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Nathan Goodyear

How regulatory T cells work - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC2665249

T regulatory cells T reg T regulatory cells T-reg immune system inflammation

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 23 Jul 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 23 Jul 13
     
    T reg  cells are the primary regulators of the immune system signaling.
Nathan Goodyear

Vitamin D-mediated immune regulation in multipl... [J Neurol Sci. 2011] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...21723567

vitamin D vitamin D MS multiple sclerosis T reg T-reg

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 12 Aug 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 12 Aug 13
     
    Vitamin D's immunomodulating role is an important tool in those with MS. Particularily, it increases T reg cells.
Nathan Goodyear

The imbalance between regulatory and IL-17-se... [Clin Rheumatol. 2010] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...20563617

T reg Th17 cells Lupus SLE autoimmune disease inflammation

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 31 Jul 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 31 Jul 13
     
    Balance of T reg cells and Th17 cells plays a role in active versus inactive Lupus.
Nathan Goodyear

Immunomodulatory effects of Vitamin D in multiple sclerosis - 0 views

brain.oxfordjournals.org/...1146.long

Vitamin D MS multiple Sclerosis multiple sclerosis Th17 T reg T-reg

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 12 Aug 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 12 Aug 13
     
    Vitamin D has an important immunomodulating role in MS.  Vitamin D increases Treg cells and decreases IL-6, but more importantly IL-17.
Nathan Goodyear

The Contribution of Cytotoxic Chemotherapy to 5-year Survival in Adult Malignancies | C... - 0 views

www.scribd.com/...Survival-in-Adult-Malignancies

chemotherapy cancer

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 15 May 18 - No Cached
  • In this group, the 5-year survivalrateduesolelytocytotoxicchemotherapywas14%
  • There is also no convincing evidence that usingregimens with newer and more expensive drugs are anymore beneficial than the regimens used in the 1970s
  • two systematic reviews of chemotherapy inrecurrent or metastatic breast cancer have not been able toshow any survival benefit
  • ...12 more annotations...
  • The five most common adult malignancies (colorectal, breast, prostate, melanoma and lung cancer)
  • n breast cancer, the optimal regimen(s) for cytotoxicchemotherapy in recurrent/metastatic disease are still notdefined, despite over 30 years of ‘research’ and a plethora of RCTs since the original Cooper regimen was published in1969
  • The five most ‘chemo-sensitive’ cancers,namely testis, Hodgkin’s disease and non-Hodgkin’s lym- phoma, cervix and ovary
  • only 13 out of the 22 malignancies evaluated showed any improvement in 5-year survival, and theimprovement was greater than 10% in only three of those13 malignancies
  • the contribution of curative and adjuvant cytotoxic chemotherapy to 5-year survival in adults is 2.3% in Australia and 2.1% in the USA
  • a benefit of less than 2.5% is likely to be applicable in other developed countries
  •   Overview The Contribution o
  • the benefit of cytotoxic chemotherapy may have been overestimated for cancers of oesophagus, stomach,rectum and brain.
  • this reflects the presentation of results as a ‘reduction in risk’ rather than asan absolute survival benefit[89,90]and by exaggerating theresponse rates by including ‘stable disease’
  • recent studies have documented impaired cognitive function inwomen receiving adjuvant treatment for breast cancer
  • the 5-year survival rate due solely to cytotoxicchemotherapy was 1.6%
  • the value of palliative chemotherapy has beenquestioned
  • Nathan Goodyear on 15 May 18
     
    Incredibly low impact of cytotoxic chemotherapy despite its wide spread utilization.  This article referenced cost yet did not evaluate the cost of cytotoxic side effect.  The question to answer: is Cytotoxic chemotherapy a valid treatment, at all, for the majority of cancers.
Nathan Goodyear

Immunosuppressive Myeloid Cells Induced by Chemotherapy Attenuate Antitumor CD4+ T-Cell... - 0 views

cancerres.aacrjournals.org/...3441

MDSC chemotherapy myeloid-derived suppressor cells

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 15 Nov 20 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 15 Nov 20
     
    This study points to the increase in immunosuppression as a result of chemotherapy induced increase in MDSCs and T reg. This effect is dose dependent.
Nathan Goodyear

Treg and lupus -- Bonelli et al. 69 (Suppl 1): i65 -- Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases - 0 views

ard.bmj.com/...i65.abstract

T reg Lupus autoimmune disease inflammation

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 31 Jul 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 31 Jul 13
     
    Just the abstract available.  Lupus disease found to have low Treg cells.  This would be a proposed mechanism of lost in peripheral tolerance.
Nathan Goodyear

Restoration of regulatory and effector T cell balance and B cell homeostasis in systemi... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3580532

vitamin d vitamin D T reg Th17 inflammation autoimmune disease lupus SLE

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 31 Jul 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 31 Jul 13
     
    Vitamin D support provides benefit in those with Lupus.  The proposed mechanism is through the balance of Treg cells and Th17 cells.  This imbalance plays a role in the etiology of autoimmune disease and those with autoimmune disease, such as in Lupus, frequently have low vitamin D levels.
Nathan Goodyear

Th17 and natural Treg cell population dynami... [Arthritis Rheum. 2009] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...19404966

Th17 T reg inflammation Lupus SLE autoimmune disease

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 31 Jul 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 31 Jul 13
     
    Increase in Th17 cells and decrease in Treg cells is the hallmark inflammatory imbalance in Lupus.
Nathan Goodyear

Diet-Induced Dysbiosis of the Intestinal Microbiota and the Effects on Immunity and Dis... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3448089

dysbiosis diet nutrition metabolic endotoxemia disease inflammation gut

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 27 Jul 14 - No Cached
  • The gut microbiota participates in the body’s metabolism by affecting energy balance, glucose metabolism, and low-grade inflammation associated with obesity and related metabolic disorders
  • Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes represent the two largest phyla in the human and mouse microbiota and a shift in the ratio of these phyla has been associated with many disease conditions, including obesity
  • In obese humans, there is decreased abundance of Bacteroidetes compared to lean individuals
  • ...21 more annotations...
  • weight loss in obese individuals results in an increase in the abundance of Bacteroidetes
  • there is conflicting evidence on the composition of the obese microbiota phenotype with regards to Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes ratios
  • Bifidobacteria spp. from the phyla Actinobacteria, has been shown to be depleted in both obese mice and human subjects
  • While it is not yet clear which specific microbes are inducing or preventing obesity, evidence suggests that the microbiota is a factor.
  • targeted manipulation of the microbiota results in divergent metabolic outcomes depending on the composition of the diet
  • The microbiota has been linked to insulin resistance or type 2 diabetes (T2D) via metabolic syndrome and indeed the microbiota of individuals with T2D is also characterized by an increased Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio, as well as an increase in Bacillus and Lactobacillus spp
  • It was also observed that the ratio of Bacteriodes-Prevotella to C. coccoides-E. rectale positively correlated with glucose levels but did not correlate with body mass index [80]. This suggests that the microbiota may influence T2D in conjunction with or independently of obesity
  • In humans, high-fat Western-style diets fed to individuals over one month can induce a 71% increase in plasma levels of endotoxins, suggesting that endotoxemia may develop in individuals with GI barrier dyfunction connected to dysbiosis
  • LPS increases macrophage infiltration essential for systemic inflammation preceding insulin resistance, LPS alone does not impair glucose metabolism
  • early treatment of dysbiosis may slow down or prevent the epidemic of metabolic diseases and hence the corresponding lethal cardiovascular consequences
  • increased Firmicutes and decreased Bacteroidetes, which is the microbial profile found in lean phenotypes, along with an increase in Bifidobacteria spp. and Lactobacillus spp
  • mouse and rat models of T1D have been shown to have microbiota marked by decreased diversity and decreased Lactobacillus spp., as well as a decrease in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio
  • microbial antigens through the innate immune system are involved in T1D progression
  • The microbiota appears to be essential in maintaining the Th17/Treg cell balance in intestinal tissues, mesenteric and pancreatic lymph nodes, and in developing insulitis, although progression to overt diabetes has not been shown to be controlled by the microbiota
  • There is evidence that dietary and microbial antigens independently influence T1D
  • Lactobacillus johnsonii N6.2 protects BB-rats from T1D by mediating intestinal barrier function and inflammation [101,102] and a combination probiotic VSL#3 has been shown to attenuate insulitis and diabetes in NOD mice
  • breast fed infants have higher levels of Bifidobacteria spp. while formula fed infants have higher levels of Bacteroides spp., as well as increased Clostridium coccoides and Lactobacillus spp
  • the composition of the gut microbiota strongly correlates with diet
  • In mice fed a diet high in fat, there are many key gut population changes, such as the absence of gut barrier-protecting Bifidobacteria spp
  • diet has a dominating role in shaping gut microbiota and changing key populations may transform healthy gut microbiota into a disease-inducing entity
  • “Western” diet, which is high in sugar and fat, causes dysbiosis which affects both host GI tract metabolism and immune homeostasis
  • Nathan Goodyear on 27 Jul 14
     
    Nice discussion of how diet, induces gut bacterial change, that leads to metabolic endotoxemia and disease.
spicesboard

Indian Delegate Registration-International Spice Conference 2016 - 0 views

www.internationalspiceconference.com/indian-dele-reg.html

shared by spicesboard on 30 Sep 15 - No Cached
  • spicesboard on 30 Sep 15
     
    Witness the world of spices converges to one global platform, at the International Spice Conference 2016.Indian delegate registration, online registration for Indian
Nathan Goodyear

Journal of Clinical Investigation -- A peripheral circulating compartment of natural na... - 0 views

www.jci.org/23963

T reg cells CD4 CD25 immune system

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 01 Jul 11 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 01 Jul 11
     
    in depth discussion of Treg cells. Treg cells help keep T cells, of the immune system, in check
Nathan Goodyear

Exposure to Bisphenol A Prenatally or in Adulthood Promotes TH2 Cytokine Production Ass... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC2290985

BPA plastics endocrine disruptor immune T reg cells

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 01 Jul 11 - No Cached
  • BPA promotes the development of TH2 cells in adulthood and both TH1 and TH2 cells in prenatal stages by reducing the number of regulatory T cells.
  • Bisphenol A (BPA), an estrogenic endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC
  • BPA is one of the most widespread EDCs.
  • ...12 more annotations...
  • BPA antagonizes the actions of thyroid hormone
  • Prenatal exposure to BPA has been shown to alter a variety of reproductive endocrine parameters, such as testosterone and luteinizing hormone levels
  • arly onset of sexual maturation of female mice
  • imbalanced T-helper (TH)1/TH2 immune responses have been demonstrated on exposure to BPA
  • indicating that BPA exerted its effects by reducing the number of Treg cells.
  • Exposure to BPA by subcutaneous injection in adulthood significantly promoted antigen-stimulated production of IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13 in TH2-skewed
  • BPA can leak from the placenta and accumulate in the fetus
  • We showed that prenatal exposure to BPA increased the production of a TH1 cytokine, IFN-γ, and a TH2 cytokine, IL-4, after the offspring developed, suggesting that prenatal exposure to BPA can induce persistent immunologic effects lasting into adulthood.
  • These results are consistent with a previous report that fetal exposure to BPA augmented TH1 and TH2 immune responses
  • our results clearly demonstrate that the production of TH2 cytokines is promoted by BPA in adult mice and in offspring during developmental exposure.
  • The decrease of Treg cells would predispose to immune dysfunction in aged individuals, explaining their higher risk of immune-mediated diseases, cancer, and infections.
  • BPA might cause these diseases. Thus, avoiding exposure to or promoting the excretion of BPA and other EDCs would help in preventing diseases and adverse health effects.
  • Nathan Goodyear on 01 Jul 11
     
    BPA as endocrine disruptor and as immune disruptor
Nathan Goodyear

Special regulatory T-cell review: suppressors regulated but unsuppressed - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC2433289

T regulatory cells T reg immune system

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 23 Sep 18 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 23 Sep 18
     
    T regulator cell review
Nathan Goodyear

The psychoneuroendocrine-immunotherapy of cancer: Historical evolution and clinical res... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC5426095

cancer melatonin immunotherapy

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 10 May 18 - No Cached
  • It is known that immune system-induced destruction of cancer cells is mainly mediated by T cytotoxic lymphocytes (CD8+) and NK cells (CD16+), respectively, through an antigen-specific and an antigen nonspecific cytotoxicity
  • NK cells are mainly stimulated by IL-2 released by T helper-1 (TH1) lymphocytes (CD4+) while T cytotoxic lymphocytes (CD8+) are namely under a stimulatory control released by IL-12 produced by the dendritic cells
  • On the other hand, the anticancer immunity is inhibited by the activation of the macrophage system through the production of suppressive cytokines, such as IL-6 and T regulatory (T reg) lymphocytes (CD4+CD25+), which counteract the anticancer immunity by producing immunosuppressive cytokines inhibiting the secretion of both IL-2 and IL-12, including TGF-beta and IL-10, or by a direct cell-cell contact
  • Nathan Goodyear on 10 May 18
     
    to be read review of melatonin in cancer treatment.
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