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Garth Holman

geography - National Geographic Society - 1 views

nationalgeographic.org/...geography

Geography

shared by Garth Holman on 19 Sep 16 - No Cached
  • Geography is the study of places and the relationships between people and their environments.
  • They also examine how human culture interacts with the natural environment, and the way that locations and places can have an impact on people.
  • geography" comes to us from the ancient Greeks,
  • ...8 more annotations...
  • geo means “earth” and -graphy means “to write.” 
  • located in relation to other places,
  • what their own and other places were like, and how people and environments were distributed. These concerns have been central to geography ever since.
  • Throughout human history, most societies have sought to understand something about their place in the world, and the people and environments around them.
  • More importantly, they also raised questions about how and why different human and natural patterns came into being on Earth’s surface, and why variations existed from place to place. The effort to answer these questions about patterns and distribution led them to figure out that the world was round, to calculate Earth’s circumference, and to develop explanations of everything from the seasonal flooding of the Nile River to differences in population densities from place to place.
  • Advances in geography were chiefly made by scientists of the Muslim world, based around the Arabian Peninsula and North Africa. Geographers of this Islamic Golden Age created the world’s first rectangular map based on a grid, a map system that is still familiar today. Islamic scholars also applied their study of people and places to agriculture, determining which crops and livestock were most suited to specific habitats or environments.
  • They were the first to use the compass for navigational purposes.
  • Age of Discovery
Garth Holman

Martin Luther Biography - 0 views

www.uncommon-travel-germany.com/martin-luther-biography.html

Reformation Martinluther 95Thesis

shared by Garth Holman on 21 Apr 16 - No Cached
  • His parents were from peasant stock, but had high ambitions for their intelligent, eldest son
  • Bachelors and Masters degrees in Theology. He was in his first year of Law School in Erfurt when an incident occurred that would change the course of European history.
  • Two weeks later, Luther joined the Augustinian Order in Erfurt; his father was furious.
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  • Many Christians of the late Middle Ages had a great fear of demons and devils, and were terrified of ending up in hell. Mortality rates were high and life was very uncertain due to disease, accidents, childbirth and wars. Luther shared those fears and his first years in the monastery he was tormented with the idea that all men were hopeless sinners in the sight of God and unworthy of salvation.
  • reason, he was sent to teach theology at the University of Erfurt, and in 1511, at the University of Wittenberg, where he received his Doctorate in Theology. In Wittenberg he was also the parish priest assigned to minister to the citizens of the town.
  • A major source of church funding during this period was the sale of indulgences. An indulgence was a "get out of purgatory card" that could be obtained for oneself or others by paying a certain sum to the church.
  • The Pope was selling offices and indulgences to get money for an ambitious building program which included the construction of St. Peter's Cathedral in Rome. The Pope's representative, the Dominican Father Tetzel, encouraged people to buy the indulgences with the jingle, "As soon as the coin in the coffer rings The soul from Purgatory springs"
  • telling them their loved ones were crying out to be released from suffering.
  • He was shocked by the lack of morality and piety of the local clergy and by the luxurious lifestyle of the Pope Leo X, a member of the Medici family. Pope Leo was known for his expensive tastes and was fond of hunting, gambling and carnivals. The papacy was at a low point in its history and others had been calling out for reform prior to Luther.
  • He came to the conclusion there was no evidence in the Bible for believing the Pope had power to release souls from Purgatory.
  • He wrote out a list of his objections to the practice; he named 95 issues he wished to dispute.
  • On October 31, 1517, Luther nailed his ninety-five theses, or points of discussion, on the door of the Castle Church in Wittenberg. The document was in Latin and invited other scholars to debate the statements set out.
  • The 95 Theses were translated into German and widely distributed throughout Germany, courtesy of the printing press.
  • There is no question, however, that Luther wrote the list and sent a copy of it to Prince Albert of Mainz.
  • The reaction of the Church initially was to try and suppress the attack on indulgences by suppressing Martin Luther.
  • The protest against the indulgences set off a conflagration which, step by step, resulted in most of Northern Europe breaking away from the authority of the Catholic Church.
  • It was clear by this time that there could be no coming together on these issues, since the very authority of the Pope was called into question.
  • The Church did act to curb the worst abuses of indulgences, but it was too late.
  • Luther was given safe conduct to attend the meeting and defend his positions. At the Diet of Worms, Luther was shown a table with a pile of his books and other writings. He was offered the opportunity to recant, but refused. Luther's reply was written down as he spoke it: "Unless I am convicted by Scripture and plain reason -- I do not accept the authority of popes and councils, for they have contradicted each other -- my conscience is captive to the word of God. I cannot and I will not recant anything, for to go against conscience is neither right nor safe. God help me. Amen." The printed document released after the Diet of Worms also contained the famous words, "Here I stand, I can do no other."
  • but he was now considered an outlaw.
  • declaring Luther a heretic and ordering his death.
  • He spent nearly a year there, writing furiously and fighting depression and numerous physical ailments. It was in a small study in the castle in 1522 that he translated the New Testament from Greek into German and profoundly influenced the form and standardization of the German language.
    • Garth Holman
      Garth Holman on 21 Apr 16
       
      Maybe one of the most important ideas.  He gave the people the bible in the local language, so more people could read what the bible said...not have someone tell them.  See this link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gutenberg_Bible#Surviving_copies  
  • in Luther's absence numerous leaders had sprung up, each with his own interpretation of doctrine, and most having far more radical views than Luther.
  • Priests wore ordinary clothing and grew their hair, services were performed in German, monks and nuns were leaving the cloisters and getting married. Some groups were smashing images and statues in the churches and dragging priests away from the altars.
  • He convinced a couple of the more radical preachers to stop preaching or leave town.
  • twelve who had been smuggled out in herring barrels.
  • However, he impulsively announced he was marrying Katharina von Bora, to the great surprise of his friends.
  • Many were inspired by Martin Luther's challenge to the authority of the Church to challenge the secular powers as well.
  • Martin Luther wrote an appeal to the aristocrats to restore order by force.
  • Both sides were angry with Luther: the nobles blamed him for stirring up the people and the peasants blamed him for encouraging the nobles to use violence against them.
  • Luther wrote to and met with other leaders of the Reformation, such as Zwingli, to try and produce a unified statement of belief for the reformed church, but nothing came out of it because they were not able to agree on many of the doctrinal issues.
Yuke Z

Inventions of the Renaissance - 2 views

www.mce.k12tn.net/...inventions.htm

renaissance inventions

shared by Yuke Z on 23 Apr 12 - Cached
  • early 1230's to launch fireworks and in weapons.
  • Knights were replaced by the foot soldier who carried firearms.
  • between 1590 and 1608
  • ...11 more annotations...
  • first useful microscope
  • many advances in medicine and hygiene could be made with the microscope.
  • 1608 a Dutch eyeglass maker named Hans Lippershey made the first telescope
  • Isaac Newton improved the telescope by adding mirrors instead of lenses.
  • Galileo Galileo
  • moon had huge valleys and craters
  • discovered four moons orbiting Jupiter.
  • planets revolve around the sun and not around the earth.
  • printed in a book called Starry Messenger in 1610.
  • Robert Hooke published his book Micrographia in 1665 men began to take the microscope seriously.
  • Gutenberg was a goldsmith
Shira H

Pope Urban II - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 0 views

en.wikipedia.org/...Pope_Urban_II

shared by Shira H on 16 Mar 12 - Cached
    • Shira H
      Shira H on 16 Mar 12
       
      Great site for quest 8 . Lots of info. 
  • Pope Urban II by acclamation (March 1088) at a small meeting of cardinals and other prelates held in Terracina in March 1088.
  • Pope Blessed Urban II (ca. 1035 – 29 July 1099), born Otho de Lagery (alternatively: Otto, Odo or Eudes), was Pope from 12 March 1088 until his death on 29 July 1099. He is best known for starting the First Crusade (1096–1099) and setting up the modern-day Roman Curia in the manner of a royal court to help run the Church.
Garth Holman

Treasures in full: Magna Carta - the basics - 2 views

www.bl.uk/...basics.html

magnaCarta Quest9

shared by Garth Holman on 20 Mar 12 - Cached
  • In the fourteenth century Parliament saw it as guaranteeing trial by jury. Sir Edward Coke interpreted it as a declaration of individual liberty in his conflict with the early Stuart kings and it has resonant echoes in the American Bill of Rights and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
  • But the real legacy of Magna Carta as a whole is that it limited the king's authority by establishing the crucial principle that the law was a power in its own right to which the king was subject.
    • Garth Holman
      Garth Holman on 20 Mar 12
       
      King has to be LEX REX now.  Things have changed. 
  • ...9 more annotations...
  • wrote in medieval Latin
  • If you go over to the interactive in the opposite corner of the room you can use its magic magnifier to look at the Latin text in detail as well as an English translation.
  • written on parchment, not on paper.
  • Three of the four surviving copies of Magna Carta have lost their wax seals over the centuries. The only one which still has its seal is the burnt copy on display here. Unfortunately the seal was destroyed when the charter was burnt by fire in 1731,
  • It was King John’s excessive and arbitrary exploitation of his feudal rights, and his abuse of the justice system, which more than anything else had fuelled the barons’ rebellion in the first place.
  • hese are the first clause guaranteeing the liberties of the English Church; the clause confirming the privileges of the city of London and other towns; and the most famous clause of all which states that no free man shall be imprisoned, dispossessed, outlawed or exiled without the lawful judgement of his equals or by the law of the land.
  • English king to set detailed limits on royal authority.
  • statement of liberties
  • king was subject to the law, not above it.
Yuke Z

Magna Carta - 0 views

www.historylearningsite.co.uk/magna_carta.htm

magnacarta

shared by Yuke Z on 23 Mar 12 - No Cached
  • The first clauses concern the position of the Catholic Church in England. Those that follow state that John will be less harsh on the barons. Many of the clauses concern England's legal system.  Magna Carta promised laws that were good and fair. It states that everyone shall have access to courts and that costs and money should not be an issue if someone wanted to take a problem to the law courts.  It also states that no freeman will be imprisoned or punished without first going through the proper legal system. In future years the word "freeman" was replaced by "no one" to include everybody.  The last few sections deal with how the Magna Carta would be enforced in England. Twenty five barons were given the responsibility of making sure the king carried out what was stated in the Magna Carta - the document clearly states that they could use force if they felt it was necessary. To give the Magna Carta an impact, the royal seal of King John was put on it to show people that it had his royal support. This is the largest red seal at the bottom of the Magna Carta above. In detail it looked like this :
Kalina P

Medieval Economy - Professions - 0 views

web.nickshanks.com/...careers

middle ages artisan jobs medieval

shared by Kalina P on 24 Jan 12 - Cached
  • blacksmiths, carpenters, masons, shoemakers, tailors, tanners, and weavers. Other occupations were based on food such as bakers to bake bread, millers to grind grain, brewers to make ale and beer, and vintners to make wine.
  • , merchant and goldsmith o
  • barbers, teachers, dentists, and surgeons.
  • Kalina P on 24 Jan 12
     
    The first paragraph gives a lot of jobs that artisans had.
morgan m

Slavery in the United States - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 0 views

en.wikipedia.org/...Slavery_in_the_United_States

shared by morgan m on 17 Nov 11 - Cached
  • Slavery in the United States was a form of slave labor which existed as a legal institution in North America for more than a century before the founding of the United States in 1776, and continued mostly in the South until the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution in 1865 following the American Civil War .
  • Slavery in the United States was a form of slave labor which existed as a legal institution in North America for more than a century before the founding of the United States in 1776, and continued mostly in the South until the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution in 1865 following the American Civil War.[1] The first English colony in North America, Virginia, acquired its first Africans in 1619, after a ship arrived, unsolicited, carrying a cargo of about 20 Africans.
  • Slavery in the United States
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  • Slavery in the
Garth Holman

Socrates - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 0 views

en.wikipedia.org/Socrates

Socrates philosophy read ancientgreece

shared by Garth Holman on 13 Nov 13 - Cached
  • Socrates has become renowned for his contribution to the field of ethics, and it is this Platonic Socrates who lends his name to the concepts of Socratic irony and the Socratic method,
  • and is a type of pedagogy in which a series of questions is asked not only to draw individual answers, but also to encourage fundamental insight into the issue at hand.
  • Socrates appears to have been a critic of democracy,[15] and some scholars interpret his trial as an expression of political infighting.[16] Claiming loyalty to his city, Socrates clashed with the current course of Athenian politics and society.[17] He praises Sparta, archrival to Athens, directly and indirectly in various dialogues. One of Socrates' purported offenses to the city was his position as a social and moral critic. Rather than upholding a status quo and accepting the development of what he perceived as immorality within his region, Socrates questioned the collective notion of "might makes right" that he felt was common in Greece during this period. Plato refers to Socrates as the "gadfly" of the state (as the gadfly stings the horse into action, so Socrates stung various Athenians), insofar as he irritated some people with considerations of justice and the pursuit of goodness.[18] His attempts to improve the Athenians' sense of justice may have been the cause of his execution.
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  • Socrates initially earned his living as a master stonecutter.
  • found guilty of both corrupting the minds of the youth of Athens and of impiety ("not believing in the gods of the state"),[20] and subsequently sentenced to death by drinking a mixture containing poison hemlock.
  • Socrates had an opportunity to escape, as his followers were able to bribe the prison guards. He chose to stay for several reasons: He believed such a flight would indicate a fear of death, which he believed no true philosopher has. If he fled Athens his teaching would fare no better in another country, as he would continue questioning all he met and undoubtedly incur their displeasure. Having knowingly agreed to live under the city's laws, he implicitly subjected himself to the possibility of being accused of crimes by its citizens and judged guilty by its jury. To do otherwise would have caused him to break his "social contract" with the state, and so harm the state, an unprincipled act. The full reasoning behind his refusal to flee is the main subject of the Crito.
  • After drinking the poison, he was instructed to walk around until his legs felt numb. After he lay down, the man who administered the poison pinched his foot; Socrates could no longer feel his legs. The numbness slowly crept up his body until it reached his heart. Shortly before his death, Socrates speaks his last words to Crito: "Crito, we owe a rooster to Asclepius. Please, don't forget to pay the debt."
  • and freedom, of the soul from the body.
  • dialectic method of inquiry, known as the Socratic method or method of "elenchus", which he largely applied to the examination of key moral concepts such as the Good and Justice. It was first described by Plato in the Socratic Dialogues. To solve a problem, it would be broken down into a series of questions, the answers to which gradually distill the answer a person would seek. The influence of this approach is most strongly felt today in the use of the scientific method, in which hypothesis is the first stage. The development and practice of this method is one of Socrates' most enduring contributions, and is a key factor in earning his mantle as the father of political philosophy, ethics or moral philosophy, and as a figurehead of all the central themes in Western philosophy.
  • One of the best known sayings of Socrates is "I only know that I know nothing". The conventional interpretation of this remark is that Socrates' wisdom was limited to an awareness of his own ignorance. Socrates believed wrongdoing was a consequence of ignorance and those who did wrong knew no better.
  • Socrates believed the best way for people to live was to focus on self-development rather than the pursuit of material wealth.[citation needed] He always invited others to try to concentrate more on friendships and a sense of true community, for Socrates felt this was the best way for people to grow together as a populace
Garth Holman

Dgh - Scientific Revolution - 0 views

dgh.wikispaces.com/Scientific+Revolution

science scientific revolution

shared by Garth Holman on 15 May 14 - No Cached
  • came up with the heliocentric universe theory
  • Polish astronomer and mathematician
  • was also a translator, artist, physician, and scholar.
  • ...24 more annotations...
  • invented the telescope using two lenses and a lead pipe.
  • realized that the solar system was heliocentric, and was promptly persecuted for it by the Church.
  • found that the milky way was not a light in the sky but a cloud made of many nebulas and stars
  • first person to create laws about inertia and gravity
  • first to discover sunspots and he also discovered many stars
  • study other sciences, like math, medicine, and poetry.
  • British mathematician and physician
  • invented calculus
  • three laws of motion, and the law of gravity
  • came up with the Binomial Theorem
  • His achievements helped other scientists like Einstein be able to discover the Theory of Relativity and Nuclear Fission.
  • After Rome fell, however, during the Middle Ages, people forgot all these things.
  • that led to the birth of modern science
  • for themselves instead of accepting how things were
  • Muslims in Asia and Africa, though, were able to preserve the ideas of these great Greek and Roman thinkers. They translated them and then added their own ideas to them--to learn more about muslim thinkers, see this link. As the Europeans came out of their Dark Age, they began to learn from the muslims when trade and conflict brought Europeans and Arabs together. As they read and learned, their own view of the world became more rational and expanded their view of the world.
  • Rome and Greece the idea of humanism was passed on to the Arabs. When the Europeans started to make contact with the Arabs, these ideas were brought back. Education, government, technology, and science made it possible for this time of major change, discovery and exploration. Many discoveries and inventions were made in this time period by great thinkers still impact the world today.
  • It sparked their curiosity, and started the Scientific Revolution.
  • began to explore the world around them.
  • Together, education, government, technology, and science created the perfect mix for the Scientific Revolution and exploration.
  • read and write by themselves and the printing press made books much cheaper and available to a wider audience. When the time came, the government provided money, supplies and education for explorers.
    • Garth Holman
      Garth Holman on 06 May 15
       
      Self Paced:  Copy this question into your document and then answer it.  How did the Muslims aid the Renaissance and the scientific revolution?  
    • Garth Holman
      Garth Holman on 06 May 15
       
      Self Paced:  Explain the concept of the Perfect MIX?
    • bw_htian
      bw_htian on 19 May 15
       
      When people began to explore the world around them and learned to read and write by themselves. Education, government, technology, and science created the perfect mix for the Scientific Revolution.
    • Garth Holman
      Garth Holman on 06 May 15
       
      Self Paced:  Explain the importance of at least 2 of these key figures of the Scientific Revolution?  Explain how the Catholic Church reacted to these ideas? 
    • Garth Holman
      Garth Holman on 06 May 15
       
      Self Paced:  From the list of inventions, how could these inventions help in exploration? 
Dana G

Greece Country Profile - National Geographic Kids - 0 views

kids.nationalgeographic.com/...greece

greece country ancient greek Government

shared by Dana G on 30 Sep 15 - No Cached
  • Greece has the longest coastline in Europe and is the southernmost country in Europe.
  • mainland
  • rugged mountains, forests, and lakes,
  • ...25 more annotations...
  • thousands of islands dotting the blue Aegean Sea
  • Mediterranean Sea
  • Ionian Sea
  • the mainland, the islands, and Peloponnese, the peninsula south of the mainland.
  • three geographical regions
  • prime minister has the most power
  • 3,600 feet
  • Mount Olympus
  • 9,570 feet
  • home of the gods.
  • Greece abolished their monarchy in 1975 and became a parliamentary republic
  • e Pindus mountain range on the mainland contains one of the world's deepest gorges
  • president and a prime minister
  • president selects cabinet ministers who run government departments
  • he parliament, called the Vouli, has only one house with 300 members who are elected every four years. Greece became part of the European Union in 1981.
  • The first great civilization in Greece was the Minoan culture on the island of Crete around 2000 B.C
  • Minoans were conquered by the Myceneans from the mainland in 1450 B.C.
  • city-states, which were ruled by noblemen
  • Athens became the most powerful, and in 508 B.C
  • Greece won independence in 1832.
  • The first Olympic Games were held in the southern city of Olympia in 700 B.C. to honor Zeus, the king of the gods.
  • banned by the Romans in A.D. 393, but began again in Athens in 1896.
  • reece was ruled by foreigners for over 2,000 years beginning with the Romans conquering the Greeks in the 2nd century.
  • new system of rule by the people called democracy
    • Dana G
      Dana G on 01 Oct 15
       
      This was cool!
Ethan H

Legacy of Ancient Greece: Art, Government, Science & Sports - Video & Lesson Transcript... - 0 views

study.com/...government-science-sports.html

The Legacy of Greece

shared by Ethan H on 29 Sep 15 - No Cached
    • Ethan H
      Ethan H on 29 Sep 15
       
      The thing that I thought was the biggest discovery / finding was that they created a democracy.  They decided to revolt against a king. 
  • Ancient Greece was one of the first major civilizations of Europe. Ancient Greek culture officially lasted from the 8th century BC to the 7th century AD, but their height was in the 6th and 5th centuries BC, a period that was so influential on Western culture that we call it the Classical era.
  • The Greeks cities were some of the first major civilizations to question the rule of a king, and in the 6th Century BC, the people of Athens developed a new government system called democracy
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • But Greece has done so much more for humanity than just great marinated vegetables. Greece set foundations for modern civilization that include art, government, science, and even sports.
  • Athens instituted a system where every citizen - then defined as free males - had the right to both vote and speak in the legislative assembly where new laws were made.
  • Ethan H on 29 Sep 15
     
    This sight talks about Greece's legacy.  It talks about art and Greek governments.
Bridgitte F

Greek History - 0 views

ancient-greece.org/history.html

ancient greece history

shared by Bridgitte F on 29 Sep 15 - Cached
  • According to archaeological and historical sources the story of Greece began deep in prehistory, and has continued to our days.
  • This brief history of Greece is compiled here as an introduction to web readers and to provide the historical background that’s needed to appreciate all the subjects of Ancient Greek civilization. It was no easy task to compress the history of Ancient Greece into a concise format that would be appropriate both for Online reading and as a precise overview of the subject.
  • From the 6th and until the 2nd century BCE the Agora as the heart of the government, as a public place of debate, as a place of worship, and as marketplace, played a central role in the development of the Athenian ideals, and provided a healthy environment where the unique Democratic political system took its first wobbly steps on earth.
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  • Delphi was inhabited since Mycenaean times (14th - 11th c. B.C.) by small settlements who were dedicated to the Mother Earth deity. The worship of Apollo as the god of light, harmony, and order was established between the 11th and 9th centuries. Slowly over the next five centuries the sanctuary grew in size and importance. During the 8th c. B.C. Delphi became internationally known for the Oracular powers of Pythia.
  • Dodona is an important ancient Greek oracle, second in fame only to Delphi. It is located in a strategic pass at the eastern slopes of the imposing Mt. Tomaros, close to the modern city of Ioannina in western Epiros. It was dedicated to Zeus and Dione, and the Greeks believed it to be the most ancient of oracles.
  • Archaeological evidence testifies to the island's habitation since the 7th millennium BC After the 5th millennium BC we find the first evidence of hand-made ceramic pottery which marks the beginning of the civilization Evans, the famed archaeologist who excavated Knossos, named "Minoan" after the legendary king Minos.
  • The sanctuary at Olympia (Ολυμπία) is positioned in a serene and fertile valley between the Alpheios and the Kladeos rivers in western Peloponnese, in Elis. It was the host of the Olympic games for a thousand years in antiquity.
Garth Holman

Why the Magna Carta Is Considered Important to the US - 1 views

americanhistory.about.com/...In-The-Founding-Of-America.htm

shared by Garth Holman on 15 Sep 15 - No Cached
    • Garth Holman
      Garth Holman on 15 Sep 15
       
      He was coerced by having the army's of the Barons or nobles encircled London and threatened to burn it to the ground. 
  • constitutional text and one of the most important documents on the path to democracy.
  • was that the Founding Fathers used many of the principles first codified in the Magna Carta.
  • ...11 more annotations...
  • document's part in guaranteeing basic rights and freedoms for the English.
  • With the Magna Carta, the king, for the first time, was not allowed to be above the law
  • he had to respect the rule of law and not abuse his position as king.
  • upon lawful judgment by a jury
  • Justice could not be sold, denied, or delayed.
    • Garth Holman
      Garth Holman on 15 Sep 15
       
      A formal meeting place and time for members of the council.  It make the meetings regular and structured. 
  • the king himself was placed under the law of the land.
  • or Great Charter, was created in 1215 in England
  • Why is the Magna Carta seen as a key document in the founding of the US?
  • wage war, King John imposed heavy taxes on his subjects
  • King John was coerced into signing the Charter which protected some of their basic rights against royal actions.
Daniel D

World Book Student | Article Page - 0 views

www.worldbookonline.com/...article

shared by Daniel D on 29 Sep 15 - No Cached
  • in government, s
  • cience, philosophy, and the arts still influence our lives.
  • A city-state consisted of a city or town and the surrounding villages and farmland. The Greek city-states were fiercely independent and often quarreled among themselves.
  • ...9 more annotations...
  • world's first democratic governments.
  • common language, religion, and culture bound the people together.
  • stressed the importance of the individual and encouraged creative thought
  • created new forms of expression, which explored human personalities and emotions.
  • The Greeks usually fortified a hill, called an acropolis,
  • within the city for defense.
  • Ancient Greece lacked adequate farmland, rainfall, and water for irrigation, and so crop production was limited. The mountains provided huge amounts of limestone and marble for building construction and clay for making bricks and pottery. But Greece had few other mineral deposits. Timber was plentiful at first. However, it became increasingly scarce as the people cut down many trees without replanting the forests.
  • depend on overseas trade for needed goods.
  • Only citizens could own land and take part in government. Noncitizens consisted of women, slaves, and serfs. Unlike slaves, serfs were not considered personal property.
  • Daniel D on 29 Sep 15
     
    extensive encyclopedia about Ancient Greece
rachel c

Inventors and Inventions from China and Taiwan - EnchantedLearning.com - 0 views

www.enchantedlearning.com/...china.shtml

shared by rachel c on 04 Nov 11 - Cached
  • Silk was first made by the Chinese about 4,000 years ago. Silk thread is made from the cocoon of the silkworm moth (Bombyx mori), a small moth whose caterpillar eats the leaves of the mulberry tree. According to Chinese legend, the first silk thread was made when the Chinese Empress Si-Ling-Chi was sitting under a mulberry tree and a cocoon fell into her tea; she noticed the strong, silky threads of the cocoon uncoiling. She then developed the use of silk. For more information on the development of silk, click here.
    • rachel c
      rachel c on 04 Nov 11
       
      china made silk and used it for many reasons
  • The kite was invented roughly 2,500 to 3,000 years ago. It originated in China, Malaysia or Indonesia (there are many claims to having invented the kite). Some people say that the earliest kites consisted of a huge leaf attached to a long string (there is a type of Indonesian leaf that is wonderful as a kite).
    • rachel c
      rachel c on 04 Nov 11
       
      the kite was important in history like what did it help?
  • For more information on this invention,
  • ...1 more annotation...
  • GUNPOWDERGunpowder was invented in China, probably during the 1000's. Gunpowder is composed of about 75 percent saltpeter (potassium nitrate), 15 percent powdered charcoal, and 10 percent sulphur. The Chinese used gunpower to make fireworks and signals, and later to make weapons of war.
matt k

Ancient Egyptian Inventions - 7 views

ftp.aa.edu/...index.htm

shared by matt k on 04 Nov 11 - No Cached
  • The shadoof was a very useful device that the Egyptians built to help them with their water, and the Nile River. It was operated by hand and was used to lift water from the river onto land in buckets. It has a long pole and there are two objects at each end of it. On one side, there is a bucket. On the other, there is a weight. The Egyptians would lower the bucket, and allowed the water to flow into the bucket. Then they would drop it, causing the weight to lift it back up so they could retrieve it. This was a very nifty device.
    • ed h
      ed h on 04 Nov 11
       
      this is a very cool device.
    • Everett m
      Everett m on 15 Nov 11
       
      very helpful thanks
  • Paper was another remarkable invention the Egyptians came up with. Their paper was made out of papyrus, a plant very abundant in the Nile area. First they had to slice the core of the stalk into very fine pieces. These pieces get submerged in water to remove sugar. The they are pounded to drain the water. The strips are  then lay side by side and are weaved into each other. The end result is papyrus paper. In fact, the English word “paper” is derived from the word papyrus.
    • anna g
      anna g on 14 Nov 11
       
      they invented paper
  • papyrus.                                                                                      
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • Locks were another making of the Egyptians. These were made to prevent the endless robberies. They made a wooden crossbar that was almost entirely enclose except for some space for the key and the pins. They dropped these pins into cavities, which locked the door. To unlock it, they slid the key into the opening, which pushed the pins out of the way, enabling the door to open.            
    • anna g
      anna g on 14 Nov 11
       
      they made locks
    • sarah l
      sarah l on 14 Nov 11
       
      Thats intresting i didnt know that.
    • matt k
      matt k on 15 Nov 11
       
      Cool, except you could just break the lock by smashing the wood. :)
  • The shadoof was a very useful device that the Egyptians built to help them with their water, and the Nile River. It was operated by hand and was used to lift water from the river onto land in buckets. It has a long pole and there are two objects at each end of it. On one side, there is a bucket. On the other, there is a weight. The Egyptians would lower the bucket, and allowed the water to flow into the bucket. Then they would drop it, causing the weight to lift it back up so they could retrieve it. This was a very nifty device.
    • cassidy s
      cassidy s on 14 Nov 11
       
      The Ancient Egyptiond=s invented the shadoox,and without it it would be very difficult for them to get water.
  • nick s on 15 Nov 11
     
    I don't think this is a very reliable site. In the first two paragraphs, there are 3 grammer mistakes. This could be reliable, but the creator of this site really needs to get an editor to fix the mistakes.
eric k

Ancient Egyptian Inventions - 0 views

www.ancient-egypt-online.com/cient-egyptian-inventions.html

shared by eric k on 04 Nov 11 - Cached
  • Lis t of Inventions in Ancient Egypt Black Ink First Ox-Drawn Plows 365 Day Calendar and Leap Year Paper First Triangular Shaped Pyramids Organized labor Hieroglyphics as an early system of writing Sails
    • eric k
      eric k on 04 Nov 11
       
      EricCMS ancient Egypt inventions
megan s

Ancient Chinese Inventions - Top Discoveries and Inventions of the Ancient Chinese - 1 views

ancienthistory.about.com/...Inventions-And-Discoveries.htm

Ancient Chinese Inventions

shared by megan s on 04 Nov 11 - No Cached
  • Tea has been so important in China that even the story of silk includes a probably anachronistic
  • cup of it. Legend says silk was discovered when a cocoon fell from a mulberry bush into a cup of imperial tea. This is similar to the legend of the discovery of tea where an emperor (Shen Nung (2737 B.C.)) drank a cup of water into which leaves from an overhanging Camellia bush had fallen. Tea, no matter what country it comes from, is from the Camellia sinensis plant. It seems to have been a new beverage in the third century A.D., a time when it was still regarded with suspicion, much as the tomato was when it was first brought to Europe. Today we refer to beverages as tea even though there is no real tea in them. (Purists call them tisanes.) In the early period, there was confusion, too, and the Chinese for tea was sometimes used to refer to other plants, according to Bodde.
  • The principle behind gunpowder was discovered by the Chinese in perhaps the first century A.D., during the Han Dynasty. It wasn't used in guns at the time, but created explosions at festivals.
  • ...1 more annotation...
  • Coca-Cola® Secret Formula Meet Dr.John S Pembe
  • megan s on 04 Nov 11
     
    This is a great website to learn a lot about Ancient China's inventions.
kota k

History of Chinese Technology - 4 views

www.engr.sjsu.edu/...china.htm

china history technology impact

shared by kota k on 01 Nov 11 - Cached
  • earliest printed book, AD 868
  • We don't know exactly when paper was first used in China but evidence from archaeological records indicate that it was prior to the first century AD.  In China, the most common source for paper was the bark of the paper mulberry tree (Gies & Gies 1994 p 182
  • There is not doubt that the Chinese invented gunpowder
  • ...4 more annotations...
  • ability to magnetize iron by placing it near a loadstone was known to ancient civilizations
  • applied this principle of magnetism to create the compass
  • In technologically development, the story is much different (see Burke (1978) for more descriptions of these innovations).  There have been many Western innovations that have their basis in China, particularly those in printing (paper, block printing, and moveable-type printing), agricultural technology (irrigation systems), mechanical engineering (clockwork, iron, and lead manufacturing, efficient harnesses), and martial (gunpowder, the precursors to the barrel gun, and cannons) technology.
    • kota k
      kota k on 10 Nov 11
       
      Intermediate Reading level
  • kota k on 01 Nov 11
     
    Intermediate Reading Level
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