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This article explains why and when we say things such as "please" and "thank you" to others. A recent study has shown that people in informal settings, received expressions of gratitude only a small amount of times in comparison to the amount of requests they complied with or number of times they offered their service or help. Although this may seem like a bad thing, researchers believe this is good news. This article further explains the researchers reasoning.

This article has some pictures of Tolkien's notebooks that he created four elvish in. The languages he made for Lord of The Rings were fairly complex. They were all derived from each other and he even created historical evolution throughout the languages.

This article talks about Pelota mixteca, a sport, and how it has been keeping Oaxacan, a native mexican language, alive. The article talks about the stigma and resistance Mexicans and Mexican-Americans face when speaking non-English languages or their local languages.

A recent Times article asked readers to name everyday words that repelled them. There was a wide variety of answers from simple words like moist to complicated words like pulchritude. There were also some random words that inspired word aversion for no apparent reason. This New York Times article explains why some people have word aversion to certain categories of words.

Researchers found that people tend to rate discoveries that came about "like a light bulb" as more exceptional than those that are "nurtured like seeds." These two metaphors are often used to describe scientific discovery and what we perceive as genius. Along with them come ingrained, subconscious associations that may have unintended consequences, according to a study published Friday in Social Psychological and Personality Science. Also, those metaphors had different effects depending on the gender of the idea's creator.

Tim Kaine, Democratic VP nominee, uses Spanish during his speeches to appeal to Hispanic voters.

This article is about how Hillary Clinton's running mate, Tim Kaine, uses his bilingualism to bring diversity to the Clinton campaign. It is believed that Hillary partly chose Kaine because of his Spanish speaking skills to connect with a different demographic, the Hispanics. During his convention speech Kaine wiped out his Spanish and inspired the listeners to roar into cheers. He spoke about the many Hispanic values such as family, hard work and faith lock in his audience.

Music is such a powerful tool for children, whether it be singing, playing an instrument, or just grooving along to the beat. There are so many types of songs (repetition, recognition, action, imaginative, etc.) that it reaches out to all types of learners and helps develop their language abilities as well! This article explores how music can really help people with down syndrome!

'By studying language in people with aphasia, we can try to accomplish two goals at once: we can improve our clinical understanding of aphasia and get new insights into how language is organized in the mind and brain,' said Daniel Mirman, Professor of Psychology at Drexel University. Mirman is lead author of a new study which examined data from 99 people who had persistent language impairments after a left-hemisphere stroke. In the first part of the study, the researchers collected 17 measures of cognitive and language performance and used a statistical technique to find the common elements that underlie performance on multiple measures. Researchers found that spoken language impairments vary along four dimensions or factors: 1. Semantic Recognition: difficulty recognizing the meaning or relationship of concepts, such as matching related pictures or matching words to associated pictures. 2. Speech Recognition: difficulty with fine-grained speech perception, such as telling "ba" and "da" apart or determining whether two words rhyme. 3. Speech Production: difficulty planning and executing speech actions, such as repeating real and made-up words or the tendency to make speech errors like saying "girappe" for "giraffe." 4. Semantic Errors: making semantic speech errors, such as saying "zebra" instead of "giraffe," regardless of performance on other tasks that involved processing meaning. In the second part of the study, researchers mapped the areas of the brain associated with each of the four dimensions identified above.

An International Year is an important cooperation mechanism dedicated to raising awareness of a particular topic or theme of global interest or concern, and mobilizing different players for coordinated action around the world. In 2016, the United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution proclaiming 2019 as the International Year of Indigenous Languages, based on a recommendation by the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues. At the time, the Forum said that 40 per cent of the estimated 6,700 languages spoken around the world were in danger of disappearing. The fact that most of these are indigenous languages puts the cultures and knowledge systems to which they belong at risk. In addition, indigenous peoples are often isolated both politically and socially in the countries they live in, by the geographical location of their communities, their separate histories, cultures, languages and traditions. And yet, they are not only leaders in protecting the environment, but their languages represent complex systems of knowledge and communication and should be recognized as a strategic national resource for development, peace building and reconciliation. They also foster and promote unique local cultures, customs and values which have endured for thousands of years. Indigenous languages add to the rich tapestry of global cultural diversity. Without them, the world would be a poorer place.

the micro-nuances of their speech patterns, and how voters, and viewers, hear them - can also provide a fascinating window into how we perceive authority and who occupies it. Women and men tend to have different speech patterns, linguists will tell you. Women, especially young women, tend to have more versatile intonation. They place more emphasis on certain words; they are playful with language and have shorter and thinner vocal cords, which produce a higher pitch. That isn't absolute, nor is it necessarily a bad thing - unless, of course, you are a person with a higher pitch trying to present yourself with some kind of authority. A 2012 study published in PLoS ONE found that both men and women prefer male and female leaders who have lower-pitched voices, while a 2015 report in a journal called Political Psychology determined, in a sample of U.S. adults, that Americans prefer political candidates with lower voices as well. Lower voices do carry better, so that's not entirely without basis, said the linguist Deborah Tannen.

"Talk to your baby," Dr. Cutler said. "Your baby is picking up useful knowledge about language even though they're not actually learning words." Before, many believed babies did not learn sound until six months of life. However, studies now have shown that "newborns can recognize the voices they've been hearing for the last trimester in the womb, especially the sounds that come from their mothers, and prefer those voices to the voices of strangers." In addition, the language heard before birth and in the first months of life affect sound perception and sound production. These two discoveries have led to a better understanding of language learning and brain development in babies.

This short article discusses the fact that being bilingual should not be looked down upon and rather be encouraged by those who are not. More individuals should attempt to learn more than one language as there are many benefits. "Instead of looking down, inadvertently or intentionally, at children whose first language is not English, and discouraging their self-confidence, let's look to them as our teachers."

This article discusses the important issue of capitalization of the I in "Internet" and how it has evolved. According to the New York Times, "In some ways, uppercase "Internet" was always a bit of an anomaly, since it is not really a proper noun comparable to a company name or an official place name."

The article discusses the irony epedemic as well as the overuse and incorrect use of air quotes by President Trump and his advisors.

Children who are bilingual, or English is not their first language, should not be looked down upon, rather they should be seen as teachers. We can benefit from bilingual children and children are an enormous asset on everyone else.

This article covers a very interesting phenomena; as the national mood changes, the vocabulary people use adjusts to fit the mood. There are a few theories for why this happens- maybe, they say, it's because we're social creatures, and affirmative language promotes group bonding and cooperation. Maybe we inherently privilege positive information. Maybe, optimistically, more good things than bad things happen overall, and the words we use reflect that.

Italians are using more and more "parolacce" (swear words). In private conversations, within the family, in public life, on mainstream media and - of course - on social media.

New research suggests that babies perceive sound differently depending on what language they hear growing up compared to what language they hear during the third trimester of birth. Babies prefer to listen to voices that they have heard in the womb, their mothers in particular, and enjoy listening to languages that have similar rhythms. This cancels the previous thinking that babies didn't learn phonemes until the second six months of life.

This article addresses many parents' concerns of their kids listening to rap music. Questions that are answered in this article are questions like does rap promote violence or influence sexual behavior amongst teens. The conclusion was that rap is an art form used to express many emotions. Like all art and everything else in life, there is the good and the bad. Rap can promote violence and talk about it or it can condemn violence and propose solutions to them. The article seemed to suggest that what influenced teens actions more than rap lyrics was the social and economic factors of where the teen is growing up.

In this article, scientists analyze 5,000 orangutan "kiss squeaks." They think that our ancestors used orangutan kiss squeaks as a precursor of consonants and vowels. The kiss squeaks require the action of the lips, tongue, and jaw similar to the movements needed to say consonants. Scientists believe orangutan kiss squeaks to be the crucial "building blocks" in the evolution of language.