PLOS ONE: Depletion of Brain Docosahexaenoic Acid Impairs Recovery from Traumatic Brain... - 0 views
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The polyunsaturated fatty acids linoleic (LA, 18:2n-6) and linolenic acid (LNA, 18:3n-3) are essential fatty acids that cannot be synthesized by the body.
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LNA serves as the precursor for long chain omega-3 fatty acids such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) while LA is converted into long chain omega-6 fatty acids such as arachidonic acid (AA)
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DHA and AA are abundantly found in the brain, where these are stored mainly in membrane phospholipids
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DHA has been shown to increase neurite outgrowth and synaptogenesis, and promotes glutamatergic neurotransmission through increase in glutamate receptor subunit expression
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DHA has been shown to be converted to anti-inflammatory, proresolving and neuroprotective mediators, such as resolvins [7] and protectins
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AA is converted by cyclooxygenases into 2-series prostaglandins and 4-series leukotrienes, most of which exert pro-inflammatory effects
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Supplementation of DHA exerts neuroprotective effects and has been reported to afford protection from diffuse axonal injury [11] and mixed brain injury [12] as well
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severe depletion of membrane DHA in the brain renders mice significantly more susceptible to TBI and impairs recovery following the injury
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Omega-3 fatty acids may serve as nutraceutical agents and precondition the brain to make it more resilient to injury
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it can be suggested that enriching DHA in the brain may be prophylactic and protective against brain injury
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severe DHA deficiency in the brain impairs functional recovery from TBI in terms of vestibulo-motor and cognitive deficits
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less neurons were found around the injury site of DHA deficient brain after TBI compared to the omega-3 fatty acid adequate group