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Nathan Goodyear

Increased heart attacks in men using testosterone: the UK importantly lags far behind t... - 0 views

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    Prescribing levels of Testosterone is lower in the UK versus US.
Nathan Goodyear

Ischaemic heart disease, influenza and influenza vaccination: a prospective case contro... - 0 views

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    In this study, flu vaccine is found to reduce MI risk by 45%.  Now, the take home point here is that those with cardiovascular compromise need to avoid the flu--not, that the flu vaccine by itself reduces the risk. The authors of this study fail to state the low success of the flu vaccine in the prevention of the flu.  They also fail to state the increased inflammation as a result of the vaccine itself.  A better approach would be to use natural therapies i.e.. vitamin D that have been shown to prevent the flu. 
Nathan Goodyear

Sex hormone levels in patients with sudden cardiac arrest - Heart Rhythm - 0 views

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    Study finds increased risk of sudden MI in men with low Testosterone and elevated Estradiol.  In converse, increased risk is associated with elevated Estradiol in women.
Nathan Goodyear

Risk of Myocardial Infarction in Older Men Receiving Testosterone Therapy - 0 views

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    This study appears to fly in the face of the recent studies on the dangers of Testosterone therapy in those with comorbidities.  This study was a retrospective cohort.  The study found that men in the highest risk for MI, had a reduced MI risk with Testosterone therapy.  Men in the lower risk quartiles had no such benefit.  Of note, the frequency of injections suggests inadequate dosing i.e. 4.4 in first year and 8.2 in follow up.  Most injection regimens will require at least monthly injections, though Testosterone pellets were used.  Of special note, no mention of level testing of Testosterone prior to study and/or during study and follow up.
Nathan Goodyear

Acute myocardial infarction and thyroid function: New pathophysiological and therapeuti... - 0 views

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    Thyroid hormone plays significant role in cardiac remodeling after acute myocardial infarction.  Thyroid hormone, particularly T3 as the vast majority of T3 is produced in heart tissue via D1 enzymatic activity, improves cardiac contractility, reduces systemic vascular resistance, reduces cardiac work load, decreases blood pressure, improves cardiac metabolism, and thus improves outcomes post MI.
Nathan Goodyear

Association between increased levels of reverse tr... [Am J Med. 2001] - PubMed result - 0 views

  • CONCLUSION: Determination of reverse T3 levels may be a valuable and simple aid to improve identification of patients with myocardial infarction who are at high risk of subsequent mortality.
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    reverse T3 predictive of increased mortality in people with myocardial infarctions
Nathan Goodyear

Thyroid Replacement Therapy and Heart Failure - 0 views

  • A good biomarker of intracardiac TH signaling would be helpful but has not been identified. In the absence of such a marker, a rational, cautious therapeutic approach might be to restore and maintain over time biochemical euthyroidism as documented by normal circulating levels of TSH, FT4, and FT3.
  • a low-T3 state resulting from altered peripheral TH metabolism secondary to caloric restriction is associated with impaired cardiac contractility
  • Low-T3 syndrome is the central finding and defines the illness in a variety of acute and chronic severe nonthyroidal illnesses with cardiac origin, including MI, HF, and surgically treated cardiac disease.1 Low circulating levels of T3 in the absence of primary thyroid hypofunction have been found in 20% to 30% of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy.
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  • FT3 levels were inversely correlated to coronary artery disease
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    Great review of the current understanding of thyroid hormone metabolism in cardiac tissue.  Low T3 and increased rT3 (via increased D3 activity) is CLEARLY associated with poor cardiac performance and post MI and CHF is associated with poor outcomes.  T3 is critical in cardiac remodeling and recovery post MI.  T3 is actually a vasodilatory in the coronary arteries.   Why a endocrinologist would call rT3 useless only points to their ignorance of the literature.
Nathan Goodyear

Testosterone suppresses ventricular remodeling and improves left ventricular function i... - 0 views

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    Animal model finds that Testosterone improves ventricular remodeling and function following myocardial infarction in male rats.  This similar finding has been found in human studies as well.   Testosterone therapy was found to lower BNP in this rat study.
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Tynor Rib Belt - 0 views

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    Tynor Rib Belt Rib belt is applied to the thoracic and upper abdominal region to compress and bind the rib cage during rib fractures and postoperative care, while allowing sufficient flexibility for comfortable breathing. Extra porous. With splinting pad. No buckling or rolling over. Controlled compression. Tynor Rib Belt Features Light weight and thin construction, does not peep through the clothes improves patient compliance. Extra porous webbing improves ventilation and comfort of the patient. Broad hook and loop tape panel offers better holding and size adjust ability. Optimal compression, tones up abdominal muscles following surgery, CS or delivery. Special nylon reeves prevent rolling over of belt. Tynor Rib Belt Measurements Measure circumference around the chest.
Nathan Goodyear

Study finds testosterone supplementation reduces heart attack risk in men with heart di... - 0 views

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    This is simply a public release prior to publication.  Study found that Testosterone therapy in men with existing CAD did not increased adverse events; in fact, it appeared to decrease the adverse events when compared to that of the non-treatment group.  Study not yet available to read the specific design, stats, and results which would be required to better analyze the actually results.
Nathan Goodyear

The Effect of an EDTA-based Chelation Regimen on Patients With Diabetes Mellitus and Pr... - 0 views

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    Only abstract available here, but EDTA chelation found to reduce risk of death, reinfarction, stroke, hospitalization, angina in individuals with diabetes and prior MI from 38% to 25%.
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buy adderall online at onlinemedzonline .com - 0 views

Adderall is a drug which is composed of two closely related components - amphetamine and dextroamphetamine. The drug mainly contains amphetamine in the percentage of 25% and dextroamphetamine in th...

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Heart Patient Support - 0 views

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    My heart attack is a life changing event. I am always aware of this fact that when I am speaking to a loved one, it could be the last conversation that I have with them. My coronary arteriography present that I have three vessel diseases. Please support me for getting heart treatment.
Nathan Goodyear

Therapeutic hyperthermia: The old, the new, and the upcoming - Critical Reviews in Onco... - 1 views

  • not well understood, but it is felt to be a combination of both heat-induced necrosis and of protein inactivation (e.g., repair enzymes) as opposed to DNA damage
  • alterations in tumor cytoskeletal and membrane structures, which disrupt cell motility and intracellular signal transduction
  • A common explanation for HT-enhancement of RT and CT involves inhibition of homologous recombination repair of double-strand DNA breaks, preventing cells from repairing sub-lethal damage
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  • it does appear to inhibit rejoining of RT-induced DNA breaks more than is commonly observed after RT alone
  • HT damages cells and enhances RT and CT sensitivity as a function of both temperature and duration of treatment
  • as temperature or duration increase, the rate of cell killing also increases
  • At temperatures above 42 °C, tumor vasculature is damaged, resulting in decreased blood flow
  • Cancer cells are particularly vulnerable to heating; in vivo studies have shown that temperatures in the range of 40–44 °C cause more selective damage to tumor cells
  • cancerous blood vessels are chaotic, leaky, and inefficient
  • selective cytotoxic effect on tumor cells include inhibition of key cancer cell-signaling pathways such as AKT, inducing apoptosis, suppression of cancer stem cell proliferation, and others
  • increase in immunological attacks against tumors after HT, which were believed to be achieved through activation of HSPs and subsequent modulation of the innate and adaptive immune responses against tumor cells
  • HT does lead to activation of the immune system and HSP-induced cell death through modification of the tumor cell surface
  • These HSPs and tumor antigens are taken up by dendritic cells and macrophages and go on to induce specific anti-tumor immunity
  • In vivo studies demonstrate HT-enhancement of NK cell activity, and HT has been shown to increase neutrophilic granulocytes with anti-tumor activity
  • it has become increasingly clear that HT results in immune stimulation, through both direct heat-mediated cell killing as well as innate and adaptive immune system modulation
  • The term hyperthermia is used in this review to refer to heating within the clinically accepted range of 40–45 °C
  • temperatures above 42.5–43 °C the exposure time can be halved with each 1 °C increase while maintaining equivalent cell killing
  • gradual heating at 43 °C for 1 h worked through an apoptotic pathway
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    Comprehensive review of hyperthemic therapy.
Nathan Goodyear

Tumor regionalization after surgery: Roles of the tumor microenvironment and neutrophil... - 0 views

  • tumor surgery must be carefully considered because the risk of metastasis could be increased by the surgical procedure.
  • NETosis, which is the process of forming neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs)
  • surgery-induced metastasis
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  • surgery per se can promote cancer metastasis through a series of local and systemic events
  • surgery results in a serious wound that disrupts the structural barrier preventing the outspreading of cancer cells, change the properties of the cancer cells and stromal cells remaining in the tumor microenvironment, or impairs the host defense systems against cancers
    • Nathan Goodyear
       
      Key point; add to presentation on surgery and metastasis
  • After the primary tumor is surgically removed, the metastases can start to grow vigorously via neoangiogenesis because the circulating inhibitors disappear
  • infection and inflammation during the postoperative period have been reported to increase the risk of cancer recurrence in patients
  • Surgeons have long suspected that surgery, even if it is a necessary step in cancer treatment, facilitates cancer metastasis
  • Surgery-induced cancer metastasis has been well established in animal models
  • tumor cell dissemination, tumor-favoring immune responses, and neoangiogenesis
  • the surgical resection of primary tumors is beneficial is controversial
  • CTCs abruptly increase just after surgery
  • Even externally palpitating tumors for diagnosis could increase the numbers of CTCs in skin cancer and breast cancer
  • excessive glucocorticoids negatively modulate immune functions
  • immune surveillance against tumors is considered to be impaired by surgical stress
  • In addition to glucocorticoids, during stimulation of the HPA axis, the catecholamine hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine are released from the adrenal medulla
  • NK cell suppression may be attributed to increased levels of catecholamines as well as glucocorticoids
  • In mice bearing a primary tumor, it was observed that the removal of the primary tumor facilitated the growth of highly vascularized metastases
  • primary tumors may secrete angiogenic inhibitors as well as angiogenic activators
  • second phase of tumor recurrence and metastasis, which are newly acquired events, rather than just outcomes of incomplete treatment.
    • Nathan Goodyear
       
      Another key point
  • double-edged sword
  • HIF-1 in neutrophils plays a critical role in NETosis and bacteria-killing activity
  • neutrophils play various roles in the initiation and progression of cancer
  • NETosis
  • many inflammatory and neoplastic diseases
  • formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which are large extracellular complexes composed of chromatin and cytoplasmic/granular proteins1
  • NETosis has been highlighted as an inflammatory event that promotes cancer metastasis
  • Once activated, neutrophils produce intracellular precursors by using DNA, histones, and granular and cytoplasmic proteins and then spread the mature form of NETs out around themselves
  • A series of these events is called NETosis.
  • neutrophil elastase, myeloperoxidase, cathepsin G, proteinase 3, lactoferrin, gelatinase, lysozyme C, calprotectin, neutrophil defensins, and cathelicidins
  • innate immune response against infection
  • Neutrophils are the most abundant type of granulocytes, comprising 40–70% of all white blood cells
  • two types of NEToses, suicidal (or lytic) NETosis and vital NETosis
  • Suicidal NETosis mainly depends on the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS)
  • Since neutrophils die during this process, it is called suicidal NETosis.
  • vital NETosis
  • vital NETosis occurs independently of ROS production
  • Vital NETosis can be induced by Gram-negative bacteria. LPS
  • NETs are present in a variety of cancers, such as lung cancer, colon cancer, ovarian cancer, and leukemia
  • neutrophils actively undergo NETosis in the tumor microenvironment
  • Hypoxia
  • NETosis plays a pivotal role in noninfectious autoimmune diseases,
  • cytokines
  • tumor-derived proteases
  • tumor exosomes
  • NETosis generally actively progresses in the tumor microenvironment.
  • the proliferative cytokines TGFβ and IL-10 and the angiogenic factor VEGF are representative of neutrophil-derived tissue repair proteins.
  • NETosis is a defense system to protect the body from invading pathogens
  • when neutrophils are excessively stimulated, they produce excess NETs, thereby leading to pathological consequences
  • plasma levels of NETosis markers are elevated after major surgeries
  • local invasion, intravasation into the blood or lymphatic vessels, escape from the immune system, anchoring to capillaries in target organs, extravasation into the organs, transformation from dormant cells to proliferating cells, colonization to micrometastases, and growth to macrometastases
  • NETs promote metastasis at multiple steps
  • NETs loosen the ECM and capillary wall to promote the intravasation of cancer cells
  • NETs and platelets wrap CTCs, which protects them from attack by immune cells and shearing force by blood flow
  • NETs promote the local invasion of cancer cells by degrading the extracellular matrix (ECM)
  • neutrophil elastase, matrix metalloproteinase 9, and cathepsin G
  • NETs also promote the intravasation of cancer cells
  • millions of tumor cells are released into the circulation every day,
  • NETs can wrap up CTCs with platelets
  • β1-integrin plays an important role in the interaction between CTCs and NETs
  • NET-platelet-CTC aggregates.
  • After metastasizing to distant tissues, tumor cells are often found to remain dormant for a period of time and unexpectedly regrow late
  • NETs are believed to participate in the reactivation of dormant cancer cells in metastatic regions
  • NET-associated proteases NE and MMP-9 were found to be responsible for the reactivation of dormant cancer cells
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    Surgery induced metastasis: it is real and steered by NETosis.
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