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zoewelch23

"Explained" on Netflix. - 0 views

!: This episode talks about the use of the exclamation point and its origins. Coding: This episode talks about the future of coding as a language. Link: https://www.netflix.com/browse?jbv=80216752

language coding exclamation_point netflix

started by zoewelch23 on 22 May 23 no follow-up yet
haleighcreedon16

Trump's Coded Language & Blame Game Should Not Distract Us From Gun Tragedy - 0 views

www.huffingtonpost.com/...d-language--bl_b_10107914.html

trump speech language coded_language blame_game NRA_leaders

shared by haleighcreedon16 on 23 May 16 - No Cached
  • haleighcreedon16 on 23 May 16
     
    The New York Times ran a sobering cover story today on the epidemic of gun violence in the nation titled "A Drumbeat of Multiple Shootings, but America Isn't Listening". In the piece, journalists analyzed 358 armed encounters across the country where four or more people were killed or wounded - and the results were staggering.
Lisa Stewart

Figures of Rhetoric in Advertising Language - 9 views

business.scu.edu/...rhetjcr.htm

wordsrus advertising

shared by Lisa Stewart on 18 Nov 09 - Cached
  • the discipline of rhetoric was the primary repository of Western thinking about persuasion
  • The principal purpose of this paper is to contribute a richer and more systematic conceptual understanding of rhetorical structure in advertising language
  • Rhetoricians maintain that any proposition can be expressed in a variety of ways, and that in any given situation one of these ways will be the most effective in swaying an audience.
  • ...33 more annotations...
  • the manner in which a statement is expressed may be more important
  • a rhetorical figure occurs when an expression deviates from expectation
  • With respect to metaphor, for instance, listeners are aware of conventions with respect to the use of words, one of which might be formulated as, words are generally used to convey one of the lead meanings given in their dictionary entry. A metaphor violates that convention, as in this headline for Johnson & Johnson bandaids, "Say hello to your child's new bodyguards," accompanied by a picture of bandaids emblazoned with cartoon characters (from Table 2)
  • listeners know exactly what to do when a speaker violates a convention: they search for a context that will render the violation intelligible. If context permits an inference that the bandaid is particularly strong, or that the world inhabited by children is particularly threatening, then the consumer will achieve an understanding of the advertiser's statement.
  • every figure represents a gap. The figure both points to a translation (the impossibility in this context of translating "Say hello to your child's new petunias" is the key to its incomprehensibility), and denies the adequacy of that translation, thus encouraging further interpretation.
  • metaphors that have become frozen or conventional: e.g., the sports car that "hugs" the road.
  • an important function of rhetorical figures is to motivate the potential reader.
  • Berlyne (1971) found incongruity
  • (deviation) to be among those factors that call to and arrest attention.
  • "pleasure of the text"--the reward that comes from processing a clever arrangement of signs.
  • Berlyne's (1971) argument, based on his research in experimental aesthetics, that incongruity (deviation) can produce a pleasurable degree of arousal.
  • Familiar examples of schematic figures would include rhyme and alliteration, while metaphors and puns would be familiar examples of tropic figures.
  • Schemes can be understood as deviant combinations, as in the headline, "Now Stouffers makes a real fast real mean Lean Cuisine."
  • This headline is excessively regular because of its repetition of sounds and words. It violates the convention that sounds are generally irrelevant to the sense of an utterance, i.e., the expectation held by receivers that the distribution of sounds through an utterance will be essentially unordered except by the grammatical and semantic constraints required to make a well-formed sentence. Soundplay can be used to build up meaning in a wide variety of ways (Ross 1989; van Peer 1986).
  • Many tropes, particularly metaphors and puns effected in a single word, can be understood as deviant selections. Thus, in the Jergens skin care headline (Table 2), "Science you can touch," there is a figurative metaphor, because "touch" does not belong to the set of verbs which can take as their object an abstract collective endeavor such as Science.
  • For example, a rhyme forges extra phonemic links among the headline elements.
  • "Performax protects to the max," the consumer has several encoding possibilities available, including the propositional content, the phonemic equivalence (Performax = max), and the syllable node (other words endin
  • Because they are over-coded, schemes add internal redundancy to advertising messages. Repetition within a text can be expected to enhance recall just as repetition of the entire text does.
  • The memorability of tropes rests on a different mechanism. Because they are under-coded, tropes are incomplete in the sense of lacking closure. Tropes thus invite elaboration by the reader. For example, consider the Ford ad with the headline "Make fun of the road" (Table 2). "Road" is unexpected as a selection from the set of things to mock or belittle. Via
  • This level of the framework distinguishes simple from complex schemes and tropes to yield four rhetorical operations--repetition, reversal, substitution, destabilization.
  • s artful deviation, irregularity, and complexity that explain the effects of a headline such as "Say hello to your child's new bodyguards," and not its assignment to the category 'metaphor.'
  • The rhetorical operation of repetition combines multiple instances of some element of the expression without changing the meaning of that element. In advertising we find repetition applied to sounds so as to create the figures of rhyme, chime, and alliteration or assonance (Table 2). Repetition applied to words creates the figures known as anaphora (beginning words), epistrophe (ending words), epanalepsis (beginning and ending) and anadiplosis (ending and beginning). Repetition applied to phrase structure yields the figure of parison, as in K Mart's tagline: "The price you want. The quality you need." A limiting condition is that repeated words not shift their meaning with each repetition (such a shift would create the trope known as antanaclasis, as shown further down in Table 2).
  • the possibility for a second kind of schematic figure, which would be produced via an operation that we have named reversal. Th
  • rhetorical operation of reversal combines within an expression elements that are mirror images of one another.
  • The rhetorical operation of destabilization selects an expression such that the initial context renders its meaning indeterminate. By "indeterminate" we mean that multiple co-existing meanings are made available, no one of which is the final word. Whereas in a trope of substitution, one says something other than what is meant, and relies on the recipient to make the necessary correction, in a trope of destabilization one means more than is said, and relies on the recipient to develop the implications. Tropes of substitution make a switch while tropes of destabilization unsettle.
  • Stern, Barbara B. (1988), "How Does an Ad Mean? Language in Services Advertising," Journal of Advertising, 17 (Summer), 3-14.
  • "Pleasure and Persuasion in Advertising: Rhetorical Irony as a Humor Technique," Current Issues & Research in Advertising, 12, 25-42.
  • Tanaka, Keiko (1992), "The Pun in Advertising: A Pragmatic Approach," Lingua, 87, 91-102.
  • "The Bridge from Text to Mind: Adapting Reader Response Theory to Consumer Research," Journal of Consumer Research,
  • Gibbs, Raymond W. (1993), "Process and Products in Making Sense of Tropes," in Metaphor and Thought, 2nd ed
  • Grice, Herbert P. (1989), Studies in the Way of Words, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Leigh, James H. (1994), "The Use of Figures of Speech in Print Ad Headlines," Journal of Advertising, 23(June), 17-34.
  • Mitchell, Andrew A. (1983), "Cognitive Processes Initiated by Exposure to Advertising," in Information Processing Research in Advertising, ed. Richard J. Harris, Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 13-42.
Lisa Stewart

YouTube - Microexpressions - 13 views

www.youtube.com/watch

facial_expressions body_language microexpressions wordsrus

shared by Lisa Stewart on 05 Jan 10 - Cached
  • Kai Aknin on 03 Mar 11
     
    Very cool results. At first, I wasn't sure if there was actually a way to gather this data, but it appears that with lots of training, it can be quiet easy to find things out!
  • Lisa Stewart on 04 Mar 11
     
    If you're interested in learning more about it, consult Paul Eckman's research into microexpressions and the Facial Action Coding System (FACS). The animation industry depends on FACS, in fact!
  • Lisa Stewart on 05 Mar 11
     
    Take a look at Dr. Paul Eckman's research on Facial Action Coding System, also bookmarked here (FACS)
Ryan Catalani

The Secret Language Code: Scientific American - 1 views

www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm

pronouns gender

shared by Ryan Catalani on 27 Aug 11 - No Cached
  • Ryan Catalani on 27 Aug 11
     
    "Remarkably, how people used pronouns was correlated with almost everything I studied. For example, use of first-person singular pronouns (I, me, my) was consistently related to gender, age, social class, honesty, status, personality, and much more. Although the findings were often robust, people in daily life were unable to pick them up when reading or listening to others... Higher GPAs were associated with admission essays that used high rates of nouns and low rates of verbs and pronouns. The effects were surprisingly strong and lasted across all years of college, no matter what the students' major."
mhiraki16

How Code-Switching Explains The World - 1 views

www.npr.org/...e-switching-explains-the-world

shared by mhiraki16 on 14 Mar 16 - No Cached
  • mhiraki16 on 14 Mar 16
     
    So you're at work one day and you're talking to your colleagues in that professional, polite, kind of buttoned-up voice that people use when they're doing professional work stuff. Your mom or your friend or your partner calls on the phone and you answer. How does your language change between these two scenarios?
ablume17

Could the language barrier actually fall within the next 10 years? - 0 views

www.huffingtonpost.com/...language-barrie_b_9559832.html

language_evolution

shared by ablume17 on 29 Mar 16 - No Cached
  • haleighcreedon16 on 29 Mar 16
     
    With the advances of technology, it is presumed that humans will soon be using ear pieces and microphones to help translate or speak in a different language. However, it is argued that computers and technology will be unsuccessful at doing so. Computers and technology aims for perfection and therefore won't be able to communicate or translate the imperfect human language. In the article, the human language is compared to coding on a computer. The two are actually very different in that language is constantly changing and imperfect, however coding is pre-set and there is a general understanding for it.
  • ablume17 on 29 Mar 16
     
    Pieter Bruegel the Elder's 'The Tower of Babel' (1563). Wikimedia Commons Wouldn't it be wonderful to travel to a foreign country without having to worry about the nuisance of communicating in a different language?
briahnialejo20

ASL and Black ASL: Yes, There's a Difference - 0 views

splinternews.com/theres-a-difference-1793840928

ASL code-switching Black African-American sign language

shared by briahnialejo20 on 04 Oct 18 - No Cached
  • briahnialejo20 on 04 Oct 18
     
    Like people with hearing, those who lack it are able to code switch when using sign language. Just like us, they're able to change their style of signing depending on who they're signing with.
Lara Cowell

What Does It Mean to 'Sound' Black? - 0 views

www.theatlantic.com/...567416

African American AAVE speech race code-switching register pitch authenticity identity Black English language

shared by Lara Cowell on 16 Aug 18 - No Cached
  • Lara Cowell on 16 Aug 18
     
    To speak or write Black English with any level of fluency requires diligence and, more often than not, a familiarity that is both embodied and acculturated. The language ebbs and flows temporally, but also along lines of class, region, and even national origin (after all, Americans are not the only people-black or otherwise-to speak English). Black English is, like standard American English, a language worthy of both speech and study. It is distinct and recognizable, a code of speech that can function as much as a signal of authenticity or belonging as it does a way to relay words.
Lara Cowell

There's a linguistic reason why using a period in a text message makes you sound like a... - 1 views

www.businessinsider.com/text-messages-etiquette-2016-7

texting technology punctuation code-switching

shared by Lara Cowell on 22 Oct 18 - No Cached
  • Lara Cowell on 22 Oct 18
     
    Because text messaging is a conversation that involves a lot of back-and-forth, people add fillers as a way to mimic spoken language. We see this with the increased use of ellipses, which can invite the recipient to continue the conversation. The period is the opposite of that - a definitive stop that signals, as linguistics professor Mark Liberman has explained, "This is final, this is the end of the discussion." For some, this can appear angry or standoffish--but why? The use of the period is an example of what linguist John Gumperz termed situational code-switching: when we change how we talk depending on where we are, who we're talking to or how we're communicating. Using a period in a text message is perceived as overly formal, making the writer come across as insincere or awkward, just like using formal spoken language in a casual setting, like a bar.
ecolby17

"Nonverbal Messages: Cracking The Code" - 0 views

www.huffingtonpost.com/...essages-cracki_b_12775784.html

shared by ecolby17 on 08 Mar 17 - No Cached
  • ecolby17 on 08 Mar 17
     
    Nonverbal Messages: Cracking the Code Excerpt taken from Introduction (pp. ix - xiv) November 2, 2016 "What motivated me to spend fifty years investigating facial expressions, gestures, emotion and lies? Why these topics, which had been abandoned as fruitless by the academic establishment?...
Lara Cowell

Why you can't stop playing Wordle, according to a computational linguist | University o... - 0 views

news.uchicago.edu/...cording-computational-linguist

Wordle University of Chicago computational linguistics

shared by Lara Cowell on 13 Mar 22 - No Cached
  • Lara Cowell on 13 Mar 22
     
    Over the past few months, the online word game Wordle has skyrocketed in popularity, with cryptic grids of gray, green and yellow squares appearing on social media.The game is challenging, but simple: Once a day, players have six guesses to identify a new five-letter word (all players receive the same word on a given day). Each guess provides color-coded hints: a letter turns green if it is in the correct spot, yellow if it is part of the word but in a different spot, and gray if it is not in the word at all. In Wordle, the process of intuiting a target word from color-coded clues provides a window into our subconscious understanding of how language works, according to UChicago linguist Jason Riggle. In effect, it turns everyone into a linguist, forcing us to wrestle with sound fragments and stitch them together according to probability distributions.
faith_ota23

CODE SWITCHING IN HAWAIIAN CREOLE - 0 views

www.jstor.org/23255183

HCE pidgin sociolinguistics rhetoric

shared by faith_ota23 on 28 Feb 23 - No Cached
  • faith_ota23 on 28 Feb 23
     
    Abstract: The speech community of the Hawaiian Islands is of theoretical interest to both the sociologist and the linguist. The reasons for this are clear. In the first place, it has a linguistic repertoire which is characteristic of multilingual societies. This is a direct consequence of the influx of immigrant labor from China, Korea, the Philippines, Okinawa, Japan, and Portugal and their social and linguistic contacts with the native Hawaiians and the English-speaking colonialists. Hence, Hawaii is a veritable laboratory for sociolinguistic research. Secondly the varieties of speech range extensively and in accordance with the social demands of solidarity and status. This is particularly evident in the phenomenon of code-switching where a native speaker of Hawaiian Creole can either shift towards a dialect of English or towards a variety of immigrant speech when the social context of the situation demands it. Finally, the study of Creole languages such as the one to which this paper is directed has some very interesting implications for the "sociology of knowledge" because a Creole speaker attributes a different cognitive saliency to the lexical relations "push/pull," "bring/take," and "come/go" when he speaks Hawaiian Creole, then when he switches to standard English. These sundry concepts and their relevance to the field of sociolinguistics are the central topics of this paper.
juliettemorali23

In Defence of Creole: Loving our Dialect | Outlish Magazine - 0 views

www.outlish.com/e-of-creole-loving-our-dialect

Trinidad&Tobago TCE TrinidadCreoleEnglish

shared by juliettemorali23 on 05 Mar 23 - No Cached
  • juliettemorali23 on 05 Mar 23
     
    This article explains Trinidad Creole English, or TCE, from the perspective of a native TCE speaker. Karel Mc Intosh demonstrates her passion for TCE along with the challenges that come with it. TCE speakers love their "broken English." It is a part of their culture and identity. Although it is a comfortable way of conversing with each other, TCE speakers are looked down upon by those who do not understand it and are not used to it. This causes many TCE speakers to code switch, which means speaking with an accent in relaxed settings and speaking proper English in more formal settings. Intosh describes her experiences as a TCE speaker and states her opinion on the negative perception that follows it.
Lara Cowell

'Another way to reawaken the language': Word game Wordle adapted for Indigenous languag... - 0 views

theprovince.com/...9e-e3a5-41d4-8401-6202cbf01a2c

Wordle game indigenous language revitalization Canada Native American

shared by Lara Cowell on 01 Feb 22 - No Cached
  • Lara Cowell on 01 Feb 22
     
    The Gitxsan Nation, an indigenous tribe, is located in northwestern British Columbia. Victoria software developer and linguist Aidan Pine used open source code to adapt the virally-popular online game Wordle for Gitxsan. While Pine recognizes that games like Wordle can support language learners, Pine said he's it's important to remember that technology is not what keeps languages alive. "People revitalize languages through hard work and determination. And if small games like this can help or make it easier, that's great." Stay tuned--word has it there's an `Ōlelo Hawai`i version in the works, and other coder linguists can find Pineʻs code here (itʻs adaptable to any language): github.com/roedoejet/AnyLanguage-Wordle
  • Lara Cowell on 02 Feb 22
ebullard16

Vanishing Languages, Reincarnated as Music - 2 views

www.nytimes.com/...ges-reincarnated-as-music.html

language_evolution language speech WordsRUs

shared by ebullard16 on 30 Mar 16 - No Cached
  • ebullard16 on 30 Mar 16
     
    Australian composer Liza Lim unveils her opera "Tree of Codes," which includes snippets of a Turkish whistling language from a small mountain village. This article explains that numerous people believe that if tradition is dying, something new should take it's place; there must be a way to incarnate the dying into something new.
maliagacutan17

Dissecting the alien language in 'Arrival' - 0 views

www.engadget.com/...-the-alien-language-in-arrival

language brain speech Words understanding foreign

shared by maliagacutan17 on 15 Nov 16 - No Cached
  • maliagacutan17 on 15 Nov 16
     
    Throughout a series of tweets recently, writer/producer Eric Heisserer explained not only how the circular speech symbols came to be, but also the "bespoke logogram analytic code" that translated the language when the cameras were rolling. "In several shots in the film, the analytics you see are working in real-time to dissect a logogram," Heisserer writes.
jushigome17

A case for cutting foreign languages from US schools - 1 views

qz.com/...eign-languages-from-us-schools

shared by jushigome17 on 16 Dec 14 - No Cached
  • alexashimine15 on 16 Dec 14
     
    A CEO of a company that runs about 32 charter schools around New York is cutting foreign language from the curriculum because "Americans don't learn foreign languages well".
  • jushigome17 on 26 Nov 16
     
    Eva Moskowitz is the CEO and founder of Success Academy Charter Schools, responsible for about 9,000 students in 32 charter schools around New York City. Moskowitz sat down for an interview with the American Enterprise Institute this week, and talked about how to fit everything she deems important for students-coding, recess, science five days a week-into...
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