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SIRT1, known to reduce inflammatory signaling, found to help maintain circadian rhythm.  Loss of the circadian rhythm is know to contribute to chronic disease.  Likewise, SIRT1 has been shown to reduce inflammation, which will reduce disease.  Is this their link?

small study. But it showed that disruption in circadian rhythm results in disruption of insulin/glucose metabolism.

A proposed mechanism of how night shift work is a carcinogen.

granted, this comes from the American Journal of Primatology; but their conclusion says it all: "we recommend that saliva collection may be the moste effective method of measuring stress reactivity and as the potential to complement behavioral, cognitive, physiologic, and welfare studies".

this article looked at normal testosterone rhythm  via saliva.  Normal testosterone peaks in am and is lowest in pm. The normal testosterone rhythm decreases as a man ages.  This is similar results as seen in serum.

disrupted cortisol rhythm or pattern due to stress is a pathway to disease.  A disrupted HPA axis is a disrupted immune system.

salivary testosterone found to decline in women beyond the age of 39 with many women > 50 with low salivary testosterone levels.

salivary cortisol recommended for evaluating Cushing's syndrom

Melatonin and Cortisol salivary testing by NASA

Animal study finds very good correlation of salivary cortisol and free plasma cortisol.

to be read article on the communication between gut microbiota and intestinal epithelial cells and the resultant metabolic impact.

dopamine inhibits melatonin production and release disrupting sleep.

Sleep deprivation, defined as 1 night of no sleep, changed epigenetic expression of BMAL via increased methylation. Other findings: decreased cortisol, increased glucose...