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Matti Narkia

Estimation and Fortification of Vitamin D3 in Pasteurized Process Cheese -- Upreti et a... - 0 views

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    Estimation and fortification of vitamin D3 in pasteurized process cheese. Upreti P, Mistry VV, Warthesen JJ. J Dairy Sci. 2002 Dec;85(12):3173-81. PMID: 12512590 The objective of this study was to develop methods for the estimation and fortification of vitamin D3 in pasteurized Process cheese. Vitamin D3 was estimated using alkaline saponification at 70°C for 30 min, followed by extraction with petroleum ether:diethyl ether (90:10 vol/vol) and HPLC. The retention time for vitamin D3 was approximately 9 min. A standard curve with a correlation coefficient of 0.972 was prepared for quantification of vitamin D3 in unknown samples. In the second phase of the study, pasteurized Process cheeses fortified with commercial water- or fat-dispersible forms of vitamin D3 at a level of 100 IU per serving (28 g) were manufactured. There was no loss of vitamin D3 during Process cheese manufacture, and the vitamin was uniformly distributed. No losses of the vitamin occurred during storage of the fortified cheeses over a 9-mo period at 21 to 29°C and 4 to 6°C. There was an approximately 25 to 30% loss of the vitamin when cheeses were heated for 5 min in an oven maintained at 232°C. Added vitamin D3 did not impart any off flavors to the Process cheeses as determined by sensory analysis. There were no differences between the water- and fat-dispersible forms of the vitamin in the parameters measured in fortified cheeses
Matti Narkia

The Bioavailability of Vitamin D from Fortified Cheeses and Supplements Is Equivalent i... - 0 views

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    The bioavailability of vitamin D from fortified cheeses and supplements is equivalent in adults. Wagner D, Sidhom G, Whiting SJ, Rousseau D, Vieth R. J Nutr. 2008 Jul;138(7):1365-71. PMID: 18567762 Compared with baseline, serum parathyroid hormone decreased with both fortification (P = 0.003) and supplementation (P = 0.012). These data demonstrate that vitamin D is equally bioavailable from fortified hard cheeses and supplements, making cheese suitable for vitamin D fortification.
Matti Narkia

Differences in vitamin D status between countries in young adults and the elderly - 0 views

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    Differences in vitamin D status between countries in young adults and the elderly. McKenna MJ. Am J Med. 1992 Jul;93(1):69-77. PMID: 1385673 PURPOSE: To compare vitamin D status between countries in young adults and in the elderly. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Reports on vitamin D status (as assessed by serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D) from 1971 to 1990 were reviewed. Studies were grouped according to geographic regions: North America (including Canada and the United States); Scandinavia (including Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden); and Central and Western Europe (including Belgium, France, Germany, Ireland, The Netherlands, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom). RESULTS: Vitamin D status varies with the season in young adults and in the elderly, and is lower during the winter in Europe than in both North America and Scandinavia. Oral vitamin D intake is lower in Europe than in both North America and Scandinavia. Hypovitaminosis D and related abnormalities in bone chemistry are most common in elderly residents in Europe but are reported in all elderly populations. CONCLUSIONS: The vitamin D status in young adults and the elderly varies widely with the country of residence. Adequate exposure to summer sunlight is the essential means to ample supply, but oral intake augmented by both fortification and supplementation is necessary to maintain baseline stores. All countries should adopt a fortification policy. It seems likely that the elderly would benefit additionally from a daily supplement of 10 micrograms of vitamin D.
Matti Narkia

Vitamin D fortification as public health policy: significant improvement in vitamin D s... - 0 views

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    Vitamin D fortification as public health policy: significant improvement in vitamin D status in young Finnish men. Laaksi IT, Ruohola JP, Ylikomi TJ, Auvinen A, Haataja RI, Pihlajamäki HK, Tuohimaa PJ. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2006 Aug;60(8):1035-8. Epub 2006 Feb 15. PMID: 16482069
Matti Narkia

Strategies to Improve Vitamin D Status in Northern European Children: Exploring the Mer... - 0 views

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    Strategies to improve vitamin D status in northern European children: exploring the merits of vitamin D fortification and supplementation. Tylavsky FA, Cheng S, Lyytikäinen A, Viljakainen H, Lamberg-Allardt C. J Nutr. 2006 Apr;136(4):1130-4. PMID: 16549494
Matti Narkia

Development of a model for optimal food fortification: vitamin D among adults in Finlan... - 0 views

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    Development of a model for optimal food fortification: vitamin D among adults in Finland. Hirvonen T, Sinkko H, Valsta L, Hannila ML, Pietinen P. Eur J Nutr. 2007 Aug;46(5):264-70. Epub 2007 May 18. PMID: 17514377
Matti Narkia

Vitamin D fortification of milk products does not resolve hypovitaminosis D in young Fi... - 0 views

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    Vitamin D fortification of milk products does not resolve hypovitaminosis D in young Finnish men. Välimäki VV, Löyttyniemi E, Välimäki MJ. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2007 Apr;61(4):493-7. Epub 2006 Nov 29. PMID: 17136043 doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602550
Matti Narkia

Vitamin D and living in northern latitudes--an endemic risk area for vitamin D deficien... - 0 views

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    Vitamin D and living in northern latitudes--an endemic risk area for vitamin D deficiency. Huotari A, Herzig KH. Int J Circumpolar Health. 2008 Jun;67(2-3):164-78. Review. PMID: 18767337 CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin D plays a fundamental role in calcium and phosphate homeostasis. A deficiency of vitamin D has been attributed to several diseases. Since its production in the skin depends on exposure to UVB-radiation via the sunlight, the level of vitamin D is of crucial importance for the health of inhabitants who live in the Nordic latitudes where there is diminished exposure to sunlight during the winter season. Therefore, fortification or supplementation of vitamin D is necessary for most of the people living in the northern latitudes during the winter season to maintain adequate levels of circulating 25(OH)D3 to maintain optimal body function and prevent diseases.
Matti Narkia

Bread Fortified with Cholecalciferol Increases the Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrat... - 0 views

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    Bread fortified with cholecalciferol increases the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration in women as effectively as a cholecalciferol supplement. Natri AM, Salo P, Vikstedt T, Palssa A, Huttunen M, Kärkkäinen MU, Salovaara H, Piironen V, Jakobsen J, Lamberg-Allardt CJ. J Nutr. 2006 Jan;136(1):123-7. PMID: 16365070 Both fortified breads increased serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration as effectively as the cholecalciferol supplement. Supplementation or fortification did not affect serum intact parathyroid hormone concentration or urinary calcium excretion. In conclusion, fortified bread is a safe and feasible way to improve vitamin D nutrition.
Matti Narkia

Geographic variation of prostate cancer mortality rates in the United States: Implicati... - 0 views

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    Geographic variation of prostate cancer mortality rates in the United States: Implications for prostate cancer risk related to vitamin D. Grant WB. Int J Cancer. 2004 Sep 1;111(3):470-1; author reply 472. No abstract available. PMID: 15221981 10.1002/ijc.20220 The implications of our results and those of Tuohimaa et al.[1] include the following. Vitamin D supplementation should be undertaken in wintertime, a period when it is impossible to produce vitamin D by solar UVB exposure in northeastern states.[13] Given these new results, the optimal vitamin D intake and production and serum 25(OH)-vitamin D3 levels for prostate cancer appear to be lower than for other cancers. However, when developing guidelines for vitamin D fortification, many factors should be included in the analysis, including all of the potential health benefits and possible risks of vitamin D, as well as age, sex, residence, child-bearing status, etc.[14] Also, the suggestion that daily vitamin D3 supplement doses of 100 g (4,000 IU)/day are safe[15] should be reexamined. Finally, in terms of preventing prostate cancer, more attention should be given to diet, which has the greatest environmental impact on risk of prostate cancer, with animal products being important risk factors and vegetable products, especially onions and other allium family members, being important risk-reduction factors.[16]
Matti Narkia

Hypovitaminosis D in British adults at age 45 y: nationwide cohort study of d... - 0 views

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    Hypovitaminosis D in British adults at age 45 y: nationwide cohort study of dietary and lifestyle predictors. Hyppönen E, Power C. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 Mar;85(3):860-8. PMID: 17344510 Conclusion: Prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in the general population was alarmingly high during the winter and spring, which warrants action at a population level rather than at a risk group level. Data from the 1958 birth cohort suggest that, at different cutoffs for hypovitaminosis D, a substantial public health problem exists in British whites. Obese participants and those living in Scotland were at the highest risk of hypovitaminosis D. However, the prevalence in the general population was very high during the winter and spring, which suggests that, to improve the situation, action is required at a population level rather than at a risk-group level. In the United States, calls have gone out for an increase in vitamin D fortification of foods (11), and the data from the current study suggest that such action is also warranted in the United Kingdom. Vitamin D is currently available without prescription as a dietary supplement only as part of cod liver oil or multivitamin products; hence, a need clearly exists to consider increased availability of over-the-counter supplements. Hypovitaminosis D has been implicated in the development of serious conditions, including diabetes, various types of cancer, and cardiovascular diseases, in addition to its essential role in maintaining bone health (1, 2). The high rates of hypovitaminosis D reported in this study suggest that immediate action is needed to improve the vitamin D status of the British population.
Matti Narkia

Association between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and bone stress fractures in Finnish y... - 0 views

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    Association between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and bone stress fractures in Finnish young men. Ruohola JP, Laaksi I, Ylikomi T, Haataja R, Mattila VM, Sahi T, Tuohimaa P, Pihlajamäki H. J Bone Miner Res. 2006 Sep;21(9):1483-8. doi: 10.1359/jbmr.060607 Conclusions: A lower level of serum 25(OH)D concentration may be a generally predisposing element for bone stress fractures. Considering the obvious need of additional vitamin D in prevention of stress fractures, the effects of vitamin D fortification of foods and supplementation will be subjects of interest for future research PMID: 16939407
Matti Narkia

Prevalence of Vitamin D Insufficiency in Brazilian Adolescents - 0 views

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    Prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency in Brazilian adolescents. Peters BS, dos Santos LC, Fisberg M, Wood RJ, Martini LA. Ann Nutr Metab. 2009;54(1):15-21. Epub 2009 Feb 5. PMID: 19194104 DOI: 10.1159/000199454 CONCLUSIONS: The present study suggests that even in a sunny climate like Brazil the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency in adolescents is high. Most likely this is due to low intakes of vitamin D in this group. Due to the limited extent of natural dietary sources of vitamin D, a policy of vitamin D food fortification should be considered in the future, and in the meantime greater use of vitamin D supplements in this population group should be encouraged to provide the increased amounts of this essential nutrient for optimal health.
Matti Narkia

Vitamin D deficiency and bone health in healthy adults in Finland: could this be a conc... - 0 views

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    Vitamin D deficiency and bone health in healthy adults in Finland: could this be a concern in other parts of Europe? Lamberg-Allardt CJ, Outila TA, Kärkkainen MU, Rita HJ, Valsta LM. J Bone Miner Res. 2001 Nov;16(11):2066-73. PMID: 11697803 Low vitamin D status was prevalent in these young adults in northern Europe in winter, although the vitamin D intake met the recommendation. This probably is not a local problem for northern Europe, because the natural sources of vitamin D are scarce and fortification is not very common in Europe, and with the exception of the southern part of Europe, sunshine is not very abundant in this part of the world. Thus, the results of this study indicate that more attention should be focused on vitamin D status and the sources of vitamin D in these countries.
Matti Narkia

COMMITTEE ON NUTRITION: THE PROPHYLACTIC REQUIREMENT AND THE TOXICITY OF VITAMIN D -- C... - 0 views

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    Despite inadequacies in information concerning the minimum prophylactic requirement of vitamin D for all age groups beyond infancy, there is no doubt that a total intake of 400 I.U. per day is adequate to prevent vitamin D deficiency in substantially all normal children from birth through adolescence. Evidence derived from the study of idiopathic hypercalcemia suggests that certain infants excessively sensitive to the toxic action of vitamin D may, on rare occasions, be adversely affected by daily intakes of 3,000 to 4,000 I.U. and sometimes considerably less. Because of the prevalent practice of food fortification in the United States and Canada, there is now a definite possibility that the individual, even the young infant, may ingest considerably more than the recommended vitamin D allowance, and intakes of 2,000 to 3,500 I.U. per day are possible, particularly beyond infancy. Although there has been no specific evidence that intakes of this order produce deleterious effects beyond infancy, it is pointed out that the long-term consequences of this new nutritional situation on older children or adults are entirely unknown.
Matti Narkia

Hypovitaminosis D in an Italian population of healthy subjects and hospitalized patient... - 0 views

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    Hypovitaminosis D in an Italian population of healthy subjects and hospitalized patients. Romagnoli E, Caravella P, Scarnecchia L, Martinez P, Minisola S. Br J Nutr. 1999 Feb;81(2):133-7. PMID: 10450331 The results of the present study emphasize the importance of 25-hydroxyvitamin D measurement, and the need to increase vitamin D intake in Italy; foodstuff fortification and supplement use must be considered in order to prevent negative effects of vitamin D deficiency on skeletal integrity. All hospitalized patients, both in summer and in winter, are characterized by the highest prevalence of hypovitaminosis D, especially the older patients. Medical inpatients may be at risk for vitamin D deficiency,
Matti Narkia

An outbreak of hypervitaminosis D associated with the overfortification of milk from a ... - 0 views

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    An outbreak of hypervitaminosis D associated with the overfortification of milk from a home-delivery dairy. Blank S, Scanlon KS, Sinks TH, Lett S, Falk H. Am J Public Health. 1995 May;85(5):656-9. PMID: 7733425
Matti Narkia

Long-term effects of giving nursing home residents bread fortified with 125 microg (500... - 0 views

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    Long-term effects of giving nursing home residents bread fortified with 125 microg (5000 IU) vitamin D(3) per daily serving. Mocanu V, Stitt PA, Costan AR, Voroniuc O, Zbranca E, Luca V, Vieth R. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009 Apr;89(4):1132-7. Epub 2009 Feb 25. PMID: 19244376 doi:10.3945/ajcn.2008.26890
Matti Narkia

An outbreak of hypervitaminosis D associated with the overfortification of milk from a ... - 0 views

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    Blank S, Scanlon KS, Sinks TH, Lett S, Falk H. An outbreak of hypervitaminosis D associated with the overfortification of milk from a home-delivery dairy. Am J Public Health. 1995 May;85(5):656-9. PMID: 7733425 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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