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Tero Toivanen

Languages smarten up your brain - Guardian Weekly - 1 views

www.guardianweekly.co.uk/?page=editorial&id=1418&catID=18

languages brain research linguistic skills language learning English

shared by Tero Toivanen on 14 Feb 10 - Cached
  • Now a study published by the European Commission reveals that learning an additional language such as English may bring benefits that go beyond the ability to use the language itself. This report has implications for why, when and how we teach and learn English as a second or foreign ­language.
  • One of the significant findings for English language teaching is that changes in the brain’s electrical activity may occur much earlier than previously thought.
  • this study suggests that changes in the brain may start even in the earlier stages of language learning.
  • ...7 more annotations...
  • Most of the advantages ­described support overall competence-building for life and work in modern, information-rich, internet environments.
  • The benefits reported include enhanced capacity for learning whereby knowledge of languages can lead to superior memory function, especially short-term “working” memory.
  • Another cluster concerns enhanced mental flexibility.
  • Enhanced problem-solving capability is also reported.
  • Greater understanding of how language functions and is used to achieve specific goals in life acts as the fourth cluster.
  • Finally the study reports on research that links knowledge of languages to a slowdown of age-related mental diminishment such as certain forms of dementia.
  • The cognitive neurosciences stress the need for powerful learning environments, and yet not enough of our language education is spent encouraging learners to engage in higher-order thinking about meaningful content that fires up the brain.
  • Tero Toivanen on 14 Feb 10
     
    Most people learn languages to help them communicate. Now a study of recent research into brain function reveals that students could be gaining a lot more from their pursuit of linguistic skills, says David Marsh
Tarmo Toikkanen

What is the Future of Teaching? - 0 views

mashable.com/...online-education-teachers

education teaching e-learning future trends sometu futurelearning online learning onlinelearning

shared by Tarmo Toikkanen on 10 Sep 09 - Cached
  • According to the New York Times Bits blog, a recent study funded by the US Department of Education (PDF) found that on the whole, online learning environments actually led to higher tested performance than face-to-face learning environments.
  • “In many of the studies showing an advantage for online learning, the online and classroom conditions differed in terms of time spent, curriculum and pedagogy. It was the combination of elements in the treatment conditions (which was likely to have included additional learning time and materials as well as additional opportunities for collaboration) that produced the observed learning advantages,” writes the authors of the report (emphasis theirs). “At the same time, one should note that online learning is much more conducive to the expansion of learning time than is face-to-face instruction.”
  • We can conclude that those in online learning environments tested better, but not necessarily why.
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  • Researchers warned that “various online learning implementation practices may have differing effectiveness for K–12 learners than they do for older students,” which seems plausible.
  • The word education, after all, comes from the Latin educare, which means, “to lead out.” I.e., think Socrates. Anyone can absorb information from a book or video, but good teachers will always be necessary to draw out that knowledge and help students develop the skills needed to think critically about the information they consume. In other words, online learning tools are just like any other tools in a teacher’s bag of tricks: what matters is how they’re applied. The instruction of good teachers will be made better by the proper application of web tools, while bad teachers won’t necessarily be made better by utilizing online education methods.
  • It comes down to knowing how to best use the tools at your disposal to maximize the impact of education for students, which has always been what separates good teachers from bad ones. The major difference between teachers of today and teachers of the future is that in the future educators will have better online tools and will require better specialized training to learn how to utilize them properly.
    • Tarmo Toikkanen
      Tarmo Toikkanen on 10 Sep 09
       
      Exactly. The tools are not the point, it's the learning results that matter. And they stem from the learning activities, which in turn are supported by the tools that are employed.
  • Teachers will certainly need to adapt in order to use new tools and methods, but that’s nothing new. Online education may never completely replace face-to-face learning, though as the Department of Education study shows, with enough time and under the guidance of a good teacher, online learning environments can produce results that are just as good or better than classroom learning. Online learning is likely to be used more often to enhance face-to-face learning in the future, however, and in communities where classroom learning is infeasible due to lack of funds, online learning is an adequate stand-in.
  • Tarmo Toikkanen on 10 Sep 09
     
    Hyvin tiivistettyä ajatusta opetuksen tulevaisuudesta.
  • Tarmo Toikkanen on 10 Sep 09
     
    Good analysis on the impact of new tools, and the need for great teachers.
Tarmo Toikkanen

Burson-Marsteller and Proof Digital Fortune 100 Social Media Study - The Burson-Marstel... - 0 views

www.burson-marsteller.com/...Post.aspx

social media statistics tilastot

shared by Tarmo Toikkanen on 27 Oct 09 - Cached
  • Tarmo Toikkanen on 27 Oct 09
     
    "The study found that 54% of the Fortune 100 were using Twitter to reach out directly to stakeholders, while 32% were using a blogs and 29% were actively using a Facebook Fan Page to engage. Despite the perception that Twitter is the newest kid on the block among the three platforms, 76% of Fortune 100 companies that were using just one social media channel were using Twitter over Facebook and Blogs. "
  • Tarmo Toikkanen on 27 Oct 09
     
    Twitter on isoissa firmoissa jo yleisempää kuin blogaus.
Tero Toivanen

BMC Medicine | Full text | Anatomy of open access publishing - a study of longitudinal ... - 0 views

www.biomedcentral.com/...124

open access access publishing study scientific publishing

shared by Tero Toivanen on 22 Oct 12 - No Cached
  • Tero Toivanen on 22 Oct 12
     
    Tässä vielä tutkimus avoimien tutkimusten lisääntymisestä. Niitä on jo puolet kaikista tutkimuksista.
Tarmo Toikkanen

8-Year-Olds Publish Scientific Bee Study | Wired Science | Wired.com - 5 views

www.wired.com/...kids-study-bees

8 year olds science inquiry

shared by Tarmo Toikkanen on 22 Dec 10 - No Cached
Tero Toivanen liked it
  • Tarmo Toikkanen on 22 Dec 10
     
    8-vuotiaat tutkivat koulun tiedeopetuksessa mehiläisiä ja julkaisevat tieteellisen paperin aiheesta. Näin sitä tutkivaa oppimista tulisi vetää!
  • Tero Toivanen on 23 Dec 10
     
    Tieteen tekeminen on leikkimistä! Hieno homma! Tämä tuo valoa tulevaisuuteen... Toivottavasti mekin olemme tähän suuntaan menossa!
Tarmo Toikkanen

Creative Commons on Flickr: Users Prefer Restrictive Licenses - ReadWriteWeb - 0 views

www.readwriteweb.com/...kr_users_choose_most_restr.php

flickr creativecommons sosmedop

shared by Tarmo Toikkanen on 26 Mar 09 - Cached
  • In total, Flickr now hosts over 100 million CC-licensed images, so even the least restrictive CC license accounts for a total of 12 million photos, and, of course, even the most restrictive CC license still allows for free sharing of the images, as long as the image is not changed and the author is attributed.
  • Tarmo Toikkanen on 26 Mar 09
     
    Analyysia Flickr-kuvapalvelussa käytetyistä avoimista lisensseistä.
  • Tarmo Toikkanen on 26 Mar 09
     
    Flickr now holds the world's largest repository of Creative Commons-licensed images, but according to a new study, most Flickr users opt to license their images under the most restrictive CC license.
Tarmo Toikkanen

Verkko-opetusko parempaa? | verkko-opettajan palapeli - 0 views

heli.edublogs.org/...verkko-opetusko-parempaa

pedagogia opetus verkko-opetus sometu

shared by Tarmo Toikkanen on 07 Sep 09 - Cached
  • Eroja löydettiin oppimiseen käytetyssä ajassa, opetussuunnitelmissa ja pedagogiikassa. Online oppiminen sai käyttämään enemmän aikaa oppimiseen kuin luokkahuone. Online oppimisessa reflektiointi ja kollaboraatio olivat keskeisiä tehokkuuden lisääjiä. Opiskelijalle tuli antaa kontrollia toimintaansa oppimisympäristössä. Tarkat skriptit, ohjeistukset eivät tuottaneet parannusta (tästä suomalaiset väikkärit ovat antaneet erilaisia tietoa). Opettajat ja heidän ohjauksensa tuppasivat olemaan parempia online kuin muuten. Oppimaan oppiminen toteutui paremmin verkossa.
  • Tarmo Toikkanen on 07 Sep 09
     
    Heli Nurmi innostui lukemaan USA:n Department of Education uutta raporttia Evaluation of Evidence Based Practices in Online Learning - A Meta Analysis and Review of Online Learning Studies. Siinä kun päätuloksena on online opetuksen paremmuus. Miten tuloksiin on päästy?
Tarmo Toikkanen

Transfer of learning - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 0 views

en.wikipedia.org/...Transfer_of_learning

transfer siirtovaikutus learning

shared by Tarmo Toikkanen on 23 Nov 09 - Cached
  • Type Characteristics Near Overlap between situations, original and transfer contexts are similar Far Little overlap between situations, original and transfer settings are dissimilar Positive What is learned in one context enhances learning in a different setting (+) Negative What is learned in one context hinders or delays learning in a different setting (+) Vertical Knowledge of a previous topic is essential to acquire new knowledge (++) Horizontal Knowledge of a previous topic is not essential but helpful to learn a new topic (++) Literal Intact knowledge transfers to new task Figural Use some aspect of general knowledge to think or learn about a problem Low Road Transfer of well-established skills in almost automatic fashion High Road Transfer involves abstraction so conscious formulations of connections between contexts High Road /Forward Reaching Abstracting situations from a learning context to a potential transfer context High Road / Backward Reaching Abstracting in the transfer context features of a previous situation where new skills and knowledge were learned
  • Tarmo Toikkanen on 23 Nov 09
     
    "Transfer (of learning) research can be loosely framed as the study of the dependency of human conduct, learning or performance on prior experience."
  • Tarmo Toikkanen on 23 Nov 09
     
    Siirtovaikutus, eli kuinka yhdessä kontekstissa opittu siirtyy käytettäväksi toisiin konteksteihin. Klassinen opetuksen ongelma, kuinka siirtovaikutus saadaan syntymään.
Tarmo Toikkanen

Cognitive Daily: Does mentioning SEX help students learn about other stuff too? - 0 views

scienceblogs.com/..._mentioning_sex_help_stude.php

pedagogy lecture in english

shared by Tarmo Toikkanen on 24 Feb 09 - Cached
  • Sexy examples, it seems, distract from the learning task. The researchers aren't suggesting that teachers start using boring examples, either -- what's best is to present only information that's relevant to what's being learned. Adding in irrelevant examples, especially the juicy ones, only makes learning more difficult.
  • In the study, the irrelevant materials were about 30 percent of the total material presented. Maybe if attention-getting examples could be reduced to, say, 10 percent of the total, they'd serve their purpose without getting in the way of learning.
  • Tarmo Toikkanen on 24 Feb 09
     
    Luennon höystäminen mielenkiintoisilla asiaan liittymättömillä tarinoilla voi jopa haitata oppimista.
  • Tarmo Toikkanen on 24 Feb 09
     
    Spicing up a lecture with irrelevant examples and anecdotes: Students can apply information better if the irrelevant sections are boring. If they are very interesting or sexy, they do worse.
Tarmo Toikkanen

wePapers - Creating the world's biggest study group - 0 views

www.wepapers.com

sosmedop education academic in english

shared by Tarmo Toikkanen on 18 Dec 08 - Cached
  • Tarmo Toikkanen on 18 Dec 08
     
    WePapers sisältää web-luettavia dokumentteja akateemisista oppiaineista.
Tarmo Toikkanen

Lasten verkossa kohtaamista riskeistä - 0 views

coolcatteacher.blogspot.com/...ranger-danger-is-not-risk.html

2008 sosmedop sometu riskit lapset

shared by Tarmo Toikkanen on 19 Nov 08 - Cached
  • Tarmo Toikkanen on 19 Nov 08
     
    Rochester Institute of Technology on tutkinut USAn koululaisten kohtaamia ongelmia netissä. Kaavio antaa suuntaa erilaisista ongelmista, joihin netissä voi törmätä.
Tarmo Toikkanen

Laptops in lectures | Tony Bates - 0 views

www.tonybates.ca/...laptops-in-lectures

sosmedop pohdintaa in english laptop

shared by Tarmo Toikkanen on 14 Feb 09 - Cached
  • f most students have laptops, why are they still having physically to come to a lecture hall? Why can’t they get a podcast of the lecture? Second, if they are coming, why are the lecturers not requiring them to use their laptops for study?
  • So, yes, there are occasions when lectures work very well. But they should not be the default model for regular teaching in higher education. There are much better ways to teach that will result in better learning over the length of a course or program.
  • Tarmo Toikkanen on 14 Feb 09
     
    Luennolla läppäriä käyttävät opiskelijat pärjäävät opinnoissaan muita huonommin. Miksi? Tässä artikkelissa on pohdintaa aiheesta.
  • Tarmo Toikkanen on 14 Feb 09
     
    An article about students bringing lap-tops to lectures, with research indicating that students who use laptops in class do less well than students without laptops.
Tarmo Toikkanen

How Rewards Can Backfire and Reduce Motivation | PsyBlog - 3 views

www.spring.org.uk/...fire-and-reduce-motivation.php

motivation research reward psychology

shared by Tarmo Toikkanen on 19 Jan 10 - Cached
  • As you can see the expected reward had decreased the amount of spontaneous interest the children took in drawing (and there was no statistically significant difference between the no reward and surprise reward group). So, those who had previously liked drawing were less motivated once they expected to be rewarded for the activity. In fact the expected reward reduced the amount of spontaneous drawing the children did by half. Not only this, but judges rated the pictures drawn by the children expecting a reward as less aesthetically pleasing.
  • Rewards reduce intrinsic motivation
  • In one study smokers who were rewarded for their efforts to quit did better at first but after three months fared worse than those given no rewards and no feedback (Curry et al., 1990). Indeed those given rewards even lied more about the amount they were smoking.
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • tangible rewards tend to have a substantially negative effect on intrinsic motivation (...) Even when tangible rewards are offered as indicators of good performance, they typically decrease intrinsic motivation for interesting activities.
  • This is why play can become work when we get paid. The person who previously enjoyed painting pictures, weaving baskets, playing the cello or even writing blog posts, suddenly finds the task tedious once money has become involved.
  • When we do something for its own sake, because we enjoy it or because it fills some deep-seated desire, we are intrinsically motivated. On the other hand when we do something because we receive some reward, like a certificate or money, this is extrinsic motivation.
  • Rewards have even been found to make people less creative and worse at problem-solving.
  • Tero Toivanen on 19 Jan 10
     
    Miten palkkio vaikuttaa motivaation? Sisäiseen motivaation se vaikuttaa tässä blogissa mainittujen tutkimusten mukaan negatiivisesti.
  • ...1 more comment...
  • Tarmo Toikkanen on 20 Jan 10
     
    Joo, nykyinen motivaatiotutkimus on ihan mielenkiintoista. Vaikka sisäisen ja ulkoisen motivaation jako on jo vähän vanhahtava, on se edelleen hyvä ajattelun väline. Modernimpi tulkinta olisi varmaankin, että sen sijaan, että jännite muodostuisi toimijan ja tehtävän välille, se muodostuu toimijan ja palkkion välille.
  • Tarmo Toikkanen on 20 Jan 10
     
    "Yet psychologists have long known that rewards are overrated. The carrot, of carrot-and-stick fame, is not as effective as we've been led to believe. Rewards work under some circumstances but sometimes they backfire. Spectacularly."
  • Tero Toivanen on 20 Jan 10
     
    Jos tuota sisäistä motivaatiota vertaa Mihály Csíkszentmihályin Flow-ilmiöön, ollaan lähellä samoja asioita. Flow-tilassa ulkoisille palkkioille ei ole tarvetta. Se on mielestäni myös optimaalinen tila oppimista ajatellen. Sosiaalisen median välineet saattavat olla muuten aika hyviä tähän tilaan pääsemiseen. Itseopiskelu voi muuttua lähes addiktiota aiheuttavaksi sen avulla.
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