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Nathan Goodyear

Weight changes, sodium levels, and performance in the South African... - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...12466696

endurance athletes Ironman triathlon sodium body weight

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 27 Jan 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 27 Jan 15
     
    Body weight post race was inversely associated with serum sodium i.e.  less weight loss was associated with lower serum sodium.  Body weight loss was unrelated to marathon time.
Nathan Goodyear

Intravenous Fluid Use in Athletes - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3435915

IV intravenous fluid nutrition athletes athlete sports medicine sports exercise

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 13 Jan 15 - No Cached
  • Treatment of exercise-associated hyponatremia with hypertonic IV infusion to correct plasma sodium levels is also a standard and accepted use of IV fluid infusions
  • athletes who present for medical care with hypernatremia who cannot tolerate oral fluids can benefit from IV fluids
  • Vaporization of sweat accounts for 80% of heat loss in hot, dry atmospheric conditions. This mechanism of water loss is the major contributor for exercise-associated dehydration
  • ...30 more annotations...
  • The rate of water loss can be quantified through measurement of sweat rate
  • Pre- and postexercise body weight measurements are the most common means to estimate overall water loss but are condition specific
  • It appears that 1% to 2% body weight loss is well tolerated by the exercising athlete
  • Dehydration, defined as greater than 2% loss of body weight, can negatively affect performance
  • In highly trained endurance athletes, plasma volume and sodium serum concentration were preserved despite a 5% body weight loss
  • In Ironman triathletes, dehydration to 5% body weight loss did not correlate with occurrence of medical complications
  • hydration should begin hours prior to exercise, especially if known deficits are present, and fluids should be consumed at a slow, steady rate, with 5 to 7 mL/kg taken 4 hours prior to exercise
  • Sodium concentration did not produce significant changes in the rate of absorption but was primarily dependent on carbohydrate concentration
  • Replacing 150% of body weight loss over 60 minutes has been tolerated without complications
  • IV treatment of severe dehydration (>7% body weight loss), exertional heat illness, nausea, emesis, or diarrhea, and in those who cannot ingest oral fluids for other reasons, is clinically indicated
  • A recent survey of the National Football League teams revealed that 75% (24 of 32) of the teams utilized IV infusion of fluids for prehydration in at least some otherwise healthy individuals
  • In the National Football League, an average of 1.5 L of normal saline was administered approximately 2.5 hours prior to competition
  • after 2 hours of exercise, the rectal temperature was 0.6° higher in the group not receiving IV infusion. Also, stroke volume and cardiac output were 11% to 16% lower in the control group versus the IV infusion group.
  • Recent evidence suggests the etiology of EAMC is related to muscle fatigue and neuronal excitability
  • no correlation between hydration status or electrolyte concentrations with EAMC
  • there may be a subset of muscle cramping that is associated with a loss of both body fluid and sodium
  • Glycerol is the primary agent for oral hyperhydration
  • elevation of plasma volume by 200 to 300 mL via dextran infusion resulted in 15% increase in stroke volume, 4% increase in VO2 max, and an increase in the exercise time to fatigue
  • Neither the tonicity nor mode of hydration resulted in improved speed of rehydration, greater fluid retention, or improved performance
  • There are beneficial anecdotal reports of EAMC treatment in elite and professional-level athletes with IV hydration during the course of an event
  • Plasma volume was better restored during rehydration with IV fluids at preexercise and 5 minutes of exercise. At 15 minutes, there was no difference between IV and oral rehydration
  • More rapid restoration of plasma volume was accomplished in the IV treatment group with no advantages over oral rehydration in physiological strain, heat tolerance, ratings of perceived effort, or thermal sensations
  • No difference was found in exercise time to exhaustion. IV and oral rehydration methods were equally effective. Heart rates were statistically higher in the oral rehydration group through 75 minutes of exercise, and there were higher increases in norepinephrine plasma concentrations
  • No significant differences between the groups were found for time to recovery, number of days with pain, number of days with stiffness, sleep disturbance, fatigue, rectal temperature, and loss of appetite
  • The current data suggest that IV rehydration is faster than oral
  • There may be physiological benefits of decreased heart rate and norepinephrine in athletes rehydrated via IV route
  • Postexercise blood 1 hour and 24 hours showed no differences in circulating myoglobin or creatine kinase
  • The use of IV fluid may be beneficial for a subset of fluid sensitive athletes
  • this should be reserved for high-level athletes with strong histories of symptoms in well-monitored settings.
  • Volume expanders may also be beneficial for some athletes
  • Nathan Goodyear on 13 Jan 15
     
    to be read
ashleyobama

Nembutal Liquid | pills nembutal |Nembutal Liquid | - 0 views

www.roidsmeds.com/...nembutal-liquid

shared by ashleyobama on 28 May 20 - No Cached
  • ashleyobama on 28 May 20
     
    Nembutal Liquid is best quality and prices at First Trust Chemicals. Visit our website and place your order online. Nembutal Liquid Pentobarbital (trade name: Nembutal) is a drug from the barbiturate class. It was widely used during the 1940s and 1950s as a sleeping pill (i.e. hypnotic) or anti-anxiety drug (i.e. sedative). Unlike modern sleeping pills, Nembutal is highly lethal in overdose. Because it is very reliable and brings about peaceful death, it is one of drugs of choice for assisted suicide. Nembutal is used by euthanasia organizations in the United States (Oregon Death With Dignity Act), Switzerland (Dignitas) and The Netherlands. Nembutal Liquid Since it was so easy to overdose on Nembutal (whether accidentally or intentionally), it was almost universally taken off the market and replaced by safer sleeping pills. Nembutal was removed from the Australian prescribing schedule in 1998. However, Nembutal remains in use by veterinary surgeons in order to euthanase bigger animals. Many people were successful in obtaining veterinary Nembutal for their suicide. The famous American actress Marilyn Monroe supposedly used Nembutal to end her life. The brand name "Nembutal" was coined by Dr. John S. Lundy, who started using it in 1930, from the structural formula of the sodium salt-Na (sodium) + ethyl + methyl + butyl + al (common suffix for barbiturates). Nembutal is trademarked and manufactured by the Danish pharmaceutical company Lundbeck
Nathan Goodyear

Acute severe hypothyroidism is not associated with hyponatremia even with increased water intake: a prospective study in thyroid cancer patients | BMC Endocrine Disorders | Full Text - 0 views

bmcendocrdisord.biomedcentral.com/...1472-6823-13-27

hypothyroid hypothyroidism hyponatremia sodium cancer

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 23 May 16 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 23 May 16
     
    study finds severe hypothyroidism that is abrupt is not associated with low sodium.
Nathan Goodyear

Combined creatine and sodium bicarbonate... [J Strength Cond Res. 2004] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...15142001

creatine swim swimming sports performance

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 27 Jan 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 27 Jan 14
     
    In this study, creatine + sodium bicarbonate improved time in interval swimming.  All were loaded for 6 days prior to randomization.
Nathan Goodyear

Renin-angiotensin system and cancer: A review - 0 views

www.oatext.com/system-and-cancer-A-review.php

renin angiotensin system cancer

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 10 Sep 18 - No Cached
  • crucial role of the RAS in the development and maintenance of cancer
  • kidneys, which produce renin in response to decreased arterial pressure, reduced sodium in the distal tubule, or sympathetic nervous system activity via the β-adrenergic receptors
  • Renin is secreted from the juxtaglomerular cells into the bloodstream where it encounters angiotensinogen (AGN), normally produced by the liver
  • ...22 more annotations...
  • Renin catalyses the conversion of AGN to angiotensin I (ATI), which is quickly cleaved by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) to form angiotensin II (ATII)
  • ATII triggers the release of aldosterone from the adrenal glands, which stimulates reabsorption of sodium and water and thereby increases blood volume and blood pressure
  • ATII also acts on smooth muscle to cause vasoconstriction of the arterioles
  • ATII promotes the release of antidiuretic hormone from the posterior pituitary gland, which results in water retention and triggers the thirst reflex
  • ability of non-CSCs to ‘de-differentiate’ into CSCs due to epigenetic or environmental factors, which further increases the complexity of tumour biology and treatment
  • efficacy of RAS modulators on cancer in both cancer models and cancer patients
  • A localised (‘paracrine’) RAS mechanism has been identified in many types of cancers, and interruption of the control of the RAS is thought to be the basis for its role in cancer
  • Components of the RAS are expressed by these CSCs, supporting the hypothesis of the presence of a ‘paracrine RAS’ in regulating these CSCs
  • Renin is an enzyme normally released by the kidneys in response to falling arterial pressure
  • a study of GBM demonstrating overexpression of PRR coupled with the observation that inhibition of renin reduces cellular proliferation and promotes apoptosis
  • PRR has been found to be vital for normal Wnt signalling
  • A major focus of PRR research is its relationship with Wnt signalling
  • suggest a crucial role for PRR activation on the proliferation of CSCs, possibly via Wnt/β-catenin signalling, leading to carcinogenesis.
  • Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), also known as CD143, is the endothelial-bound peptidase which physiologically converts ATI to ATII
  • ACE is crucial in the regulation of blood pressure, angiogenesis and inflammation
  • results suggest that an overactive ACE promotes cancer growth and progression, and an inhibited or low-activity ACE may have cancer-protective effects
  • When bound to ATII or ATIII it causes vasoconstriction by stimulating the release of vasopressin, reabsorption of water and sodium by promoting secretion of aldosterone and insulin, fibrosis, cellular growth and migration, pro-inflammation, glucose release from the liver, increased plasma triglyceride concentration, and reduced gluconeogenesis
  • ATIIR1 is a G-protein-coupled receptor, with downstream signalling involved in vasodilation, hypertrophy and NF-κB activation leading to TNF-α and PAI-1 expression
  • ATIIR1 has well-documented links with cancer, with one study demonstrating its overexpression in ~20% of breast cancer patients
  • the effect of RAS dysregulation has been associated with increased VEGF expression and angiogenesis in cancers
  • In ovarian and cervical cancer, ATIIR1 overexpression has been shown to be an indicator of tumour invasiveness
  • administration of ATIIR1 blockers (ARBs) have been associated with reduced tumour size, reduction in tumour vascularisation, lower occurrence of metastases, and lower VEGF levels
  • Nathan Goodyear on 10 Sep 18
     
    Great review on RAS in cancer.
Nathan Goodyear

SVCT1 and SVCT2: key proteins for vitamin C uptake. - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...17541511

SVCTs SVCT "sodium-ascorbate co-transporters " "vitamin C"

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 25 Jan 19 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 25 Jan 19
     
    Good review of sodium ascorbate co-transporters SVCT.
Nathan Goodyear

Secondary Adrenal Insufficiency: An Overlooked Cause of Hyponatremia - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC4330026

adrenal insufficiency hyponatraemia sodium ADH cortisol CRH ACTH

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 25 Sep 17 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 25 Sep 17
     
    Good case review of secondary adrenal insufficiency.  A common cause of low sodium and needs to be considered in elderly patients.  Also, low cortisol is associated with increased ADH.  In the case of adrenal insufficiency, the negative feed back of cortisol to the HPA is lost and recreation of CRH, which is an ADH secretagogue, will increase ADH secretion.
Nathan Goodyear

Iodine stimulates estrogen receptor singling and its systemic level is increased in surgical patients due to topical absorption - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC5787473

"Breast cancer" iodine cancer ER alpha ER-alpha "thyroid

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 09 Jan 19 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 09 Jan 19
     
    Iodine increases ERalpha in secondary to sodium iodide symporter in breast cancer.
herbnclay

How To Detox With Bentonite Clay | Bentonite Clay Detox - 0 views

www.herbnclay.com/...bentonite-clay-detox

calcium bentonite clay calcium Bentonite Clay detox detox clay powder detox drink

shared by herbnclay on 23 Mar 18 - No Cached
  • herbnclay on 23 Mar 18
     
    Bentonite clay is also known as Healing Clay which has a high concentration of minerals including silica, calcium, magnesium, sodium, iron, and potassium. You can even drink or eat calcium bentonite clay to receive all of its fantastic health benefits. Learn how to detox with bentonite clay.
Nathan Goodyear

Ability of curcuminoid compared to diclofenac sodium in reducing the secretion of cycloxygenase-2 enzyme by synovial fluid's monocytes of patients with osteoarthritis - 0 views

www.inaactamedica.org/...22745140.pdf

curcumin OA osteoarthritis inflammation

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 01 Feb 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 01 Feb 13
     
    curcumin shown to be equivalent to diclofenac in reducing inflammation associated with osteoarthritis
Nathan Goodyear

Hyponatremia and the Thyroid: Causality or Association? - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC4470237

hypothyroid hypothyroidism hyponatremia sodium thyroid

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 23 May 16 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 23 May 16
     
    hypothyroidism and hyponatremia is a rare finding; more commonly associated with severe hypothyroidism.  Co-exisitng medical complications need to be considered.
Nathan Goodyear

Hyponatremia and Hypernatremia in the Elderly - American Family Physician - 0 views

www.aafp.org/...p3623.html

hyponatremia hypernatremia sodium

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 15 Aug 16 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 15 Aug 16
     
    good review, though dated, of hyponatremia and hypernatremia in elderly.
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