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Design teaching aids and lessons that are flexible. Add creativity to lessons and homework. Develop easy-to-use monitoring tools that are needs-based. Design lesson plans that can be modified to fit each student. Develop a set of resources and interventions that work.

Teaching Effectively

Use a multiple-scenario approach to developing lesson plans. Monitor and verify student responses to lessons. Evaluate and adapt lessons as necessary. Use peers to review lesson plans and to develop ideas that might be applicable. Develop and maintain a pool of mentors. Keep a list of resources for teaching, lesson plans and professional development Set a professional development plan for yourself and track your goals Develop or implement a system that allows for easy and comprehensive data collection to help monitor and adapt lessons Gather some tricks of the trade from fellow teachers, including those who do not teach special education.

the preference for visually presented information.

bias for visually presented information.

The developing child requires the right combination of these experiences at the right times during development in order to develop optimally.

The technologies that benefit young children the greatest are those that are interactive and allow the child to develop their curiosity, problem solving and independent thinking skills.

Children are natural "manipulators" of the world

With television, they watch and do not control anything

cameras and tape recorders and video cameras in the classroom

children think differently than adults

What's important is when experience is provided and how it's mixed in with other crucial experiences.

Parents and teachers must act as facilitators in children's learning.

parents and teachers can take advantage of the interactive qualities of a computer to enhance the experiences available to children.

our task is to balance appropriate skill-development with technologies with the core principles and experiences necessary to raise healthy children

he key to making technologies healthy is to make sure that we use them to enhance or even expand our social interactions and our view of the world as opposed to using them to isolate and create an artificial world

as with all other tools, adults must protect children from misuse or inappropriate access.

struggle with

ontrolling access to content that may not be developmentally appropriate.

ccess to information that is developmentally appropriate is something that we need to be very concerned about

may think that buildings are blowing up all over the place and many planes crashed — rather than understanding that these multiple stories are actually from single events

word processor and they can hand in papers that are clean and neat and they can see how to spell words correctly

put them on a

simplest level,

ine motor

arge motor problem

heir handwriting is very immature and very slow and looks sloppy

PowerPoint is ideal for helping young children to make basic self-authored e-books.

ICT as a tool for enriching the teaching and learning environment for young children.

Walsh (2008) and Healy (2000), we are not suggesting abandoning practices centred on the traditions of print literacy but instead propose early childhood professionals include a range of texts for young children that expand beyond the current print traditions. Self-authored e-books are one way to accomplish this, as they can create a partnership between ICT and reading.

Adequate time must be allowed for teachers to develop new skills, explore their integration into their existing teaching practices and curriculum, and undertake necessary additional lesson planning, if ICTs are to be used effectively

Effective teacher professional development should approximate the classroom environment as much as possible. "Hands-on" instruction on ICT use is necessary where ICT is deemed to be a vital component of the teaching and learning process. In addition, professional development activities should model effective practices and behaviors and encourage and support collaboration between teachers.

By providing access to updated and additional learning resources, ICTs can enable teacher self-learning in his/her subject area.

In the early 1980's, a group of science education researchers and science philosophers at Cornell University developed a theory of conceptual change (Posner, Strike, Hewson, & Gertzog, 1982)

Researchers have found that learners' preconceptions can be extremely resilient and resistant to change,

Affective, social, and contextual factors also contribute to conceptual change. All of these factors must be considered in teaching or designing learning environments that foster conceptual change (Duit, 1999).

Teaching for conceptual change requires a constructivist approach in which learners take an active role in reorganizing their knowledge.

That is, learners must become dissatisfied with their current conceptions and accept an alternative notion as intelligible, plausible, and fruitfu

Nussbaum and Novick (1982): Reveal student preconceptions Discuss and evaluate preconceptions Create conceptual conflict with those preconceptions Encourage and guide conceptual restructuring

What the research tells usResearch indicates that to implement ICT successfully in their classrooms teachers must ...understand what visual literacy is and rethink what learning to read and write means in the 21st century. (Goodwyn et al 1997; Reid et al, 2002) The research also indicates that ICT is most effective when embedded in the curriculum, and integrated into units of work (Dickinson, 1998). English teachers can maximize the impact of ICT in their classrooms by ensuring that they and their students use ICT as an integral part of lessons, present ideas dynamically, and use a range of media. (Becta, 2006). ICT should be integrated in such a way as to require purposeful application and meaningful engagement with the technology. For example:while pupils are using a desk top publishing package to create a school newspaper they are also developing their ability to communicate more effectively. This provides both a context and a meaning for the ICT activity. Taking the IT out of context and teaching IT skills separately, not only decontextualises ICT but also places additional burdens on curriculum time. The use of ICT therefore should be a meaningful part of an activity where it is used to consolidate or extend pupils' learning. (Lewisham ICT Training for Teachers,2006)To implement ICT successfully in their classrooms teachers also need to:identify how ICT can be used to meet specific objectives within the English curriculum to improve pupils attainment (Moseley et al,1999)understand that successful use of ICT depends on other factors such as pupils’ work in the classroom away from the computer, discussions between pupils and between pupils and their teacher, and the ways in which pupils interact with each other at the computer (Mc Cormick and Scrimshaw,2001 cited in Becta, 2005)

All teachers make mistakes, after all, and Khan should not, the reasoning goes, be called out for making the same mistakes we all make.

There certainly are broken models in education, but there is absolutely no evidence that competent knowledge of student learning and thinking is one that teachers can afford to jettison.

researchers are finding evidence that particular kinds of PCK are associated with greater gains in student learning in elementary mathematics.

revolutionize

The equal sign (=) i

content knowledge alone is inadequate

The standard American curricular treatment, in which students are instructed to append zeroes to the shorter decimal to equalize the number of digits helps students to perform this task correctly, but fosters its own misconceptions.

he exercises offer no intellectual rigor and do not address our central concern.

PCK knows from both educational research and professional experience

If Khan’s videos occasionally popped up in a Google search, we would be content to have him carry on. There is lots of worse information available on the web. But Khan is hailed as “unbelievable” ( Bill Gates) and his work as “sparking a revolution in education

discuss the meaning of the equal sign frequently and explicitly, and (2) model correct use of the equal sign.

Khan will put the video out there and see how people react to it.

Newsweek