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Nathan Goodyear

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1002/sm2.80/asset/sm280.pdf;jsessionid=85D97ADB... - 0 views

onlinelibrary.wiley.com/...088760698831520AD9DADC4.f03t03

TRT testosterone replacement therapy low T low Testosterone Testosterone hormones

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 17 May 16 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 17 May 16
     
    sub cutaneous TEstosteorne therapy found to be equivalent to IM.  Interesting note: a lower dose seems to be required compared to IM Testosterone.
Nathan Goodyear

Metabolic effects of testosterone replacement therapy on hypogonadal men with type 2 di... - 0 views

www.ajandrology.com/article.asp

Testosterone therapy diabetes lipids glucose triglycerides men male hormone hormones

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 17 Jan 14 - No Cached
  • up to 40% of men with T2DM have testosterone deficiency
  • Among diabetic patients, a reduction in sex hormone binding globulin levels induced by insulin resistance leads to a further decline of testosterone levels
  • low bioavailable testosterone concentration was related to decreased lean body mass and muscle strength
  • ...13 more annotations...
  • Testosterone deficiency has a high prevalence in men with T2DM, and it is also associated with impaired insulin sensitivity, increased percentage body fat, central obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases (CVD)
  • A meta-analysis of four randomized controlled trials (RCTs) showed that TRT seemed to improve glycemic control as well as fat mass in T2DM subjects with low testosterone levels and sexual dysfunction.
  • testosterone administration could increase muscle mass and strength
  • Insulin stimulates glucose uptake into muscle and adipose tissue via the Glut4 glucose transporter isoform. When insulin activates signaling via the insulin receptor, Glut4 interacts with insulin receptor substrate 1 to initialize intracellular signaling and facilitate glucose transportation into the cell
  • The benefits of TRT on glucose metabolism can mainly be explained by its influence on the insulin signaling pathway
  • Insulin resistance as assessed by, which is calculated from the equation (If*Gf/22.5, where If is fasting insulin and Gf is fasting glucose), was definitely improved by TRT after testosterone administration in three studies
  • Testosterone was observed to elevate the expression levels and stimulate translocation of Glut4 in cultured skeletal muscle cells and to upregulate Glut4 by activating insulin receptor signaling pathways in neonatal rats
  • These effects were inhibited by a dihydrotestosterone (DHT) blocker, indicating that glucose uptake may correlate with conversion of testosterone to DHT and activation of the androgen receptor.
  • TRT reduced triglyceride levels
  • TRT has been reported to have a positive effect in the decrease of total and LDL cholesterol levels and triglycerides in hypogonadal men
  • a recent meta-analysis showed that statins could significantly lower testosterone concentrations.
  • Epidemiological studies have found a negative relationship between testosterone levels and typical cardiovascular risk markers, such as body mass index, waist circumference, visceral adiposity and carotid intima-media thickness.
  • Testosterone treatment was shown to raise hemoglobin, hematocrit and thromboxane, all of which might give rise to CVD
  • Nathan Goodyear on 17 Jan 14
     
    Low Testosterone is a very significant problem in men with type II Diabetes.  Estimated to reach 40%, likely much higher.  They based these estimates only on T levels and sexual symptoms. Testosterone improves glycemic control primarily through Increased transcription and transloction of GLUT4 insulin receptors to the cell surface.  Inflammation reduction is also a mechanism.  Testosteorne lowers Triglycerides in the traditional lipid profile.  Studies are mixed on the other aspects of  lipids.  
Nathan Goodyear

Testosterone: More Than Having the Guts to Win the Tour de France - 0 views

www.sciencedirect.com/...S1074761313003439

Testosterone gut flora gut microbiome gut microbiota autoimmune disease diabetes

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 30 Apr 15 - No Cached
  • female adult mice have microbiomes similar to those of prepubescent mice of both sexes;
  • the commensal microbial community in adult male mice significantly deviates from this shared initial pool.
  • the microbiome in castrated adult males clearly shifts away from that of normal adult males and is closer to the microbiome of females
  • ...10 more annotations...
  • The incidence of T1D in these mice is positively correlated with the “femaleness” of the microbiota
  • These results support the hypothesis that the host androgen level is influential in determining the composition of the microbiota, which in turn affects T1D initiation and progression
  • a high testosterone level enriches the microbiota for specific organisms such as segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) and Escherichia coli or Shigella–like (SECS) strains.
  • A minimum level of testosterone and specific male-enriched microbes working together upregulate M2 macrophage and IFN-γ producing T cells in pancreatic lymph nodes. Microarray data show that both the IFN-γ and IL-1β pathways are also stimulated.
  • These microbes also upregulate host testosterone
  • In four independent experiments, the authors found no universal unique “male microbiome”
  • they did find that four distinct combinations of microbial groupings (with an interesting lack of overlap at the individual family level in the four experiments) were enhanced by androgen
  • one species consists of the segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) and belongs to the Firmicutes, whereas the other is an Escherichia coli or Shigella–like (SECS) strain belonging to the Proteobacteria
  • colonization with protective microbiomes—e.g., SPF microbiota, SFB, and SECS—is positively correlated with high blood testosterone levels in male mice
  • A direct implication of this study is that probiotic administration or fecal transplantation is a theoretically possible approach to protection against T1D
  • Nathan Goodyear on 30 Apr 15
     
    nice summary of article on the relationship between Testosteorne and gut microbiome in autoimmune disease.
Nathan Goodyear

Late-onset hypogonadism among old and middle-aged males with predia... - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...25657079

low T low Testosterone diabetes insulin resistance HgbA1c Testosterone men male hormone hormones pre-diabetes

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 02 Mar 15 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 02 Mar 15
     
    Only abstract available here.  Study of Polish men found lowered Testosterone in men with pre diabetes.  The authors used the term "late onset hypogonadism" here.  An inverse association was found between calculated free Testosteorne and HgbA1c.  The authors conclusion says it all: routine screening of Testosterone in men with pre-diabetes is recommended.
Nathan Goodyear

Androgen Deprivation Therapy and the Re-em... [Oncol Hematol Rev. 2014] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...24932461

androgen deprivation therapy ADT estrogen Testosterone men male hormone hormones Prostate cancer CVD cardiovascular disease

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 08 Jul 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 08 Jul 14
     
    Sometimes I think medicine has lost its mind.  Or at least, it is not thinking things through.  To give IV estrogen to decrease Testosteorne in men with prostate cancer is devoid of the pathophysiology of prostate cancer and cardiovascular disease in men.  Elevated Estradiol in men increases CRP, IL-1beta, and TNF-alpha to name a few cytokines.  The proported purpose of the IV estrogen is to prevent the cardiovascular complications associated with ADT.  Yet, elevated aromatase activity and low T in men are both shown to be associated with increased CVD in men.
Nathan Goodyear

Sex hormones in male patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a comparison with othe... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...6439564

lupus Testosteorne male hormones hormones men male low T low Testosterone

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 25 May 16 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 25 May 16
     
    low Testosterone found in men with Lupus; the authors conclude is is more associative with chronic disease.
Nathan Goodyear

Correlation between Testosterone and the Inflammatory Marker Soluble Interleukin-6 Rece... - 0 views

jcem.endojournals.org/...345.full

testosteorne inflammation low men male

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 25 Apr 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 25 Apr 12
     
    low Testosterone found to be associated with an inverse rise in soluble IL-6 receptor.  No other associations were found.  Again, low testosterone is associated with a rise in inflammation.  It would have been great to have evaluated their estradiol levels
Nathan Goodyear

Complete reversal of adult-onset isolated hypo... [Fertil Steril. 2006] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...17070201

clomid hypogonadism low T TEstosteorne men male hormone hormones

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 24 Jul 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 24 Jul 14
     
    study finds restoration of HPA in men with low T.  This was performed via clomid therapy at 25 to 50 mg daily for 4 months.  Increase in pulsatile LH, increase in serum Testosterone levels, and increase in sexual function was found.  Clomid restores HPA function that is suppressed from estrogen inhibition.  In this case, clomid is function as an estrogen antagonist.
Nathan Goodyear

Lower sex hormone-binding globulin is more strongly associated with metabolic syndrome ... - 0 views

eje-online.org/...785.long

metabolic syndrome SHBG low T Testosterone low T low Testosteorne men male hormone hormones health

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 07 Aug 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 07 Aug 14
     
    low SHBG found to be more associated with metabolic syndrome in older men than low Testosterone.  The study consisted of 2502 men older than 70.  The authors proposed this occurs through the relationship between SHBG and insulin sensitivity.  I think that is a little too simplistic.
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