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It's practically impossible to solder the FLEDs straight using only your hands

This part is rather tricky because there's so little space between the Solar Engine and the 3300uF Cap. -- You can leave more space here if you like, but it just looks better if you keep it all nice and tight

Find two FLEDs with the same (or very similar) resistance

It's simply a Phototropic BiCore driving two small motors

I had to add resistors across the motor leads to slow them down! I got this idea from Ben Hitchcock's Fred Troubleshooting Page -- "D) If the motor fires strongly once..."

The motor is driven in either the forward or reverse direction, but will swap polarity if the motor encounters too sudden or great of a load

By just tying a neuron's bias resistor to Vcc, rather than to ground, you can make a "regular logic" (active high) Nv:

putting diodes and other resistors in parallel to give different charge vs. discharge rates

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One essential difference is that the Nv responds immediately to an input, and sends the output for a time duration -- the delay occurs AFTER the output is sent. The Nu responds to an input after a delay and sends the output continuously -- the delay occurs BEFORE the output is sent.

"on" first, then a delay, then "off"

delay, then "on", stays "on"

It is powered with two 3.3F Goldcaps. They can be charged in a few seconds. When they are charged, MAXIBUg gets "afraid" of light, and wanders of to go to play "in the dark". After a while, about 20 seconds (depending on the current used by the two motors ), the power has dropped, and it wants to "eat". It gets light attracted, and will turn and go to the light. When it gets there, it will recharge and still will be atrackted to the light until it reaches a trigger voltage , at which it gets "afraid"of the light again. This will go on all day until someone turns off the lightsource. While doing all this it also will backup when bumping into something.

Because of the "on-off" output of the first schmitt trigger, the inputs for the LDRs will switch. That's why it gets light atracted -light afraid. This also means that you cannot use IR diodes (like SHF205). You have to use LDRs !

These bots are powered by a Gold Cap and for a period of about one minute they move, always looking for the brightest lightspot, so in fact they will even follow a lightsource.

All these bots are powered by a 3,3F Gold Cap ( F= farad). You can charge them with a regulated power supply

the two 5 mm red LED's it is capable of following a light source.

This adapted photodiode is not as sensitive as large area types so C2 may need to be reduced to 0.01uF while the value of R2 and R3 can be increased by a factor of 10.

Two leaded phototransistors can also be used but may require extra shielding to reduce light current in the bridge to acceptable levels

basic photopopper functions plus reverse -- all on a single chip

A device used to store charge in an electrical circuit. A capacitor functions much like a battery, but charges and discharges much more efficiently

BEAM robots tend to use capacitors in two, very different roles -- small ones in Nv neurons and solar engines (filter capacitors), and bigger ones as energy storage devices (storage capacitors).