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Nathan Goodyear

Copper | Linus Pauling Institute | Oregon State University - 0 views

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    good read on copper deficiency by the Linus Pauling Institute.
Nathan Goodyear

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC431183/pdf/pnas00040-0366.pdf - 0 views

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    Some of the early research by Linus Pauling that showed that IV vitamin C is safe and increases survival time of patients with advanced cancer.  
Nathan Goodyear

http://orthomolecular.org/library/jom/1992/pdf/1992-v07n01-p005.pdf - 0 views

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    This is the unified paper theory of CVD and vitamin C as published by Pauling and Rath.  Vitamin C deficiency results in a decrease in the integrity and stability of the vascular wall.  Chronic deficiency results in in an increase in and accumulation of Lp(a) which leads to atherosclerotic plaques.
Nathan Goodyear

Linus Pauling Institute at Oregon State University - 0 views

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    nice read on plant sterols.  
Nathan Goodyear

Ascorbic Acid and Cancer: A Review - 0 views

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    Vitamin C and Cancer. 
Nathan Goodyear

Folate | Linus Pauling Institute | Oregon State University - 0 views

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    Nice review on the difference b/t Folate and Folic acid.  Also, brief but worthy of a read, review of the MTHFR polymorphism 677.
Nathan Goodyear

Linus Pauling Institute at Oregon State University - 0 views

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    wonderful review on the benefits of selenium
Nathan Goodyear

Linus Pauling Institute at Oregon State University - 0 views

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    everything you ever wanted to know about chromium
trungtamnamkhoa

Orthomol Fertil Plus - Nhà Thuốc Nam Khoa - Men's Health Pharmacy - 2 views

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    Orthomol Fertil plus nâng cao chất lượng tinh trùng theo những tiêu chí: Khả năng chuyển động của tinh trùng, Mật độ tinh trùng, hình dạng thông thường của tinh trùng. Orthomol Fertil plus là sản phẩm bổ sung vitamin, khoáng vật, các yếu tố vi lượng nhu yếu cho nam giới. Được lớn mạnh dựa trên "Liệu pháp dinh dưỡng Orthomolecular" của tấn sĩ hóa sinh Linus Pauling (người hai lần đoạt giải Nobel 1954, 1962). Orthomol Natal - thương hiệu nổi tiếng của Đức. Các lưu ý giúp cải thiện chất lượng tinh trùng Nhiệt độ trong tinh hoàn luôn thấp hơn hai ° C so có nhiệt độ cơ thể. Nhiệt độ quá cao sở hữu thể ảnh hưởng đến giai đoạn sản xuất tinh trùng. Hạn chế khiến cho nóng ghế trong xe và mặc quần quá bó. Giữa hiện trạng thể chất và chất lượng tinh trùng của bạn với 1 sự ảnh hưởng lẫn nhau. Kể cách thức khác, ví như bạn khỏe mạnh, thì càng nâng cao thời cơ tinh trùng khỏe mạnh và đầy nhựa sống. lúc đạt cực khoái cổ tử cung tương trợ chuyên chở tinh trùng về phía dạ con. Do đó để thụ tinh thuận tiện thì người nữ giới phải đạt đỉnh sau người đàn ông và ko ngược lại.
Nathan Goodyear

Oncotarget | NADH autofluorescence, a new metabolic biomarker for cancer stem cells: Id... - 0 views

  • Vitamin C was ~10 times more potent than 2-DG for the targeting of CSCs
  • Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) are thought to be the root cause of chemotherapy-resistance and radio-resistance
  • ultimately leading to treatment failure in patients with advanced disease [1-3]. They have been directly implicated mechanistically in tumor recurrence and metastasis, resulting in poor patient survival
  • ...26 more annotations...
  • mitochondrial biogenesis may be a key driver of the CSC phenotype
  • Our results indicate that increased mitochondrial oxidative stress and high NADH levels are both key characteristics of the CSC metabolic phenotype
  • high levels of NAD(P)H auto-fluorescence are known to be a surrogate marker for mitochondrial “power”, high OXPHOS capacity and increased ATP production
  • CSCs may be strictly dependent on NAD(P)H to maintain their enhanced mitochondrial function
  • an intact NAD+ salvage pathway is strictly required for mammosphere formation, supporting our results using NAD(P)H auto-fluorescence, which enriched CSC activity by more than 5-fold.
  • Since glycolysis is especially critical for maintaining the TCA cycle, OXPHOS and overall mitochondrial function, we next assessed the effects of known glycolytic inhibitors
  • we show that two other natural products that function as effective glycolysis inhibitors, also inhibited mammosphere formation. More specifically, vitamin C (ascorbic acid), which induces oxidative stress and inhibits the activity of GAPDH (a key glycolytic enzyme) [17], also inhibited mammosphere formation, with an IC-50 of 1 mM (Figure 7B). Therefore, vitamin C was ~10 times more potent than 2-DG at targeting CSC propagation
  • silibinin (the major active constituent of silymarin, an extract of milk thistle seeds) [18], which specifically functions as an inhibitor of glucose uptake, blocked mammosphere formation, with an IC-50 between 200 and 400 µM
  • caffeic acid phenyl ester (CAPE), a key component of honey-bee propolis, has potent anti-cancer properties
  • Propolis has a strong history of medicinal use, dating back more than 2,000 years
  • Because of it aromatic ring structure (Figure 8), we speculated that CAPE might function as a potent inhibitor of oxidative mitochondrial metabolism
  • CAPE quantitatively inhibits the mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and, in turn, induces the onset of aerobic glycolysis (ECAR)
  • CAPE shows a clear selectivity for targeting CSCs and adherent cancer cells, relative to normal fibroblasts.
  • CAPE functions as a “natural” mitochondrial OXPHOS inhibitor, that preferentially targets the CSC sub-population. This could explain CAPE’s known anti-cancer properties
  • Our data directly shows that a small fraction of the total cell population, characterized by increased PGC1α activity, high mitochondrial ROS/H2O2 and high NADH levels, has the ability to survive and grow under anchorage-independent conditions, driving mammosphere formation
  • We highlight the utility of certain natural products, such as Silibinin, Vitamin C and CAPE, that could be used to therapeutically target CSCs. Silibinin is the major active component of silymarin, which is an extract prepared from milk thistle seeds.
  • high NADH is a property that is conserved between normal and cancerous stem cells
  • Previous studies have also shown that when non-CSCs and CSCs are both fed mitochondrial fuels (such as L-lactate or ketone bodies), that CSCs quantitatively produce more NADH in response to this stimulus
  • CSCs may be strictly dependent on NADH to maintain their enhanced mitochondrial function
  • The Noble Prize winner, Linus Pauling, was among the first to describe and clinically test the efficacy of Vitamin C, as a relatively non-toxic anti-cancer agent
  • Vitamin C has two mechanisms of action. First, it is a potent pro-oxidant, that actively depletes the reduced glutathione pool, leading to cellular oxidative stress and apoptosis in cancer cells. Moreover, it also behaves as an inhibitor of glycolysis, by targeting the activity of GAPDH, a key glycolytic enzyme.
  • Here, we show that Vitamin C can also be used to target the CSC population, as it is an inhibitor of energy metabolism that feeds into the mitochondrial TCA cycle and OXPHOS
  • Vitamin C may prove to be promising agent for new clinical trials, aimed at testing its ability to reduce CSC activity in cancer patients, as an add-on to more conventional therapies, to prevent tumor recurrence, further disease progression and metastasis
  • Interestingly, a breast cancer based clinical study has already shown that the use of Vitamin C, concurrent with or within 6 months of chemotherapy, significantly reduces both tumor recurrence and patient mortality
  • CAPE quantitatively reduces mitochondrial oxygen consumption (OCR), while inducing a reactive increase in glycolysis (ECAR). As such, it potently inhibits mammosphere formation with an IC-50 of ~2.5 µM. Similarly, it also significantly inhibits cell migration
  • we also demonstrate that 7 different inhibitors of key energetic pathways can be used to effectively block CSC propagation, including three natural products (silibinin, ascorbic acid and CAPE). Future studies will be necessary to test their potential for clinical benefit in cancer patients.
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    The future of cancer therapy is cancer stem cells.  Study finds that Vitamin C, silymarin, and bee propolis blocks mitochondrial energy pathways in cancer stem cells.  Vitamin C is a known glycolytic inhbitor. Vitamin C was found to inhibit glycolysis via GAPDH targeting to inhibit the energy pathways of the mitochondria in CSCs.  The authors propse that Vitamin C can be used as add on therapies for conventional therapies to specifically attack the CSCs and their contribution to recrurence, treatment resistance, and metastasis potential all in addition to the ability of vitamin C to reduce the side effects of chemotherapy.
Nathan Goodyear

Supplemental Forms | Linus Pauling Institute | Oregon State University - 0 views

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    good review of vitamin C, transport, and bioavailability.
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