecuación de los profesores (crítico no solo para la implantación con éxito de la propuesta), me parece una lectura introductoria interesante de la escuela o aula 2.0.
¿Debemos enseñar a nuestros jóvenes a vivir
dos vidas o una?
Nuestra trayectoria tecnológica actual promete innovaciones inimaginables; con características de montaña rusa, sin sistema de frenado. Aunque la trayectoria es emocionante, es tal la velocidad del movimiento que generalmente carecemos del tiempo para pensar en las consecuencias indeseables que pueden acompañarla.
enseñar a nuestros niños a navegar de forma consciente y reflexiva por el presente digital que cambia aceleradamente
¿Debemos educar nuestros niños como si tuvieran dos vidas o una?
pregunta respecto a la enseñanza a nuestros niños de la era digital:
La perspectiva de las “dos vidas”
la perspectiva de “una sola vida”
implica que
la tecnología digital
es muy costosa, problemática o distractora para usarse efectiva y responsablemente en la escuela
También implica que
temas que conciernen a los efectos personales, sociales y medioambientales de un estilo de vida tecnológico no tienen importancia dentro del currículo escolar,
y que
los niños tendrán que ideárselas para manejar temas de ciberseguridad, responsabilidad tecnológica y ciudadanía digital, sin la ayuda de los docentes y del sistema educativo
lo contrario,
es nuestro trabajo como educadores ayudar a los estudiantes a vivir una sola vida e integrada, invitándolos no solo a usar sus TIC en la escuela, sino a hablar de ellas, en el contexto más amplio de la comunidad y la sociedad
precisamente
Si queremos lograr un futuro
no solo en términos de abundancia sino también en términos de humanidad
establecer un balance entre el empoderamiento individual que produce el uso de las TIC con un sentido de responsabilidad personal, comunitaria y global
escuela
buenos ciudadanos digitales que usan las TIC no solo de manera efectiva y creativa, sino responsable y con criterio informado
La Edad de la CONECTIVIDAD... marcada por la hiperconectividad, hiperdistribucion, hiperinteligencia, hiperempoderamiento y el correspondiente, y mencionado, cambio 'exponencial' permanente. Todo ello requiere ADECUACIÓN permanente (INNOVACIÓN permanente) mediante la asimilación de la INFORMACIÓN pertinente, de calidad y fiable requerida en cada instante (APRENDIZAJE permanente), que nos proporcione el CONOCIMIENTO adecuado como respuesta o toma de decisión 'en cada instante'.
el “humano ancestral” en cada uno de nosotros
Pero lo que sí no ha cambiado, es lo que Dertouzos (2001) llama
esfuerzo
en usar cualquier tipo de herramienta a nuestra disposición, para expandir nuestra comunicación con otras personas
deseo humano básico
que se remonta a nuestros primeros antepasados
El vínculo que nos une con nuestros ancestros
estar en comunidad
buscan todo lo que la comunidad hace posible: supervivencia, comunicación efectiva, estabilidad cultural, educación con propósito para nuestros niños y expresión de la creatividad
desarrollo de unos pactos o acuerdos de ciudadanía
Pero hoy
Necesita construirse sobre una noción expandida de comportamiento que trascienda lo físico y acoja lo virtual
Necesita acoger muchas culturas, zonas horarias y comunidades en línea
nueva ciudadanía
Necesitamos no solamente ayudar a los estudiantes a usar esas herramientas de manera inteligente y productiva, sino a ubicarlas en el contexto más amplio de construir comunidad, comportarse responsablemente e imaginar un futuro saludable y productivo, tanto a nivel local como global
No podremos hacer lo anterior si eliminamos las TIC de su vida escolar.
En la actualidad
las Instituciones Educativas (IE) reaccionan a comportamientos digitales como el ciberacoso o la falta de respeto a los derechos de autor, de las dos maneras siguientes
programas de formación del carácter
Ambos enfoques
tercer enfoque
comprometernos proactiva y enérgicamente, con
Estos programas ubicarán las actividades digitales dentro del contexto de comunidad en lugar de trasladarlos a la esfera de la vida privada de nuestros estudiantes.
se nos agotó el tiempo para vacilar
preocupación por los valores y la educación del carácter
La educación del carácter
ha estado con nosotros de manera formal o informal, durante milenios
estaba bien que los docente dijeran a sus estudiantes que era lo “correcto de hacer”
Luego
período de relativismo moral y de clarificación de valores
ausencia de valores definidos por la comunidad y ampliamente aplicados
Ahora que nuestras tecnologías digitales (TIC), altamente disruptivas, prometen retar permanentemente nuestro sentido de estabilidad y de comunidad
Debido a la libertad extrema, el anonimato y la generalización que caracterizan al ciberespacio, la
se han acelerado considerablemente.
educación del carácter “digital” de los estudiantes
estándares de comportamiento virtual
Las Instituciones Educativas (IE) ya empezaron, de manera no oficial, a atender la
que, aunque son importantes, no son de ninguna manera suficientes.
Necesitamos crear programas formales de ciudadanía digital
la educación del carácter en la era digital.
que encaren a profundidad y de manera directa y comprehensiva,
necesidades de la generación digital
Además de reemplazar la enseñanza basada en enfoques centrados en las asignaturas y en los exámenes o pruebas, por otros en los que se enseñe en base a proyectos, a indagación y de manera colaborativa, la junta está comprometida en crear un programa de educación del carácter para ciudadanos digitales.
en educación del carácter
programas
deben basarse en valores generados por la comunidad
que resulten de reuniones públicas, en las que los miembros de la comunidad discuten y debaten los valores que para ellos son más importantes
los valores deban adaptarse a las nuevas realidades del campo digital
Las Instituciones Educativas, explícitamente invitan a los estudiantes a participar
por tres razones
los estudiantes conocen mucho más que los adultos, las oportunidades y peligros
oportunidad de dialogar sobre un mundo en el cual los dos grupos rara vez confluyen
los estudiantes, se comprometerán más a respetar valores que ellos mismos desarrollan que a los que les impongan otros
comprobar si el ministerio, secretaría o ente encargado de la educación ya adoptó lineamientos acerca de estos valores
fundamentos para la discusión
adaptabilidad, compasión, meditación, coraje, honestidad, iniciativa, lealtad, optimismo, perseverancia, respeto, responsabilidad, y confiabilidad (digno de confianza
coraje, lealtad, justicia, respeto, esperanza, honestidad, y amor
Estos valores
necesitan refinarse para poderse aplicar a cabalidad en el mundo del ciberespacio
Por ejemplo
Algunos valores tradicionales pueden requerir mayor énfasis en la era digital
Empatía
Tenemos pues que hacer mayor esfuerzo, usando diferentes habilidades, para imaginar lo que otras personas sienten y perciben
programa para la educación del carácter en la era digital
marcos de referencia de valores
debate público de esos marcos de referencia
modificarlos para que sean relevantes para proceder en cualquier circunstancia, real o virtual, digital o análoga, local o global; e incluirlos en el currículo escolar
ver Recursos para la Educación del Carácter Digital
que ellos vean las TIC, en su mayoría invisibles, y las evalúen, en términos de sus oportunidades y responsabilidades
ayudarlos no solo a usar las TIC, sino a cuestionarlas
impactos personales, sociales y ambientales, de cada una de las Tecnologías y aplicaciones de los medios de comunicación que usan en
Expandir el papel de las TIC
como área de estudio e indagación
en contracorriente de dos décadas de planeación de la educación en TIC, centrada simplemente, en integrarlas dentro de los currículos y la enseñanza
si queremos que nuestros estudiantes no solo sean competentes en el uso de las TIC, sino buenos vecinos, votantes informados y ciudadanos comprometidos
temas que debe atender un currículo comprensivo de ciudadanía digital
Balance
Seguridad
Ciberacoso
Sexting
Derechos de autor y plagio
oportunidades
responsabilidades
empoderamiento
cautela
satisfacción persona
teléfono celular
principios éticos de integridad personal, compasión y comportamiento responsable
reflexionar sobre lo ético y legal del uso de materiales en línea sin autorización
bienestar comunitario y globa
privacidad
reconocer las comunicaciones y sitios en línea inapropiados
Wiki Ciudadanía Digital,
cada individuo debía descifrar qué era lo correcto para él o ella