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Nathan Goodyear

A Branched-Chain Amino Acid-Related Metabolic Signature that Differentiates Obese and L... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3640280

metabolism insulin resistance high protein diet obesity branched chain overload hypothesis

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 21 Oct 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 21 Oct 13
     
    Rat study found that High fat and high branch chain amino acid intake long-term leads to insulin resistance.  This occurred through phosphorylation of insulin signaling downstream and differed between lean versus obese individuals.  
Nathan Goodyear

Interplay between lipids and branched-chain amino acids in development of insulin resis... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3695706

protein high diet insulin resistance metabolism obesity diabetes fatty acids essential

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 21 Oct 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 21 Oct 13
     
    High branch chain amino acids can promote insulin resistance.  This study points out that long-term high protein dietary intake can actually have significant deleterious effects and lead to disease.  A high fat diet appears to be required for this effect.
Nathan Goodyear

Three targets of branched-chain amino acid supplementation in the treatment of liver di... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...20071143

BCAA branched chain amino acids liver cirrhosis amino acids

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 05 Oct 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 05 Oct 15
     
    BCAA supplementation in those individuals with liver cirrhosis improves hyperammonemia, nutritional status, hepatic encephalopathy, liver regeneration, and hepatic cachexia.
Nathan Goodyear

Effect of long-term oral supplementation with branched-chain amino acid granules on the... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...2606303

BCAA branched chain amino acids liver cirrhosis amino acids

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 05 Oct 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 05 Oct 15
     
    long term BCAA supplementation (defined as > 6 months) shown to be safe and effective in liver cirrhosis malnutrition, liver failure and hepatic encephalopathy.
Nathan Goodyear

Branched-Chain Amino Acid Supplementation in Patients with Liver Diseases - 0 views

jn.nutrition.org/...1596S.long

BCAA branched chain amino acids amino acids liver cirrhosis

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 05 Oct 15 - No Cached
  • the optimum amount of BCAA supplements for liver disease has not been determined,
  • BCAAs not only provide substrates for protein synthesis but also accelerate the biochemical machinery, which facilitates liver regeneration, compensating for progressive liver-cell death
  • rapamycin signaling in the liver, a well-demonstrated effect of BCAAs, promotes albumin synthesis in the liver
  • ...1 more annotation...
  • the amount of BCAAs supplied in the various studies is extremely variable
  • Nathan Goodyear on 05 Oct 15
     
    BCAA effective in patients with liver cirrhosis, liver cancer, and liver transplant.  BCAA improve the liver regenerative capacity.
Nathan Goodyear

Nutritional supplementation with branched-chain amino acids in advanced cirrhosis: a do... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...12806613

BCAA branched chain amino acids liver cirrhosis amino acids

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 05 Oct 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 05 Oct 15
     
    BCAA beneficial in malnutrition, anorexia, and QOL measures in patients with liver failure.
Nathan Goodyear

Branched-Chain Amino Acid Enriched Supplements as Therapy for Liver Disease - 0 views

jn.nutrition.org/...295S.long

BCAA branched chain amino acids liver cirrhosis disease amino acids

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 05 Oct 15 - No Cached
  • The most compelling basis for a more widespread prescription of BCAA supplements to patients with cirrhosis is the potential to avert general hepatic decompensation and subsequent death and liver transplantation
  • Nathan Goodyear on 05 Oct 15
     
    Good review of the evidence of BCAA therapy and liver disease.
Nathan Goodyear

Branched-chain amino acids in liver diseases - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3837260

BCAA branched chain amino acids liver cirrhosis disease

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 05 Oct 15 - No Cached
  • Serum concentrations of BCAAs are decreased, while the concentrations of the aromatic amino acids (AAAs) phenylalanine and tyrosine are increased, in patients with advanced liver diseases, resulting in a low ratio of BCAAs to AAAs, a ratio called the Fischer ratio
  • BCAAs were reported to stimulate the production of hepatocyte growth factor
  • a simplified Fischer ratio, the BCAA to tyrosine ratio (BTR), has been reported useful for predicting serum albumin concentration one year later
  • ...10 more annotations...
  • BCAA supplementation was shown to delay the progression of CCl4-induced chronic liver injury in a rat model by reducing hepatic apoptosis
  • BCAAs promoted hepatocyte regeneration in a rat model of hepatectomy
  • BCAA supplementation for advanced cirrhotic patients improves nutritional status and quality of life
  • BCAAs activate mTOR and subsequently increase the production of eukaryotic initiation factor 4E-binding protein-1 and ribosomal protein S6 kinase, which upregulate the synthesis of albumin
  • BCAAs were shown to improve homeostasis model assessment scores for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and beta cell function (HOMA-%B) in patients with chronic liver disease, indicating that BCAAs can ameliorate insulin resistance
  • Several clinical trials have suggested that BCAA supplementation improves the prognosis of cirrhotic patients
  • A low Fischer ratio has been associated with hepatic encephalopathy
  • Treatment with BCAAs may therefore have a beneficial effect on patients with hepatic encephalopathy mainly by compensating decreased ratio of BCAAs to AAAs, but not by reducing serum ammonia levels
  • Two randomized studies also showed that BCAAs did not clearly prevent HE in patients with advanced cirrhosis, although BCAAs prevented the progression of hepatic failure
  • a systematic review with meta-analyses on the effect of oral BCAAs for the treatment of HE was published[66]. The review has revealed that supplementation of oral BCAAs in cirrhotic patients inhibits the manifestation of HE, especially in patients with overt HE rather than those with minimal HE, but showed no effect on the survival of those patients[66]. Thus, oral administration of BCAAs is the treatment of choice in cirrhotic patients with HE
  • Nathan Goodyear on 05 Oct 15
     
    good review of BCAA and liver disease: both mechanisms and therapy.
Nathan Goodyear

A high proportion of leucine is required for optimal stimulation of the rate of muscle ... - 0 views

ajpendo.physiology.org/...E381.full

leucine muscle

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 08 Mar 11 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 08 Mar 11
     
    amino acid leucine promotes muscle protein synthesis
Nathan Goodyear

Leucine Regulates Translation Initiation of Protein Synthesis in Skeletal Muscle after ... - 0 views

jn.nutrition.org/...533S.short

Leucine BCAA branch chain amino acids exercise athletes athletics

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 10 Oct 11 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 10 Oct 11
     
    Leucine, a branch chain amino acid, important in promoting protein synthesis and thus muscle growth.  Very important post-exercise and in athletes
Nathan Goodyear

Amino acid management in cancer - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC4800996

amino acids cancer nutrition diet

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 15 Mar 19 - No Cached
hoangkimchi liked it
  • Nathan Goodyear on 15 Mar 19
     
    Serine, glycine, glutamine, glutamate, asparagine upregulated in cancer. Most glutamine is converted to glutamate to drive alpha-ketoglutarate production to drive energy production. It also upregulates mTOR signaling.
Nathan Goodyear

MYC and MCL1 Cooperatively Promote Chemotherapy-Resistant Breast Cancer Stem Cells via ... - 0 views

www.cell.com/...S1550-4131(17)30560-0

Cancer "cancer stem cells" CSC protein amino acids

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 24 Nov 18 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 24 Nov 18
     
    Cancer stem cells found to maintain oxidative phosphorylation and increases dependence from amino acids rather than glucose
Nathan Goodyear

Nutrition Journal | Full text | Micronutrient deficiency in obese subjects undergoing l... - 0 views

www.nutritionj.com/...34

micronutrient deficiencies obesity.

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 31 Aug 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 31 Aug 12
     
    micronutrient deficiencies found to be common in obese individuals.  And it stands to reason, that amino acid (protein) shakes do nothing to correct this.
Nathan Goodyear

Is administrating branched-chain amino acid-enriched nutrition achieved symptom-free in... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3882488

BCAA branched chain amino acids NH3 metabolism muscle glutamine glutamate glutamic acid liver cirrhosis disease nutrition

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 10 Feb 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 10 Feb 14
     
    BCAA improve NH3 metabolism.  This is via muscle metabolism as reported in other studies.  This study highlighted the differences in BCAA supplementation.  One caveat is that high glutamine is the result from glutamate and this can increase hepatic encephalopathy.
Nathan Goodyear

Effects of oral branched-chain amino acids o... [Nutr Clin Pract. 2013] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...23945292

BCAA branched chain amino acids liver disease cirrhosis hepatic encephalopathy mild

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 10 Feb 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 10 Feb 14
     
    BCAA aid NH3 metabolism in the muscle in those with liver cirrhosis.  This specifically can aid hepatic encephalopathy and mild hepatic encephalopathy.
Nathan Goodyear

Branched-chain amino acids increase arterial blood ammonia in spite of enhanced intrins... - 0 views

ajpgi.physiology.org/...G269

BCAA branched chain amino acids NH3 ammonia liver disease cirrhosis alpha-ketoglutarate

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 10 Feb 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 10 Feb 14
     
    Good review of the effects of BCAA on ammonia metabolism.  BCAA increase intramuscular NH3 production through the production of alpha-ketoglutarate.
Nathan Goodyear

Branched-chain amino acids and muscle ammoni... [Metab Brain Dis. 2013] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...23315357

NH3 muscle brain urea cycle metabolism BCAA branched chain amino acids liver cirrhosis disease

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 10 Feb 14 - No Cached
  • BCAA metabolism may improve muscle net ammonia removal by supplying carbon skeletons for formation of alfa-ketoglutarate that combines with two ammonia molecules to become glutamine
  • Nathan Goodyear on 10 Feb 14
     
    Muscle becomes the primary mode of NH3 metabolism in liver cirrhosis.  The authors here propose that it is via an increase in muscle mass rather than specifically lowering NH3.  In fact, there is an early increase in NH3 production.
Nathan Goodyear

Branched-chain amino acids and ammonia metabolism in liver disease: Therapeutic implica... - 0 views

www.sciencedirect.com/...S0899900713000907

BCAA branched chain amino acids glutamate glutamic acid glutamine alpha-ketoglutarate NH3 ammonia liver disease cirrhosis

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 10 Feb 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 10 Feb 14
     
    BCAA are low in patients with liver cirrhosis due to increased glutamate production from glutamine.  The addition of BCAA in these patients is not without side effects--increased NH3 production.  The addition of alpha ketoglutarate should alleviate this risk.
Nathan Goodyear

Amino acid management of Parkinson's disease: a case study - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3068871

Parkinson's disease Parkinson's disease amino acids natural

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 18 May 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 18 May 15
     
    to be read
Nathan Goodyear

The effect of long-term supplementation with branched-chain amino acid granules in pati... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...23090049

BCAA amino acids HCV hepatitis hepatitis C liver disease cancer hepatocellular

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 20 May 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 20 May 15
     
    BCAA improve overall survival in HCV related liver cancer.
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