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Plester, Beverly, Clare Wood, and Victoria Bell. "Txt msg n school literacy: does texting and knowledge of text abbreviations adversely affect children's literacy attainment?." Literacy 42.3 (2008): 137-144. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 3 Nov. 2010. There has been a dramatic increase in the number of children who own and use mobile phones regularly. Some of these children even prefer text messaging to actual conversation and have developed a knowledge of an abbreviated language used in text messages known as "textisms." Many studies have focused on the effects of "textisms" in the language of adults, but few have focused on children and how extreme exposure to text messaging affects their development of language. The authors strive to evaluate these effects in this article, which describes a study they performed. The first part of the study analyzed how the number of text messages sent along with the knowledge of "textisms" affect performance on a standardized test known as the Key Stage test. The second part focused on the link between the use of "textisms" and spelling and writing. From this study and the results it produced, the authors determined that, in general, there is not a connection between text messaging and poor writing and reading abilities.

Plester, Beverly, Clare Wood, and Victoria Bell. "Txt msg n school literacy: does texting and knowledge of text abbreviations adversely affect children's literacy attainment?." Literacy 42.3 (2008): 137-144. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 3 Nov. 2010. There has been a dramatic increase in the number of children who own and use mobile phones regularly. Some of these children even prefer text messaging to actual conversation and have developed a knowledge of an abbreviated language used in text messages known as "textisms." Many studies have focused on the effects of "textisms" in the language of adults, but few have focused on children and how extreme exposure to text messaging affects their development of language. The authors strive to evaluate these effects in this article, which describes a study they performed. The first part of the study analyzed how the number of text messages sent along with the knowledge of "textisms" affect performance on a standardized test known as the Key Stage test. The second part focused on the link between the use of "textisms" and spelling and writing. From this study and the results it produced, the authors determined that, in general, there is not a connection between text messaging and poor writing and reading abilities.

Objective: The aims of the study were to assess whether women during the first year of college experience (1) significant weight gain; (2) a prospective relation between dietary restraint and weight gain; (3) an increase in disordered eating; and (4) a prospective relation between dietary restraint or concern about the Freshmen 15 (i.e., weight gain of 15 lbs during the freshman year of college) and disordered eating.\n\nMethod\nParticipants were 336 female students in their first year of college who completed questionnaire measures of Body Mass Index (BMI), eating disorder pathology, dietary restraint, body image, and self-esteem.\n\nResults\nParticipants' mean weight gain was approximately 3 lbs (1.5 kg), and among those who gained weight, the mean gain was 7.32 lbs (3.3 kg). Dietary restraint in September did not predict weight change in April, but participants who lost weight reported significantly greater dietary restraint than those participants who gained weight. Eating disorder symptoms increased significantly from September to April. Dietary restraint, concern about the "Freshman 15", and self-esteem in September uniquely predicted EDE-Q Weight and Shape Concern subscale scores in April.\n\nDiscussion\nFemale students in their first year of college gain a small but significant amount of weight, and weight gain was mostly unrelated to dietary restraint. Disordered eating increases during the first year of college and, is predicted by prospective dietary restraint and concerns about weight gain.

Mancuso, Josephine M. "Assessment and measurement of health literacy: An integrative review if the literature." Nursing and Health Sciences 11.1 (Mar 2009): 77-89. Web. 24 Nov 2010. The main purpose of this article is to relate health literacy to many other aspects of healthcare, including health knowledge, health behaviors, health outcomes, and the costs of healthcare. This article is trying to find out what is already being done to make people more health literate and what can be done to improve this in the future. Graphs are also shown in this article of two instruments used to measure health literacy: Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine (REALM) and the Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults(TOFHLA). It shows the studies on these graphs and the conclusions that they came up with about the health literacy in Americans. The main goal in all of this research is too improve health care in all of its aspects.

Barrett, Betty. "The Impact of Childhood Sexual Abuse and Other Forms of Childhood Adversity on Adulthood Parenting." Journal of Child Sexual Abuse 18.5 (2009): 489-512. ERIC. EBSCO. Web. 19 Nov. 2010. The study looked at how the impact of child sexual abuse on adulthood parenting. The samples were primarily African-American mothers. Sexual abuse survivors showed much lower rates of affection towards their children, higher rates of aggression and mouch more frequent uses of corporal punishment than those of mothers who had not been abused.

Barrett, Betty. "The Impact of Childhood Sexual Abuse and Other Forms of Childhood Adversity on Adulthood Parenting." Journal of Child Sexual Abuse 18.5 (2009): 489-512. ERIC. EBSCO. Web. 19 Nov. 2010. The study looked at how the impact of child sexual abuse on adulthood parenting. The samples were primarily African-American mothers. Sexual abuse survivors showed much lower rates of affection towards their children, higher rates of aggression and mouch more frequent uses of corporal punishment than those of mothers who had not been abused.

Barrett, Betty. "The Impact of Childhood Sexual Abuse and Other Forms of Childhood Adversity on Adulthood Parenting." Journal of Child Sexual Abuse 18.5 (2009): 489-512. ERIC. EBSCO. Web. 18 Nov. 2010. The study looked at how the impact of child sexual abuse on adulthood parenting. The samples were primarily African-American mothers. Sexual abuse survivors showed much lower rates of affection towards their children, higher rates of aggression and mouch more frequent uses of corporal punishment than those of mothers who had not been abused.

Saules, Karen. "The contributions of weight problem perception, BMI, gender, mood, and smoking status to binge eating among college students." Eating Behaviors 10.1 (2009): 1-9. Ohio Link. Web. 8 Nov. 2010.\n\nCollege student participants completed a web-based survey assessing demographics, depression, anxiety, body image, cigarette smoking, and weight history. Among overweight participants, 42.6% of those who believed they were overweight admitted to binge eating, while only 30.1% who did not feel overweight did so. Among non-overweight participants, 43.2% of those who believed they were overweight admitted to binge eating, while only 32.9% of those who did not feel overweight did so. Weight Problem Perception mediated the contribution of BMI on binge eating outcomes, and WPP contributed significantly to the prediction of binge eating, beyond the risk conferred by established correlates of binge eating ( gender, mood, and cigarette smoking). Results suggest that when assessing risk for binge eating, a one-question assessment of whether or not an individual believes he or she is overweight has significant predictive power.

Burns, Robert D., et al. "Intercollegiate student athlete use of nutritional supplements and the role of athletic trainers and dietitians in nutrition counseling." Journal of the American Dietetic Association 104.2 (2004): 246-249. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 17 Nov. 2010. This article is about a survey that was conduct on college athletes. The survey examined the athletes supplement use, perceived efficacy of supplements, availability and use of nutrition services, and perceived nutrition knowledge of athletic trainers. The research was conducted on 236 athletes. The results showed that 88% used one or more nutritional supplements. In addition the survey all showed that majority of the athletes had nutritional class, brochures, and individual counseling available. Furthermore, 39.8% of the athletes were offered athletic trainers, 23.7% of athletes were offered strength and conditioning coaches, and 14.4% were offered dietitians . Overall this study showed that athletes are surrounded by a healthy and nutritional lifestyle.

This study dealt with the long-term effects of different kinds of child abuse. Nearly four hundred college students studied many aspects of child abuse history. What these students found was that when abuse is present, it is typical for more than one kind to be used. Every type of abuse was followed by certain symptoms, and whoever experienced more than one kind of abuse experienced numerous symptoms. Therefore, it is essential to study all types of abuse when doing research.

Zheng, J., Yang, H. (2008 December). On the Construction of New System of "Combination of Sport Training and Literacy" for Cultivation of Competitive Sports Talents. Journal of Beijing Sport University, Vol. 31 Issue 2, p229 3p. Retrieved from http://web.ebscohost.com This article has to do with both sports training and literacy. It goes deeper to explain the combination of sports training and literacy and how they can work together. It also tells you that the experimentation is occuring in China.

Gurari, Inbal, John J. Hetts, and Michael J Strube. "Beauty in the "I" of the Beholder: Effects of Idealized Media Portrayals on Implicit Self-Image." Basic & Applied Social Psychology 28.3 (2006): 273-282. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 21 Nov. 2010. This article discusses the results found in a study of people about how they feel about their self images. It shows that there is a difference between how the subjects reacted and they are measured with explicit reactions and implicit reactions. Both of these styles of reactions show similar results as previous studies showing that the level of beauty stressed in media caused children, especially girls to have a lower self esteem and makes them have more emphasis of their own personal appearance.

Dunn, Debra, Lori W. Turner, and George Denny. "Nutrition Knowledge and Attitudes of College Athletes." Sport Journal 10.4 (2007): 45-52. SPORTDiscus with Full Text. EBSCO. Web. 17 Nov. 2010. This article is about research that studied the nutritional knowledge of college athletes. Despite popular belief that college athletes are well aware of nutrition, this research indicates that the nutritional knowledge of college athletes is minimal. The research was conducted on student athletes at Southern university. The student athletes were tested on of current dietary recommendations, sources of nutrients, healthy food choices, and the relationship between diet and disease processes. The research showed that majority of athletes at Southern university had healthy attitudes about eating behaviors, however had little knowledge.

O'Leary, Patrick, Carol Coohey, and Scott D. Easton. "The Effect of Severe Child Sexual Abuse and Disclosure on Mental Health during Adulthood." Journal of Child Sexual Abuse 19.3 (2010): 275-289. ERIC. EBSCO. Web. 18 Nov. 2010. The article deals with the relationship of severe child sexual abuse and mental health symptoms during the adult years. Respondants of the survey taken showed that in the thirties and fourties that if they were attacked by more than one abuser and did not discuss their abuse within one year of the attack they had a greater number of mental health symptoms. The clients who are at higher risk of mental health symptoms should be assessed by professionals.

This article acknowledges the growing prevalence of instant messaging and text messaging in today's society. It reveals the two different beliefs of how these new forms of communication affect writing. One belief is that it has caused a "breakdown of the English language" from the use of abbreviations and lack of punctuation. The second is that students have been encouraged to write more and that it is helping them practice their literacy skills. These technologies can be used as learning tools, but the problem is that students have a hard time distinguishing when to use informal and when to use formal writing. The challenge now is how to teach children how to use this new tool for literacy.

Admin. " Computers and the Elderly." Networking Database. 15 January 2010. Web. 22 November 2010. http://www.globalcn.org/computers-and-the-elderly.html. This website just is a post of a general opinion of the computer literacy of the elderly. It compares how the elderly use and think of computers to how teens and middle aged people think of computers. It also shows us how much a computer would be of use to an elderly person, and how good it would be for them to have. It helps us more understand how we think of computers and how much an elderly person thinks the same.

Cleverley, Kristin, and Michael H. Boyle. "The Individual as a Moderating Agent of the Long-Term Impact of Sexual Abuse." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 25.2 (2010): 274-290. ERIC. EBSCO. Web. 18 Nov. 2010. Developmental effects in relation to traumatic life like sexual abuse will not affect all people attacked. Twelve out of forty-five respondants that experienced abuse before the age of 22 said that their life was affected in a positive way. People exposed to abuse showed more adversity in adulthood rather than those who were not exposed. More studies are needed to underst8and the true complexity of the situation.

Turla, Ahmet, Cihad Dundar, and Caglar Ozkanli. "Prevalence of Childhood Physical Abuse in a Representative Sample of College Students in Samsun, Turkey." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 25.7 (2010): 1298-1308. ERIC. EBSCO. Web. 23 Nov. 2010. The article focused on the idea of how prevalent physical abuse during childhood is to college students. The study was done to a random sample of 988 students at Ondokuz Mayis University. Questions that were asked were along the lines of who and why was the violence inflicted upon and what the reactions were that were shown by the victim.

Cleverley, Kristin, and Michael H. Boyle. "The Individual as a Moderating Agent of the Long-Term Impact of Sexual Abuse." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 25.2 (2010): 274-290. ERIC. EBSCO. Web. 18 Nov. 2010. Developmental effects in relation to traumatic life like sexual abuse will not affect all people attacked. Twelve out of forty-five respondants that experienced abuse before the age of 22 said that their life was affected in a positive way. People exposed to abuse showed more adversity in adulthood rather than those who were not exposed. More studies are needed to underst8and the true complexity of the situation.

J.E. Osagie.W.DE.C.WYK VAN A., AKADE. "IMPORTANCE OF EXERCISE AND NUTRITION IN THE PREVENTION OF ILLNESS AND THE ENHANCEMENT OF HEALTH." Education; Summer2000, Vol. 120 Issue 4, p758-772, 15p, 6 Charts. Academic Search Complete. WEB. November 18, 2010. There is evidence suggesting that people are becoming healthier, but the rate of morbid diease is increasing. Even though the number of people seeing the doctor has increased . The importance of exercise and nutrition in the prevention of illness and improvement of health has brought the need for a review of the scientific literature on the benefits associated with types of physical activity.