Bridge12

Extension: Change X's and O's with historical figures, geometric shapes from another culture, etc. (representational symbols can vary) Adaptations: Use pictures for grid and small groups for this activity (2-4) to help ESL and Special Ed students. Give more time to solve math problems for Special Ed students.

Extensions: Math/History/Art (Leonardo of Pisa: Fibonacci) The Golden Mean Adaptations: ESL will be able to visualize Golden Ratio - proportions of art and architecture.  Special Ed will work in small groups paired with good math students. Teacher will provide completed sample of spiral and objects from nature that show this spiral.

K.G.2 "Correctly name shapes regardless of their orientations or overall size." This activity can be modified for ELL students by having them draw a picture of the shapes they see in their food, rather than writing the word on the graph. The gifted students can be challenged by having them give examples of other things they see in their every day lives that are shapes, not just food. This activity can be used for the older ages by having them identify different angles or more complex shapes, such as parallelograms.

By practicing graphing skills, students increase their visual thinking and problem solving skills

Extension:  If each ordered pair is graphed accurately and each point is connected in the given order, you will have created a five-pointed star!  This makes a connection with math to art (shapes are an element of art). Adaptations: ESL students would see the answer in picture form.  Gifted students could make other graphs with this activity.  Special Ed students could work in pairs. 

3.MD.2 "Measure and estimate liquid volumes and masses of objects using standard units of grams (g), kilograms (kg), and liters (l). Add, subtract, multiply, or divide to solve one-step word problems involving masses or volumes that are given in the same units, e.g., by using drawings (such as a beaker with a measurement scale) to represent the problem." This activity can be modified for ELL students by having them work in pairs or small groups. The ELL students could have the role as "recorder" until they grasp the concept of how estimation works. This activity can be modified for gifted students by having them measure more objects, and then make a graph based on their results. For older ages, this activity could be used to measure objects, and then convert the weight into other units of measurement.

1. OA. 2 "Solve word problems that call for addition of three whole numbers whose sum is less than or equal to 20, e.g., by using objects, drawings, and equations with a symbol for the unknown number to represent the problem." This activity can be modified for gifted students by having them use more "pins" to add up. In the same way, the activity can be modified for ELL students by giving them fewer "pins" to add up. The activity can be used for older ages by having them multiply the numbers together.

K.CC.4 "Understand the relationship between numbers and quantities; connect counting to cardinality." This activity can be used with ELL students by having them simply count the spaces, rather than finding the matching number from the die. The gifted students can be given cards, rather than die, with simple math problems on them. The student would move their froggy to the number on the board that is the solution to their math problem. For example, if their card read "3 + 2", the child would move their froggy to the 5 space. This activity could be used with older grades by using the card concept, but using multiplication or division problems.

1.MD.3 "Tell and write time in hours and half-hours using analog and digital clocks." This activity can be modified for ELL students or gifted students by giving them less dates to put on their timeline, or more dates to put on their timeline. The ELL students should be encouraged to draw pictures with their events in order to convey what each event is. This activity could be used across the curriculum by having students make a timeline of their favorite book. The plot of the book should go along the timeline. This can be done in various subject areas!

2.OA.2 "Fluently add and subtract within 20 using mental strategies.2 By end of Grade 2, know from memory sums all of two one-digit numbers." This game could be modified for gifted students by using more number cards, and modifying the goal. The goal for these students could be to get cards that total 20, rather than 10. This game could also be used for older age groups by having them play with negative and positive numbers. 

By carefully choosing the cards that go into a deck you could differentiate this game for high/low skill with fractions. Additionally you could make one deck of numerators and another deck of denominators.

1.MD.4 "Organize, represent, and interpret data with up to three categories; ask and answer questions about the total number of data points, how many in each category, and how many more or less are in one category than in another." This activity can be modified for ELL students by drawing pictures, rather than writing words, in each category. For older age levels, this activity could include more difficult or complex categories.

2.MD.1 "Measure the length of an object by selecting and using appropriate tools such as rulers, yardsticks, meter sticks, and measuring tapes."

Pair lower math students with higher math students when participating in this activity so that the higher students can provide guidance to the lower students if they have trouble navigating their game board.

This can be used as a cross-curricular activity, extending to social studies. The class can explore flags from several different countries, or choose one country to focus on. The students can learn about why countries have flags and what the shapes and colors represent.

K.G.1 "Describe objects in the environment using names of shapes, and describe the relative positions of these objects using terms such as above, below, beside, in front of, behind, and next to." K.G.2 "Correctly name shapes regardless of their orientations or overall size."

K.OA.1 "Represent addition and subtraction with objects, fingers, mental images, drawings2, sounds (e.g., claps), acting out situations, verbal explanations, expressions, or equations." K.OA.2 "Solve addition and subtraction word problems, and add and subtract within (e.g., by using objects or drawings to represent the problem)." K.OA.3 "Decompose numbers less than or equal to 10 into pairs in more than one way (e.g., by using objects or drawings), and record each decomposition by a drawing or equation (e.g., 5 = 2 + 3 and 5 = 4 + 1).K.OA.4 For any number from 1 to 9, find the number that makes 10 when added to the given number (e.g., by using objects or drawings), and record the answer with a drawing or equation."

Great activities for a winter theme unit!

These activities can be used as sensory counting activities for special needs students.

K.G.2 "Correctly name shapes regardless of their orientations or overall size."

This activity not only helps students with shape recognition, it also helps improve fine motor skills with practice cutting and arranging the shapes into the mural.

K.CC.4 "Understand the relationship between numbers and quantities; connect counting to cardinality."

This activity can be extended as students learn new numbers and become more fluent with counting.