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spineneuro

Spine And Neuro Surgery Hospital India: Spinal Fusion Surgery: A Step Towards Pain Relief and Improved Functionality - 0 views

spineandneurosurgeryhospitalindia.blogspot.com/...l-fusion-surgery-in-india.html

inter-body fusion surgery cost inter-body fusion surgery top hospitals for spinal fusion surgery spinal fusion surgery spinal fusion surgery cost

shared by spineneuro on 15 Apr 24 - No Cached
  • spineneuro on 15 Apr 24
     
    Zimbabwe patients looking for inter-body fusion surgery cost can save between 40 to 60 percent on costs if they opt for this procedure in India. The top hospitals for spinal fusion surgery are dedicated to relieving patients from back pain and helping them overcome spine disorders. With the latest technology and top spine surgeons, inter-body fusion surgery costs boast an accuracy rate of about 80-90 percent.
Nathan Goodyear

The Ketogenic Diet and Sport: A Possible Marriage? : Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews - 0 views

journals.lww.com/..._and_Sport___A_Possible.8.aspx

nutrition diet ketogenic ketogenic diet sports athletes exercise sports medicine

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 16 Nov 16 - No Cached
  • It is important to note that, although the blood level of glucose drops, it still remains at a physiological level (23), which is maintained through gluconeogenesis involving glucogenic amino acids and also glycerol released from triglycerides
  • “physiological ketosis” where KB levels may rise to 7 to 8 mmol L-1 (but without any pH change). In “pathological diabetic ketoacidosis,” on the other hand, ketonemia can exceed 20 mmol L-1 and also cause lowering of blood pH
  • in the initial phase of KD, about 16% of glucose comes from glycerol (released from triglyceride hydrolysis) and the bulk (60–65 g) from proteins via gluconeogenesis (proteins may be of either dietary or endogenous origin
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • the protein supply consumed during a KD “preserves,” as demonstrated, lean body mass
  • The importance of glycerol as a glucose source increases progressively during ketosis; in fact, glycerol passes from supplying 16% of total glucose to an average of 60% after many days (>7 d) of complete fasting (from 38% in lean individual to 79% in the obese).
  • The possible reasons for the effectiveness of KD for weight loss may be listed as follows, in order of evidence, strongest first: Figure 3Image Tools 1. Appetite reduction: protein satiety, effects on appetite-related hormones such as ghrelin, and possibly a sort of direct appetite-blocking effect of KB 2. Reduced lipogenesis and increased fat oxidation 3. A reduction in respiratory quotient may indicate a greater metabolic efficiency in fat oxidation 4. A thermic effect of proteins and increased energy usage by gluconeogenesis
  • all data regarding biochemical and molecular mechanisms suggest that it is very difficult to increase muscle mass during a KD; use of which really should be limited to the few days immediately before competition in bodybuilding.
  • a long-term KD can interfere with some muscle hypertrophy mechanisms and this could be counterproductive if the aim of the athlete is to gain muscle mass
  • Nathan Goodyear on 16 Nov 16
     
    Great read on the ketogenic  and its application to sports/training...
wheelchairindia9

Tynor Elastic Knee Support - 0 views

www.wheelchairindia.com/...Tynor-Elastic-Knee-Support

Tynor Knee Immobilizer Give Extra Protection extra Patellar strap Elastic knee Support free movement of the knee joint provides great relief rigid lateral immobilization highly durable perfect grip to the leg

shared by wheelchairindia9 on 16 Mar 16 - No Cached
  • wheelchairindia9 on 16 Mar 16
     
    Tynor Elastic Knee Support Elastic knee Support is a versatile knee support which offers the advantage of controlled compression around the knee and a rigid lateral immobilization and support of a splint. It allows normal flexion and free movement of the knee joint. Patellar Opening. Easy application. Controlled compression. Perfect lateral splinting. Mimics movement of natural joint. Tynor Elastic Knee Support Features Strong aluminum Hinges Rigid side splinting Free flexion movement. Open patella design Release patellar pressure. Hold the patella in position Can be used for Patellofemoral diseases Wrap design Easy application and removal on swollen or asymmetric knees Easy application and removal for weak or geriatric patients. Allows customized compression Offers flexibility in sizing Patellar cushion Improves patient comfort Improves compression Improves grip of the product Large dorsal opening Ensures no buckling on bending No vaso constriction on the dorsal area Improves patient comfort and compliance.
wheelchairindia9

Tynor Elbow Support - 0 views

www.wheelchairindia.com/...Tynor-Elbow-Support

Wrist Brace Support Double Lock Gives Rigid Support rigid and comfortable to wear provides extra stretch bilayered cotton surface elbow and forearm joint partially immobilize the wrist pain inflammation and stiffness

shared by wheelchairindia9 on 23 Mar 16 - No Cached
  • wheelchairindia9 on 23 Mar 16
     
    Tynor Wrist Brace with Double Lock is designed with a double lock that will make it simple to apply and remove. Its double lock feature gives rigid support to the wrist. It partially keeps the wrist immobilized. It can easily adjust the compression around the affected area as per the desire. It provides the warming feel to the injured area to allay the local pain and inflammation. It has a high modulus of elasticity which works for a long time, even if use this on a regularl basis. It has striped elastic webbing which is of high quality material. This double lock wrist brace is strong, rigid and comfortable to wear. Its material is porous in nature which keeps the affected area air ventilated. It can adjust the compression pressure according to the will. Its double hook loop locking system is easy to apply and remove as well as comes with universal sizing. This wrist brace provides strength and support to the wrist and keep the wrist protected against the further injury or damage. Tynor Wrist Brace with Double Lock Wrist brace with double lock is designed to support, protect and partially immobilize the wrist. It compresses the area and retain the body heat to allay local pain and inflammation. Extra grip. Extra porous Controlled compression. Easy application. Tynor Wrist Brace with Double Lock Features High quality, striped elastic webbing Strong and durable Porous and comfortable High modulus of elasticity- Retains shape and size for a long time. Excellent compressive strength, better support Hook loop Double locking Easy to apply and remove Ensures optimal compression Better fitting and universal sizing. Tynor Elbow Support Elbow support provides firm compression, warmth & support to the forearm and the elbow joint, to allay pain inflammation and stiffness, generally associated with old age, arthritis, sports injury etc. Light weight Four way stretch Freely breathable Soft and comfortable Tynor Elbow Support Features Anatom
Nathan Goodyear

effects of beta-hydroxybutyrate on cognition in memory-impaired adults - 0 views

w.numedica.net/...Reger%202004.pdf

ketogenic diet ketone bodies ketosis Alzheimer's disease neurodegenerative disease MCT medium chain fatty acids

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 25 Jun 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 25 Jun 12
     
    Those with Alzheimer's disease have associated dysfunction of glucose metabolism in the brain, particularly in the hippocampus. It has been reported that a ketogenic diet can improve cognitive function in these individuals. In this study, the ketone bodies were initiated through a diet high in medium chain fatty acids. The ketone bodies served as an alternative fuel source for the brain.
Nathan Goodyear

Testosterone and glucose metabolism in men: current concepts and controversies - 0 views

joe.endocrinology-journals.org/...R37.full

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 04 Feb 14 - No Cached
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 04 Feb 14
       
      80% of E2 production in men, that will cause low T in men, comes from SQ adiposity.  This leads to increase in visceral adiposity.
  • Only 5% of men with type 2 diabetes have elevated LH levels (Dhindsa et al. 2004, 2011). This is consistent with recent findings that the inhibition of the gonadal axis predominantly takes place in the hypothalamus, especially with more severe obesity
  • Metabolic factors, such as leptin, insulin (via deficiency or resistance) and ghrelin are believed to act at the ventromedial and arcuate nuclei of the hypothalamus to inhibit gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GNRH) secretion
  • ...32 more annotations...
  • kisspeptin has emerged as one of the most potent secretagogues of GNRH release
  • Consistent with the hypothesis that obesity-mediated inhibition of kisspeptin signalling contributes to the suppression of the HPT axis, infusion of a bioactive kisspeptin fragment has been recently shown to robustly increase LH pulsatility, LH levels and circulating testosterone in hypotestosteronaemic men with type 2 diabetes
  • Figure 4
  • Interestingly, a recent 16-week study of experimentally induced hypogonadism in healthy men with graded testosterone add-back either with or without concomitant aromatase inhibitor treatment has in fact suggested that low oestradiol (but not low testosterone) may be responsible for the hypogonadism-associated increase in total body and intra-abdominal fat mass
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 04 Feb 14
       
      This does not fit with the research on receptors, specifically estrogen receptors.  These studies that the authors are referencing are looking at "circulating" levels, not tissue levels.
  • A smaller study with a similar experimental design found that acute testosterone withdrawal reduced insulin sensitivity independent of body weight, whereas oestradiol withdrawal had no effects
  • Obesity and dysglycaemia and associated comorbidities such as obstructive sleep apnoea (Hoyos et al. 2012b) are important contributors to the suppression of the HPT axis
  • This is supported by observational studies showing that weight gain and development of diabetes accelerate the age-related decline in testosterone
  • Weight loss can reactivate the hypothalamic–pituitary–testicular axis
  • The hypothalamic–pituitary–testicular axis remains responsive to treatment with aromatase inhibitors or selective oestrogen receptor modulators in obese men
  • Kisspeptin treatment increases LH secretion, pulse frequency and circulating testosterone levels in hypotestosteronaemic men with type 2 diabetes
  • Several observational and randomised studies reviewed in Grossmann (2011) have shown that weight loss, whether by diet or surgery, leads to substantial increases in testosterone, especially in morbidly obese men
  • This suggests that weight loss can lead to genuine reactivation of the gonadal axis by reversal of obesity-associated hypothalamic suppression
  • There is pre-clinical and observational evidence that chronic hyperglycaemia can inhibit the HPT axis
  • in those men in whom glycaemic control worsened, testosterone decreased
  • successful weight loss combined with optimisation of glycaemic control may be sufficient to normalise circulating testosterone levels in the majority of such men
  • weight loss, optimisation of diabetic control and assiduous care of comorbidities should remain the first-line approach.
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 04 Feb 14
       
      This obviously goes against marketing-based medicine
  • In part, the discrepant results may be due to the fact men in the Vigen cohort (Vigen et al. 2013) had a higher burden of comorbidities. Given that one (Basaria et al. 2010), but not all (Srinivas-Shankar et al. 2010), RCTs in men with a similarly high burden of comorbidities reported an increase in cardiovascular events in men randomised to testosterone treatment (see section on Testosterone therapy: potential risks below) (Basaria et al. 2010), testosterone should be used with caution in frail men with multiple comorbidities
  • The retrospective, non-randomised and non-blinded design of these studies (Shores et al. 2012, Muraleedharan et al. 2013, Vigen et al. 2013) leaves open the possibility for residual confounding and multiple other sources of bias. These have been elegantly summarised by Wu (2012).
  • Effects of testosterone therapy on body composition were metabolically favourable with modest decreases in fat mass and increases in lean body mass
  • This suggests that testosterone has limited effects on glucose metabolism in relatively healthy men with only mildly reduced testosterone.
  • it is conceivable that testosterone treatment may have more significant effects on glucose metabolism in uncontrolled diabetes, akin to what has generally been shown for conventional anti-diabetic medications.
  • the evidence from controlled studies show that testosterone therapy consistently reduces fat mass and increases lean body mass, but inconsistently decreases insulin resistance.
  • Interestingly, testosterone therapy does not consistently improve glucose metabolism despite a reduction in fat mass and an increase in lean mass
  • the majority of RCTs (recently reviewed in Ng Tang Fui et al. (2013a)) showed that testosterone therapy does not reduce visceral fat
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 04 Feb 14
       
      visceral and abdominal adiposity are biologically different and thus the risks associated with the two are different.
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 04 Feb 14
       
      yet low T is associated with an increase in visceral adiposity--confusing!
  • testosterone therapy decreases SHBG
  • testosterone is inversely associated with total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglyceride (Tg) levels, but positively associated with HDL cholesterol levels, even if adjusted for confounders
  • Although observational studies show a consistent association of low testosterone with adverse lipid profiles, whether testosterone therapy exerts beneficial effects on lipid profiles is less clear
  • Whereas testosterone-induced decreases in total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and Lpa are expected to reduce cardiovascular risk, testosterone also decreases the levels of the cardio-protective HDL cholesterol. Therefore, the net effect of testosterone therapy on cardiovascular risk remains uncertain.
  • data have not shown evidence that testosterone causes prostate cancer, or that it makes subclinical prostate cancer grow
  • compared with otherwise healthy young men with organic androgen deficiency, there may be increased risks in older, obese men because of comorbidities and of decreased testosterone clearance
  • recent evidence that fat accumulation may be oestradiol-, rather than testosterone-dependent
Nathan Goodyear

JISSN | Full text | International Society of Sports Nutrition position stand: creatine supplementation and exercise - 0 views

www.jissn.com/6

creatine sports nutrition exercise

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 27 Jan 14 - No Cached
  • the energy supplied to rephosphorylate adenosine diphosphate (ADP) to adenosine triphosphate (ATP) during and following intense exercise is largely dependent on the amount of phosphocreatine (PCr) stored in the muscle
  • Creatine is chemically known as a non-protein nitrogen
  • It is synthesized in the liver and pancreas from the amino acids arginine, glycine, and methionine
  • ...26 more annotations...
  • Approximately 95% of the body's creatine is stored in skeletal muscle
  • About two thirds of the creatine found in skeletal muscle is stored as phosphocreatine (PCr) while the remaining amount of creatine is stored as free creatine
  • The body breaks down about 1 – 2% of the creatine pool per day (about 1–2 grams/day) into creatinine in the skeletal muscle
  • The magnitude of the increase in skeletal muscle creatine content is important because studies have reported performance changes to be correlated to this increase
  • "loading" protocol. This protocol is characterized by ingesting approximately 0.3 grams/kg/day of CM for 5 – 7 days (e.g., ≃5 grams taken four times per day) and 3–5 grams/day thereafter [18,22]. Research has shown a 10–40% increase in muscle creatine and PCr stores using this protocol
  • Additional research has reported that the loading protocol may only need to be 2–3 days in length to be beneficial, particularly if the ingestion coincides with protein and/or carbohydrate
  • A few studies have reported protocols with no loading period to be sufficient for increasing muscle creatine (3 g/d for 28 days)
  • Cycling protocols involve the consumption of "loading" doses for 3–5 days every 3 to 4 weeks
  • Most of these forms of creatine have been reported to be no better than traditional CM in terms of increasing strength or performance
  • Recent studies do suggest, however, that adding β-alanine to CM may produce greater effects than CM alone
  • These investigations indicate that the combination may have greater effects on strength, lean mass, and body fat percentage; in addition to delaying neuromuscular fatigue
  • creatine phosphate has been reported to be as effective as CM at improving LBM and strength
  • Green et al. [24] reported that adding 93 g of carbohydrate to 5 g of CM increased total muscle creatine by 60%
  • Steenge et al. [23] reported that adding 47 g of carbohydrate and 50 g of protein to CM was as effective at promoting muscle retention of creatine as adding 96 g of carbohydrate.
  • It appears that combining CM with carbohydrate or carbohydrate and protein produces optimal results
  • Studies suggest that increasing skeletal muscle creatine uptake may enhance the benefits of training
  • Nearly 70% of these studies have reported a significant improvement in exercise capacity,
  • Long-term CM supplementation appears to enhance the overall quality of training, leading to 5 to 15% greater gains in strength and performance
  • Nearly all studies indicate that "proper" CM supplementation increases body mass by about 1 to 2 kg in the first week of loading
  • short-term adaptations reported from CM supplementation include increased cycling power, total work performed on the bench press and jump squat, as well as improved sport performance in sprinting, swimming, and soccer
  • Long-term adaptations when combining CM supplementation with training include increased muscle creatine and PCr content, lean body mass, strength, sprint performance, power, rate of force development, and muscle diameter
  • subjects taking CM typically gain about twice as much body mass and/or fat free mass (i.e., an extra 2 to 4 pounds of muscle mass during 4 to 12 weeks of training) than subjects taking a placebo
  • The gains in muscle mass appear to be a result of an improved ability to perform high-intensity exercise via increased PCr availability and enhanced ATP synthesis, thereby enabling an athlete to train harder
  • there is no evidence to support the notion that normal creatine intakes (< 25 g/d) in healthy adults cause renal dysfunction
  • no long-term side effects have been observed in athletes (up to 5 years),
  • One cohort of patients taking 1.5 – 3 grams/day of CM has been monitored since 1981 with no significant side effects
  • Nathan Goodyear on 27 Jan 14
     
    Nice review of the data, up to the publication date, on creatine.
Nathan Goodyear

Muscle Strength, Body Composition, and Physical Activity in Women Receiving Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer - 0 views

ict.sagepub.com/...183.abstract

chemotherapy lean body mass muscle muscle mass weight weight gain women breast cancer body composition

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 08 Oct 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 08 Oct 14
     
    Chemotherapy is associated with a decline in lean body mass.  This could play a role in increase weight, especially in pre menopause women.
Fitness Dada

Best Lower body workouts for women - Fitness Dada - 0 views

www.fitnessdada.com/...best-lower-body-workouts-women

best lower body workout home workouts for women at

shared by Fitness Dada on 01 Jun 15 - No Cached
  • Fitness Dada on 01 Jun 15
     
    It is a myth that lower body workouts can be performed with the health club's machines. If you really want to reshape or resize the lower body part then you need the gender appropriate and well-framed exercise program that can be done from home.
Nathan Goodyear

Weight changes, sodium levels, and performance in the South African... - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...12466696

endurance athletes Ironman triathlon sodium body weight

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 27 Jan 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 27 Jan 15
     
    Body weight post race was inversely associated with serum sodium i.e.  less weight loss was associated with lower serum sodium.  Body weight loss was unrelated to marathon time.
nucosmeticclinic

Advanced Body Contouring Procedure in Manchester - Vaser Liposuction - 0 views

www.nucosmeticclinic.co.uk/vaserliposuction-manchesteruk

liposuction Manchester vaser look fit body contouring lipo treatment Nu Cosmetic Clinic weight loss treatments

shared by nucosmeticclinic on 31 Oct 15 - No Cached
  • nucosmeticclinic on 31 Oct 15
     
    Are you looking to shape up your body? Do you want to look fit instead of looking fat? Then get yourself toned and get an attractive body shape with vaser liposuction in Manchester which is an advanced body contouring procedure.
damienmatcham

How to ensure a healthy heart and body? - 0 views

www.yumpu.com/...damien-matcham

Former Katungul CEO Damien Matcham

shared by damienmatcham on 28 Feb 20 - No Cached
  • damienmatcham on 28 Feb 20
     
    Former Katungul CEO Damien Matcham agrees to the fact that this would bring stiffness to the whole body parts and lower the blood circulation levels inside the body.
umar111

Body Luxuries Intense Perfume - 0 views

plazzapk.blogspot.com/...-luxuries-intense-perfume.html

Best Perfumes Body Luxuries Perfume

shared by umar111 on 31 Mar 23 - No Cached
  • umar111 on 31 Mar 23
     
    Unique blend of floral, woody, and fruity notes create a bold and intense scent. Long-lasting fragrance that can last for up to 12 hours. Affordable price point makes it accessible to a wide range of consumers. Sleek and elegant packaging adds a luxurious touch to any perfume collection. Cons: The bold and intense scent may not be suitable for those who prefer more subtle fragrances. Some people may find the scent too overpowering for everyday wear. The longevity of the fragrance may vary depending on individual body chemistry. Limited availability in some regions may make it difficult to purchase for some consumers.
obat sehat

Diabetes - 0 views

sehatobat.blogspot.com/...es-alami-solusi-mengatasi.html

obesity hormones disease

shared by obat sehat on 04 Dec 12 - No Cached
  • obat sehat on 04 Dec 12
     
    Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas to control blood sugar. Diabetes can be caused by too little insulin, resistance to insulin, or both. To understand diabetes, it is important to first understand the normal process by which food is broken down and used by the body for energy. Several things happen when food is digested: A sugar called glucose enters the bloodstream. Glucose is a source of fuel for the body. An organ called the pancreas makes insulin. The role of insulin is to move glucose from the bloodstream into muscle, fat, and liver cells, where it can be used as fuel. People with diabetes have high blood sugar because their body cannot move sugar into fat, liver, and muscle cells to be stored for energy. This is because either: Their pancreas does not make enough insulin Their cells do not respond to insulin normally Both of the above There are two major types of diabetes. The causes and risk factors are different for each type: Type 1 diabetes can occur at any age, but it is most often diagnosed in children, teens, or young adults. In this disease, the body makes little or no insulin. Daily injections of insulin are needed. The exact cause is unknown. Type 2 diabetes makes up most diabetes cases. It most often occurs in adulthood. However, because of high obesity rates, teens and young adults are now being diagnosed with it. Many people with type 2 diabetes do not know they have it. Gestational diabetes is high blood sugar that develops at any time during pregnancy in a woman who does not have diabetes. Diabetes affects more than 20 million Americans. Over 40 million Americans have pre-diabetes (which often comes before type 2 diabetes).
Nathan Goodyear

Testosterone: a metabolic hormone in health and disease - 0 views

joe.endocrinology-journals.org/...R25.full

male hormone hormones testosterone hypogonadal-obesity-adipocytokine hypothesis

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 08 May 13 - No Cached
  • E2 and the inflammatory adipocytokines tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα) and interleukin 6 (IL6) inhibit hypothalamic production of GNRH and subsequent release of LH and FSH from the pituitary
  • Leptin, an adipose-derived hormone with a well-known role in regulation of body weight and food intake, also induces LH release under normal conditions via stimulation of hypothalamic GNRH neurons
  • In human obesity, whereby adipocytes are producing elevated amounts of leptin, the hypothalamic–pituitary axis becomes leptin resistant
  • ...39 more annotations...
  • there is evidence from animal studies that leptin resistance, inflammation and oestrogens inhibit neuronal release of kisspeptin
  • Beyond hypothalamic action, leptin also directly inhibits the stimulatory action of gonadotrophins on the Leydig cells of the testis to decrease testosterone production; therefore, elevated leptin levels in obesity may further diminish androgen status
  • Prostate cancer patients with pre-existing T2DM show a further deterioration of insulin resistance and worsening of diabetic control following ADT
  • ADT for the treatment of prostatic carcinoma in some large epidemiological studies has been shown to be associated with an increased risk of developing MetS and T2DM
  • Non-diabetic men undergoing androgen ablation show increased occurrence of new-onset diabetes and demonstrate elevated insulin levels and worsening glycaemic control
  • increasing insulin resistance assessed by glucose tolerence test and hypoglycemic clamp was shown to be associated with a decrease in Leydig cell testosterone secretion in men
  • The response to testosterone replacement of insulin sensitivity is in part dependent on the androgen receptor (AR)
  • Low levels of testosterone have been associated with an atherogenic lipoprotein profile, characterised by high LDL and triglyceride levels
  • a positive correlation between serum testosterone and HDL has been reported in both healthy and diabetic men
  • up to 70% of the body's insulin sensitivity is accounted for by muscle
  • Testosterone deficiency is associated with a decrease in lean body mass
  • relative muscle mass is inversely associated with insulin resistance and pre-diabetes
  • GLUT4 and IRS1 were up-regulated in cultured adipocytes and skeletal muscle cells following testosterone treatment at low dose and short-time incubations
  • local conversion of testosterone to DHT and activation of AR may be important for glucose uptake
  • inverse correlation between testosterone levels and adverse mitochondrial function
  • orchidectomy of male Wistar rats and associated testosterone deficiency induced increased absorption of glucose from the intestine
  • (Kelley & Mandarino 2000). Frederiksen et al. (2012a) recently demonstrated that testosterone may influence components of metabolic flexibility as 6 months of transdermal testosterone treatment in aging men with low–normal bioavailable testosterone levels increased lipid oxidation and decreased glucose oxidation during the fasting state.
  • Decreased lipid oxidation coupled with diet-induced chronic FA elevation is linked to increased accumulation of myocellular lipid, in particular diacylglycerol and/or ceramide in myocytes
  • In the Chang human adult liver cell line, insulin receptor mRNA expression was significantly increased following exposure to testosterone
  • Testosterone deprivation via castration of male rats led to decreased expression of Glut4 in liver tissue, as well as adipose and muscle
  • oestrogen was found to increase the expression of insulin receptors in insulin-resistant HepG2 human liver cell line
  • FFA decrease hepatic insulin binding and extraction, increase hepatic gluconeogenesis and increase hepatic insulin resistance.
  • Only one, albeit large-scale, population-based cross-sectional study reports an association between low serum testosterone concentrations and hepatic steatosis in men (Völzke et al. 2010)
  • This suggests that testosterone may confer some of its beneficial effects on hepatic lipid metabolism via conversion to E2 and subsequent activation of ERα.
  • hypogonadal men exhibiting a reduced lean body mass and an increased fat mass, abdominal or central obesity
  • visceral adipose tissue was inversely correlated with bioavailable testosterone
  • there was no change in visceral fat mass in aged men with low testosterone levels following 6 months of transdermal TRT, yet subcutaneous fat mass was significantly reduced in both the thigh and the abdominal areas when analysed by MRI (Frederiksen et al. 2012b)
  • ADT of prostate cancer patients increased both visceral and subcutaneous abdominal fat in a 12-month prospective observational study (Hamilton et al. 2011)
  • Catecholamines are the major lipolysis regulating hormones in man and regulate adipocyte lipolysis through activation of adenylate cyclase to produce cAMP
  • deficiency of androgen action decreases lipolysis and is primarily responsible for the induction of obesity (Yanase et al. 2008)
  • may be some regional differences in the action of testosterone on subcutaneous and visceral adipose function
  • proinflammatory adipocytokines IL1, IL6 and TNFα are increased in obesity with a downstream effect that stimulates liver production of CRP
  • observational evidence suggests that IL1β, IL6, TNFα and CRP are inversely associated with serum testosterone levels in patients
  • TRT has been reported to significantly reduce these proinflammatory mediators
  • This suggests a role for AR in the metabolic actions of testosterone on fat accumulation and adipose tissue inflammatory response
  • testosterone treatment may have beneficial effects on preventing the pathogenesis of obesity by inhibiting adipogenesis, decreasing triglyceride uptake and storage, increasing lipolysis, influencing lipoprotein content and function and may directly reduce fat mass and increase muscle mass
  • Early interventional studies suggest that TRT in hypogonadal men with T2DM and/or MetS has beneficial effects on lipids, adiposity and parameters of insulin sensitivity and glucose control
  • Evidence that whole-body insulin sensitivity is reduced in testosterone deficiency and increases with testosterone replacement supports a key role of this hormone in glucose and lipid metabolism
  • Impaired insulin sensitivity in these three tissues is characterised by defects in insulin-stimulated glucose transport activity, in particular into skeletal muscle, impaired insulin-mediated inhibition of hepatic glucose production and stimulation of glycogen synthesis in liver, and a reduced ability of insulin to inhibit lipolysis in adipose tissue
  • Nathan Goodyear on 08 May 13
     
    Great review of the Hypogonadal-obesity-adipocytokine hypothesis.
wheelchairindia

Pediatric Wheelchair - 0 views

www.wheelchairindia.com/...ric-Wheelchair-1563063041.aspx

Pediatric Wheelchair Pediatric Wheelchair Manufacturers Pediatric Electric Wheelchair Pediatric Power Wheelchair Pediatric Wheelchair Supplier

shared by wheelchairindia on 22 Jun 13 - No Cached
  • wheelchairindia on 22 Jun 13
     
    The body size differences are paralleled by maturational changes. The smaller body of an infant or neonate is substantially different physiologically from that of an adult. Congenital defects, genetic variance, and developmental issues are of greater concern to pediatricians than they often are to adult physicians. A major difference between pediatrics and adult medicine is that children are minors and, in most jurisdictions, cannot make decisions for themselves. The issues of guardianship, privacy, legal responsibility and informed consent must always be considered in every pediatric procedure. In a sense, pediatricians often have to treat the parents and sometimes, the family, rather than just the child. Adolescents are in their own legal class, having rights to their own health care decisions in certain circumstances. In basic terms, pediatricians take care of all of the children's needs from emotional support to medical support. Wheelchair india as Pediatric Wheelchair Manufacturers and Pediatric Wheelchair supplier sale at low cost - price, We Sale online Pediatric Powered Wheelchair and Pediatric Electric Wheelchair at wholesale prices...
Nathan Goodyear

Effects of testosterone on body composition, bone metabolism and serum lipid profile in middle-aged men: a meta-analysis. - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...16117815

Testosterone low t low testosterone Testosterone therapy body composition fat muscle male hormones hormones

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 09 Jan 17 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 09 Jan 17
     
    Meta-analysis finds that Testosterone therapy in men 40+ reduced total body fat with an increase in fat free mass. 
Nathan Goodyear

The role of short-chain fatty acids in the interplay between diet, gut microbiota, and host energy metabolism - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3735932

SCFA gut gut health diet nutrition metabolism gut flora gut microbiota

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 09 Nov 16 - No Cached
  • Acetate, propionate, and butyrate are present in an approximate molar ratio of 60:20:20 in the colon and stool
  • SCFAs might play a key role in the prevention and treatment of the metabolic syndrome, bowel disorders, and certain types of cancer
  • SCFA administration positively influenced the treatment of ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, and antibiotic-associated diarrhea
  • ...16 more annotations...
  • Gut bacteria in the cecum and large intestine produce SCFAs mainly from nondigestible carbohydrates that pass the small intestine unaffected
  • plant cell-wall polysaccharides, oligosaccharides, and resistant starches
  • inulin shifted the relative production of SCFAs from acetate to propionate and butyrate
  • age of approximately 3–4 years, when it becomes mature
  • SCFAs affect lipid, glucose, and cholesterol metabolism
  • colonocytes, the first host cells that take up SCFAs and which depend largely on butyrate for their energy supply
  • the microbiota educate the immune system and increase the tolerance to microbial immunodeterminants
  • the microbiota act as a metabolic organ that can break down otherwise indigestible food components, degrade potentially toxic food compounds like oxalate, and synthesize certain vitamins and amino acids
  • a large part of the SCFAs is used as a source of energy
  • The general idea is that colonocytes prefer butyrate to acetate and propionate, and oxidize it to ketone bodies and CO2
  • Exogenous acetate formed by colonic bacterial fermentation enters the blood compartment and is mixed with endogenous acetate released by tissues and organs (103, 104). Up to 70% of the acetate is taken up by the liver (105), where it is not only used as an energy source, but is also used as a substrate for the synthesis of cholesterol and long-chain fatty acids and as a cosubstrate for glutamine and glutamate synthesis
  • SCFAs regulate the balance between fatty acid synthesis, fatty acid oxidation, and lipolysis in the body.
  • Fatty acid oxidation is activated by SCFAs, while de novo synthesis and lipolysis are inhibited
  • obese animals in this study showed a 50% reduction in relative abundance of the Bacteroidetes (i.e., acetate and propionate producers), whereas the Firmicutes (i.e., butyrate producers) were proportionally increased compared with the lean counterparts.
  • increase in total fecal SCFA concentrations in obese humans.
  • In humans the distinct relation between the Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes ratio and obesity is less clear.
  • Nathan Goodyear on 09 Nov 16
     
    Great review of the role of SCFA in gut health and body metabolism
wheelchairindia9

Best Tennis Elbow Support - 0 views

www.wheelchairindia.com/...Tynor-Tennis-Elbow-Support

Tennis Elbow Support Help Relief From Forearm porous and a comfortable material firm grip with silicon pad Custom compression and fit compressive strength and support free and natural movement

shared by wheelchairindia9 on 25 Mar 16 - No Cached
  • wheelchairindia9 on 25 Mar 16
     
    Tynor Wrist Brace with Thumb is created to reinforce, prevent and partially immobilize the wrist and the palm. This wrist brace allows natural and free activity of the fingers. It keeps the affected area compact and maintains the body heat to lessen the local pain inflammation. Its has high quality striped elastic webbing which provides high modulus of elasticity which gives the comfortable feel. It is made from the strong, durable, porous and a comfortable material which remains for a long time. This Wrist Brace provides excellent compressive strength and support to the wrist. Its Hook loop closures allow easy application and removal. It fits comfortably around the wrist and comes in universal sizing. It also has an anatomical thumb opening which fastens the healing process. It keeps the thumb in relaxed and comfortable position. Its extra porous material allows the proper ventilation to the affected skin. Wrist brace with thumb is designed to support, protect and partially immobilize the wrist and the palm while allowing free and natural movement of the fingers. It compresses the area and retains the body heat to allay local pain and inflammation. Extra grip. Extra porous Controlled compression. Anatomical thumb placement. Tynor Wrist Brace with Thumb Features High quality , striped elastic webbing Strong and durable Porous and comfortable High modulus of elasticity- Retains shape and size for a long time. Excellent compressive strength, better support Hook loop closures Easy to apply and remove Ensures optimal compression Better fitting and universal sizing. Anatomical thumb opening Better pain relief and healing. Thumb in abduction remains relaxed, no fatigue Improves comfort Allows free and natural movement of the thumb and fingers. Tynor tennis elbow support is specially crafted to aid and render relief from generalized pain and tenderness in the forearm and elbow caused by repetitive strain injury due to the firm grip or ac
wheelchairindia9

Tynor Hot and Cold Pack - 0 views

www.wheelchairindia.com/...Tynor-Hot-and-Cold-Pack

Tynor Hot and Cold Pack hot and cold packs hot and cold pack hot and cold pack buy online hot and cold pack india hot and cold pack therapy buy hot and cold pack tynor hot and cold pack prices

shared by wheelchairindia9 on 01 Apr 16 - No Cached
  • wheelchairindia9 on 01 Apr 16
     
    Tynor Hot and Cold Pack is a convenient device to provide hot fomentation or cold compress. Hot fomentation of the injured or inflamed area enhances the threshold of pain and thus reduces the perception of pain. It has a synergistic effect along with pain relieving drugs. Raising temperature of the injured tissue also enhances the blood profusion and the healing process. Hot fomentation has a relaxing effect. Cold compress helps in reduction of inflammation in injuries, protects by slowing the metabolic rate around the tissue, reduce oedema and bleeding. Cold compress helps in immediately lowering fever, in very high fever conditions. It can be used after an acute injury or surgical procedure. No heat or cryo burns. Requires no holding. Reusable. Easy application. Appealing aesthetics. Tynor Hot and Cold Pack Features Multi functionality Reduce swelling and odema at the site of injury. Muscles spasm and pain. Headache and minor injuries. Versatile design Can be used as either cold or hot pack. Reusable in either hot & cold condition. Temperature range - Can be used from 0 Cº to 75Cº. Longer temperature retention time. Fabric cover ensures no cryo burns or hot skin burns. Physical features Non-toxic, and biodegradable. Gel remains soft and flexible upto 0 degree. Durable, and puncture resistant. Soft, "frost free" PVC cover. Flexible conforms to the body contours. Easy to clean and maintain. Excellent workmanship. Good aesthetics. Elastic belt Holds the pack against the body, No need to hold by hand. Enhances convenience. Tynor Hot and Cold Pack Measurements
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