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that Nikqa dannY Rodriguez

Napoleon I of France - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 7 views

  • Napoleon I of France
    • Gabriela Morales
       
      Napoleon was a french military leader. He became Emperor of France. He would not let anybody crown him. So he asked the Pope from Rome to crown him. He was happy to. He was carrying the golden crown. Then when he was about to put it on him he takes it out of his hands and puts it on himself. He said to him , " You are worthy enough to carry my crown but the only person that can crown me is me." When he went to battle he would be out numbered and still win. For example, he was surrounded 3 to 1. Most leaders would just try to survive but he would kill them one by one. One time he was captured but when a leader surrenders they can't kill him. They put him on an island. He stayed there for 2 years. Then he went back to France. The countries were terrified their like, " Oh my God he's back!" He was a threat to all of them.
    • Alberto Torres
       
      he crowned himself as emperor so no one was higher tham him even. the pope wasn't higher them. he had conquered egypt. he was the emperor of france after france became a republic.
    • devine martin
       
      he crowned himself so noone had more power then him
    • jonathan perez
       
      napoleon was a french military general and he never loses when he goes to war. he crowned himself as emperor because he said that no one was higher than him.
    • yordanka raymond
       
      He was a french military leader who never lost a war. He thought he was the most poweful man in the world. He didnt want no one else to crown him but him self. He went to Rome so the pope could crown him. But just when the pope was going to put the crown on him he took it from the pope and put it on his own head. Everyone was surprised and couldnt believe it. Napoleon wanted to show that no one is more powerful than him.
  • He was initially named Napoleone di Buonaparte, acquiring his first name from an uncle who had been killed fighting the French,[
    • edward estremera
       
      he was name this because of his uncle
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    He was a FIRST CLASS ASSHOLE.
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    "Napoleon I of France"
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    Napoleon Bonaparte (French: Napoléon Bonaparte French pronunciation: [napoleɔ̃ bɔnɑpaʁt], Italian: Napoleone di Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 - 5 May 1821), was a military and political leader of France and Emperor of the French as Napoleon I, whose actions shaped European politics in the early 19th century. Born in Corsica and trained as an artillery officer in mainland France, Bonaparte rose to prominence under the First French Republic and led successful campaigns against the First and Second Coalitions arrayed against France. In 1799, he staged a coup d'état and installed himself as First Consul; five years later the French Senate proclaimed him Emperor. In the first decade of the nineteenth century, the French Empire under Napoleon engaged in a series of conflicts-the Napoleonic Wars-involving every major European power. After a streak of victories, France secured a dominant position in continental Europe and Napoleon maintained the French sphere of influence through the formation of extensive alliances and the appointment of friends and family members to rule other European countries as French client states. The French invasion of Russia in 1812 marked a turning point in Napoleon's fortunes. His Grande Armée was badly damaged in the campaign and never fully recovered. In 1813, the Sixth Coalition defeated his forces at Leipzig; the following year the Coalition invaded France, forced Napoleon to abdicate and exiled him to the island of Elba. Less than a year later, he escaped Elba and returned to power, but was defeated at the Battle of Waterloo in June 1815. Napoleon spent the last six years of his life under British supervision on the island of Saint Helena. An autopsy concluded he died of stomach cancer, though Sten Forshufvud and other scientists have since conjectured that he was poisoned with arsenic. Napoleon's campaigns are studied at military academies the world over. While considered a tyrant by his opponents, he is also remembered
Devin Figueroa

Franks - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 20 views

  • West Germanic tribal confederation first attested in the 3rd century as living north and east of the Lower Rhine River. From the third to fifth centuries some Franks raided Roman territory while other Franks joined the Roman troops in Gaul.
    • julio hernandez
       
      these tribes came from germany to look for new land.The only reason they attacked Rome is because they knew they were battle damaged after fighting so much with each other.Romans gave them land.
  • The Franks or Frankish people (Latin: Franci or gens Francorum) were a West Germanic tribal confederation first attested in the 3rd century as living north and east of the Lower Rhine River.
    • joseph reyes
       
      the franks were barbarians in the 3rd century.the franks wanted more land so they want to the romans for land. the romans thought that the franks were going to attak so the attested them.the romans put the franks in as entertanment for the roman people against loins .
  • From the third to fifth centuries some Franks raided Roman territory while other Franks joined the Roman troops in Gaul
    • joseph reyes
       
      some franks joined the romans for land.other romans fought against the romans cause the wanted their empire.the romans gave land to those who joined,the romans would take the frank leaders an put the in the colusium with lions.
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  • The Franks enter recorded history around the year 50 due to an invasion across the Rhine into the Roman Empire.
    • joseph reyes
       
      the franks wanted to invade the romans cause they just wanted land.the romans said no. so the franks invaded their land an kept killing romans to get attention.they got the romans attention an got the land but they had to guard th borader.
    • Timothy Rosario
       
      The Roman Western Roman Empire was at a disadvantage. They had taught the Frankish warriors everything they had known. And the Roman Millitary was weakining. Which ultimately led to the downfall of the Western Roman Empire.
  • Franks
    • eric santiago
       
      the Franks were nice enough to help the romans in war
    • brandon casiano
       
      they were very wise
    • michael escobar
       
      that as tipical. usualy the romens would always take land. they were so powerful. now they need help
    • Gabriela Morales
       
      What I do not get is that the Franks agreed to help the Romans out from Ghengis Khan but the Romans never re-payed them. They are so selfish. They are even a barbarian tribe and they still helped them. Merovech died after that. He never saw anything for that.
    • lezlie gonzalez
       
      the franks were so genourouse.
    • edward estremera
       
      the franks were crazy as hell yo dum people got problems hut any ways they were not gorges they were ugly they need make up lol
    • omar pichardo
       
      when the franks joined with rome the romens wanted them to give up there religion the franks practiced there religon in secret so the romens won't know
    • stella almonte
       
      the franks wanted to steal some things from the romans in the begginig
    • stella almonte
       
      merovich was the king of the franks in451ad
    • janay harris
       
      the fraks were very nice , kind and ery wise people. they wouldnt make dumb choices. cause if they were to there tribe would of been very different
    • ceferinne polanco
       
      (merovech died) when i think of barbarians it makes me think of viking 2 me i dont see much of a differents
    • janay harris
       
      the franks were nice enough to help the romans fight in war. but obvious the romans would win like always because how they worked as a team
    • YaniCristal !!
       
      franksis the tribe that started france
    • Jihad Little
       
      yeah they were from france and frnace was named after the franks
    • Michelle Barrueto
       
      The franks werent just complete terror, they were people who came from france and tried to tribute. Wanted to win, to get power. The helped the romans but kind of like they didnt want to. Just wanted something...
  • The Merovingian dynasty, descended from the Salians, founded one of the Germanic monarchies which replaced the Western Roman Empire from the 5th century. The Frankish state consolidated its hold over large parts of western Europe by the end of the eighth century, developing into the Carolingian Empire which dominated most of Western Europe. This empire would gradually evolve into France and the Holy Roman Empire.
    • yulissa gomez
       
      the germanic monarchies they were replace from the western roman empire form the 5th centery. they also the frankish state consolidated in its hold over the largest parts of western europe.
  • The language spoken by the early Franks is known as Old Frankish and is only attested in a few words in the Lex Salica and in personal names, and is mostly reconstructed from Old Low Franconian and loanwords in Old French and Latin. In the Low Countries it evolved into Old Dutch. Though it lent its name to a number of widely spoken dialects in modern Germany (Ripuarian, Moselle-Franconian, Rhine-Franconian, East-Franconian, South-Franconian), France (Lorrainian) and Luxemburg (Luxembourgish) these languages are not directly related to the ancient language of the Franks.[10] Early in their history the Salians adopted Latin as a second language, as in the case of the Ubii. South of the language border, in what became northern France (langues d'oïl), Frankish was replaced by Old French from the 8th century on. Thereafter the language border between the French and Dutch languages slowly moved north to its current location. There is no surviving work of literature in the Frankish language and perhaps no such works ever existed. Latin was the written language of Gaul before and during the Frankish period. Of the Gallic works which survive, there are a few chronicles, many hagiographies and saints' lives, and a small corpus of poems. The word Frank has the meaning of "free" (e.g. English frank, frankly, franklin, or the Dutch expression "Frank en Vrij": Frank and Free). This arose because, after the conquest of Gaul, only Franks were free of taxation.[11]
    • yulissa gomez
       
      the languege the franke spoken was the old frankish and it was the only few words in the lex salica and also in personal names. it was also mostly reconstucted from the old low frsnconian and the loanwords in lod french and also latin.
    • yulissa gomez
       
      also in their early history thesalians adopted latin as a secend languege , as the case of the ubii. as the south of the languege border ii what had became the northen france .also the franks was repalce by the old french from the 8th century .
    • yulissa gomez
       
      the franks were free of the taxation
  • Some Franks converted early to Christianity, like the usurper Silvanus in the 4th century. In 496, Clovis I, who had married a Burgundian Catholic named Clotilda three years earlier, was baptised into the (Trinitarian) Catholic faith by Saint Remi after a decisive victory over the Alemanni at the Battle of Tolbiac. According to Gregory of Tours, over 3000 of his soldiers were baptised alongside him.[14] Clovis' conversion to Catholicism would prove to have an enormous effect on the course of European history, for at the time the Franks were the only major Christianized Germanic tribe without a predominantly Arian aristocracy (their contemporary rivals, the Ostrogoths, Visigoths, Burgundians and Lombards, had converted to Arian Christianity), and this led to a naturally amicable relationship between the Church of Rome and the increasingly powerful Franks.
    • yulissa gomez
       
      some the franks converted early to the christianity like the usurper silvanus in the 4th century in 496. their were tours over 3000 of the soildiers they wre baptised .
  • Like other Germanic peoples, the legal models of the Franks were originally housed only in the memory of designated specialists, rachimburgs, parallel to Scandinavian lawspeakers.[22] By the time codes began to be written down in the sixth century, there persisted two basic legal subdivisions within the Frankish nation: Salian Franks were subject to Salic law, Ripuarian Franks to Ripuarian law. Gallo-Romans south of the Loire River and the clergy remained subject to traditional Roman law.[23] Germanic law was overwhelmingly concerned with private law, which protects individuals, over public law, which protects the interest of the state. According to Michel Rouche, "Frankish judges devoted as much care to a case involving the theft of a dog as Roman judges did to cases involving the fiscal responsibility of curiales, or municipal councilors."[24]
    • yulissa gomez
       
      germanic people the legal models of the franks were originally housed in the memory of the designated.
  • Contemporary definitions of the ethnicity of the Franks vary by period and point of view. Many in the East used the term "Franks" to describe or refer to Western Europeans and Roman Catholic Christians in general. It is unclear, though, to what extent different Western European groups described or referred to themselves as the Franks. Within Francia, the Franks appear to have initially been a distinct group with their own culture but the Frankish identity gradually changed from an ethnic identity to a national identity, much as happened with the Roman identity during the course of their empire.
  • Austrasia in 752 Neustria in 752 Contents [hide]
  • Like many Germanic peoples, the Franks developed an origin story to connect themselves with peoples of antiquity. In the case of the Franks, these peoples were the Sicambri and the Trojans. An anonymous work of 727 called Liber Historiae Francorum states that following the fall of Troy, 12,000 Trojans led by chiefs Priam and Antenor moved to the Tanais (Don) river, settled in Pannonia near the Sea of Azov and founded a city called "Sicambria". In just two generations (Priam and his son Marcomer) from the fall of Troy (by modern scholars dated in the late Bronze Age) they arrive in the late fourth century at the Rhine. An earlier variation of this story can be read in Fredegar. In Fredegar's version an early king named Francio serves as namegiver for the Franks, just as Romulus has lent his name to Rome. [edit] History
  • The ethnonym Frank has sometimes been traced to the Latin francisca (from the Germanic *frankon, akin to the Old English franca), meaning "javelin." While the throwing axe of the Franks is known as the francisca, the weapon conversely may have been named after the tribe. A. C. Murray says, "The etymology of Franci is uncertain ('the fierce ones' is the favourite explanation), but the name is undoubtedly of Germanic origin."[1]
  • The Salian political elite would be one of the most active forces in spreading Christianity over western Europe.
  • This article is about the Frankish people and society.
    • Gabriela Morales
       
      The Franks were a very popular barbarian group. Beginning with Merovech. As they got to clovis they got more powerful then ever. By the time Clovis died they have conquered all of Gaul and became very famous in eastern Europe.
    • Timothy Rosario
       
      Yes indeed the Franks were not as well known as the Rpmans or other Barbarian tribes... Until Clovis led them into battle. Clovis was one of the most expierienced Barbarian Chieftans ever to live. He led the Franks into the Glory and lushiousness of Gaul and many other Regions. By Clovis death the size of the Frankish tribe had more than tripled in size !!
    • Devin Figueroa
       
      So he was the franks best general.
    • eric santiago
       
      YES HE WAS THE FRANKS BEST GENERAL
  • Franks
    • laverne roache
       
      The franks were very smart. They took over the roman empire. they wanted all there gold. Every little thing they had they wanted it.
    • Jihad Little
       
      they trained with the romans and learned there technique and then used that to defeate them. that was one of the smartest things they could have done. they had the ball on there court and the advantage on the side
    • Timothy Rosario
       
      The Franks were one of many Barbarian tribes. They fought beside Roman troops in exchange for land. But the Romans didn't grasp the fact that they were giving away their techniques and many other moves that led to the downfall of the Eastern Roman Empire.
    • kimberly ramos
       
      the franks were barbarians. but they acted like romans.the franks were also gross. i say that because they didnt bath.
    • Timothy Rosario
       
      sorry the Western Roman Empire
    • jaida pacheco
       
      tribal confederation first attested in the third century as living north and east of the Lower Rhine River.
  • Clovis I became the first king of all Franks in 509, when he conquered the kingdom of Cologne.
  • Clovis divided his realm between his four sons in a manner which would become familiar, as his sons and grandsons in turn divided their kingdoms between their sons. Clovis' sons united to defeat Burgundy in 534, but internecine feuding came to the fore during the reigns of the brothers Sigebert I and Chilperic
  • Modern scholars of the Migration Period are in agreement that the Frankish identity emerged at the first half of the 3rd century out of various earlier, smaller Germanic groups, including the Salii, Sicambri, Chamavi, Bructeri, Chatti, Chattuarii, Ampsivarii, Tencteri, Ubii and Batavi, who inhabited the lower Rhine valley between the Zuyder Zee and the river Lahn and extended eastwards as far as the Weser, but were the most densely settled around the IJssel and between the Lippe and the Sieg. The Frankish confederation probably began to coalesce in the 230s.
  • Frankish (disambiguation
    • KENNY BATISTA
       
      the franks were lead by cloves he had a cristian wife and after he turned into a cristian and the franks did to so franks were mostly cristian.
    • Devin Figueroa
       
      So what ever religon he belivedin they fallowed
  • The Franks or Frankish people (Latin: Franci or gens Francorum) were a West Germanic tribal confederation first attested in the third century as living north and east of the Lower Rhine River
  • . Only the Salian Franks formed a kingdom on Roman-held soil that was acknowledged by the Romans after 357. In the climate of the collapse of imperial authority in the West, the Frankish tribes were united under the Merovingians and conquered all of Gaul save Septimania in the 6th century
  • The Merovingian dynasty, descended from the Salians, founded one of the Germanic monarchies which replaced the Western Roman Empire from the fifth century. The Frankish state consolidated its hold over large parts of western Europe by the end of the eighth century, developing into the Carolingian Empire which dominated most of Western Europe. This empire would gradually evolve into France and the Holy Roman Empire.
  • For the political development of the Franks, see Francia.
    • brandon casiano
       
      crazy people
    • Devin Figueroa
       
      They proply stunk.
  • They are first mentioned on the Tabula Peutingeriana as the Chamavi qui est Pranci (meaning "Chamavi, who are Pranci", probably an error for Franci). Over the next century other Frankish tribes besides the Chamavi surface in the records. The major primary sources include Panegyrici Latini, Ammianus Marcellinus, Claudian, Zosimus, Sidonius Apollinaris and Gregory of Tours. As early as 357 a Frankish king from the Salians enters Roman-held soil to stay.
  • Origins
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    the franks was a tribe that started in the 3d century .. some franks were taught how to fight like romans because  some of them joined the roman army ..and some raided roman territory ..
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    the franks helped roman in war
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    they lived around the lower Rhine river
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    the franks were very popular barbarian group. clovius was the kings of the franks and so was sigeberts right besides him. but when clovius wanted complete power he could not just kill him becuase that would make him a murder. so clovius talked with sigeberts son about killing his father and he agreed.
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    the franks were a barbarian group that helped the romans in the war.
janay harris

Crusades - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 21 views

  • Crusades
    • yulissa gomez
       
      the crusades were a series religiosly-sanctioned military campaigns waged by much of latin chrishtion europe, particular the franks of france and the holy roman empire.
    • Jaqueline Ruiz
       
      The Crusades was a war between Cristians and Muslims.Muslims burned down a Cristian church.They burned down on 1009.But then a man rebuilt it.
    • Gabriela Morales
       
      Crusades was a war between Christians and Muslims. Arabs call people that participate in crusades were called Franks. The first crusade was between Saladin and Balian. Saladin took Jerusalem. Then there was a second crusade. The second crusade was to get Jerusalem back. Richard the first volunteered. Richard the first was the king of England. When he went out to fight he left England to his brother Prince John. He fought for 3 years. He had to little men and decided to surrender. There were exactly eleven crusades.
  • The Crusades originally had the goal of recapturing Jerusalem and the Holy Land from Muslim rule and were launched in response to a call from the Christian Byzantine Empire for help against the expansion of the Muslim Seljuk Turks into Anatolia.
    • yulissa gomez
       
      also the crusades had the originally the goal of the recapturing jerusalem and also the holy land from the muslim rule and they were launched in the reponse to a call from the christian byzantine empire for help agaimst the expansion of the muslim
    • Jaqueline Ruiz
       
      everything that yulissa says i say
    • jaida pacheco
       
      The Crusades originally had the goal of recapturing Jerusalem and the Holy Land from Muslim rule and were launched in response to a call from the Christian Byzantine Empire for help against the expansion of the Muslim Seljuk Turks into Anatolia.
    • Jihad Little
       
      yeah saladin wanted to recapture jerusalem for his people and he did
    • lezlie gonzalez
       
      it took a lot of years to get jerslium back from the muslims
    • Aahlya Mendez
       
      The crusades originally had the goal of recapturing jerusalem and the holy land from muslim rule and were launched in responce to a call from the christian byzantine empire for help against the expansion of the muslim seljuk turks into anatolia.
    • Gabriela Morales
       
      In the first crusade it was for Jerusalem. The battle was between the Christians and the Muslims. The Muslims won because they had more soldiers. But Saladin did promise for the Christians to be safely escorted out. He kept his promise. That was only one of the eleven crusades.
  • The Siege of Antioch, from a medieval miniature painting, during the First Crusade.
    • yulissa gomez
       
      this is a picture of the siege of the antioch from a medievalminiature painting durin the first crusade.
    • lezlie gonzalez
       
      now these days they worship the wall
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  • Crusades
    • jaida pacheco
       
      A Crusade is a war of religion and money. The wars usually began with crusadiers. Crusadiers were christenes warriors. They killed just about any thing that wasn't christene. They created these wars becuase they beileved every person should be christene. But the Muslums didn't feel the same. They thought that Everyone could live together in peace while believing there own religion. Muslums were very forgiving and pacient people. However Muslums were unpacient and hated Muslums. There were eleven crusades.
    • devine martin
       
      the crusade were big.that 1000 thousand died but they did for god.
    • Jihad Little
       
      there were many many crusades over many many years all for the holy land Jerusalem
    • Jihad Little
       
      saladin was in many of the crusades defending jerusalem
    • Jihad Little
       
      as the crusades went on they got worst and worst
    • janay harris
       
      there were 11 crusades altogether. the first one was the only one that actually inside jerusalem. and was really fighting. buh the other ones wernt as close as the first crusade.
  • The Crusades were a series of religiously-sanctioned military campaigns waged by much of Latin Christian Europe, particularly the Franks of France and the Holy Roman Empire. The specific crusades to restore Christian control of the Holy Land were fought over a period of nearly 200 years, between 1095 and 1291. Other campaigns in Spain and Eastern Europe continued into the 15th century. The Crusades were fought mainly against Muslims, although campaigns were also waged against pagan Slavs, Jews, Russian and Greek Orthodox Christians, Mongols, Cathars, Hussites, Waldensians, Old Prussians, and political enemies of the popes.
    • Jihad Little
       
      there were about 11 or 12 crusades
    • ceferinne polanco
       
      it lasted 200 years almost
    • lezlie gonzalez
       
      but they 11 or 12 crusades were not throughly they were like 1 year then 3 years passed and then the crusades happened
  • he Seventh, Eighth and Ninth Crusades resulted in Mamluk and Hafsid victories, as the Ninth Crusade marked the end of the Crusades in the Middle East.[7]
  • The term is also used to describe contemporaneous and subsequent campaigns conducted through to the 16th century in territories outside the Levant[3] usually against pagans, heretics, and peoples under the ban of excommunication[4] for a mixture of religious, economic, and political reasons.[5
    • omar pichardo
       
      all the crusades were over jerusalum
    • lezlie gonzalez
       
      yup jersulm now has a part of jews muslims and cristians
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    War between Muslims and Christians.
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    The Crusades were a series of religiously-sanctioned military campaigns waged by much of Latin Christian Europe, particularly the Franks of France and the Holy Roman Empire. The specific crusades to restore Christian control of the Holy Land were fought over a period of nearly 200 years, between 1095 and 1291. Other campaigns in Spain and Eastern Europe continued into the 15th century. The Crusades were fought mainly against Muslims, although campaigns were also waged against pagan Slavs, Jews, Russian and Greek Orthodox Christians, Mongols, Cathars, Hussites, Waldensians, Old Prussians, and political enemies of the popes.Crusaders took vows and were granted penance for past sins, often called an indulgence.
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    The Crusades were a series of religiously-sanctioned military campaigns waged by much of Latin Christian Europe, particularly the Franks of France and the Holy Roman Empire. The specific crusades to restore Christian control of the Holy Land were fought over a period of nearly 200 years, between 1095 and 1291. Other campaigns in Spain and Eastern Europe continued into the 15th century. The Crusades were fought mainly against Muslims
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    The Crusaders Were a series of religously-Scanctioned Military Campaigns waged by Much latin Christian Europe.
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    The Crusades were a series of religiously-sanctioned military campaigns waged by much of Latin Christian Europe, particularly the Franks of France and the Holy Roman Empire. The specific crusades to restore Christian control of the Holy Land were fought over a period of nearly 200 years, between 1095 and 1291. Other campaigns in Spain and Eastern Europe continued into the 15th century. The Crusades were fought mainly against Muslims, although campaigns were also waged against pagan Slavs, Jews, Russian and Greek Orthodox Christians, Mongols, Cathars, Hussites, Waldensians, Old Prussians, and political enemies of the popes.Crusaders took vows and were granted penance for past sins, often called an indulgence. 3The Crusades originally had the goal of recapturing Jerusalem and the Holy Land from Muslim rule and were launched in response to a call from the Christian Byzantine Empire for help against the expansion of the Muslim Seljuk Turks into Anatolia. The term is also used to describe contemporaneous and subsequent campaigns conducted through to the 16th century in territories outside the Levant usually against pagans, heretics, and peoples under the ban of excommunication for a mixture of religious, economic, and political reasons.Rivalries among both Christian and Muslim powers led also to alliances between religious factions against their opponents, such as the Christian alliance with the Sultanate of Rum during the Fifth Crusade.
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    there were alot of different crusades.and some of them were against the cristians. the cristians thought that they were going to win because they had the cristian cross. the cristians fought over 200 years. in the time of 1095-1291
omar jimenez

Joan of Arc - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 11 views

  • Joan of Arc
    • Gabriela Morales
       
      Joan of arc was the daughter of the king of England. She had a vision from God that she had to lead the army in the hundreds year war. She did. She was actually general. They were threatened by her. They burned her alive for being a witch. Why would they do that?
    • Alberto Torres
       
      the duaghter of the king of england. she was warrior/ leader.she lead armies of men against british. she was accused of being a witch and burned alive
    • devine martin
       
      she was a popular person and was made a siant and burned alive beacuse they thought she was doing witch craft.she had her on army.the churched burned her alive beacuse witch get burned.she had a nice army and a mother.but her army did it and took the city.
    • adonys conde
       
      she was mad saint by the cathlics but the odd thing is that they help in he death
    • devine martin
       
      witches are bad
  • captured by the Burgundians, sold to the English, tried by an ecclesiastical court, and burned at the stake when she was nineteen years old.[3]
  • she led the French army to several important victories during the Hundred Years' War, claiming divine guidance, and was indirectly responsible for the coronation of Charles VII.
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  • She was beatified in 1909 and canonized in 1920.[2]
  • Saint Joan of Arc or The Maid of Orléans (French: Jeanne d'Arc;[1] ca. 1412[2] – 30 May 1431) is a national heroine of France and a Catholic saint.
  • Twenty-four years later, on the initiative of Charles VII, who could not afford being seen as having been brought to power with the aid of a condemned heretic, Pope Callixtus III reviewed the decision of the ecclesiastical court, found her innocent, and declared her a martyr.[3]
  • Joan of Arc
    • jaida pacheco
       
      A peasant girl born in eastern France, she led the French army to several important victories during the Hundred Years' War, claiming divine guidance, and was indirectly responsible for the coronation of Charles VII. She was captured by the Burgundians, sold to the English, tried by an ecclesiastical court, and burned at the stake when she was nineteen years old. Twenty-four years later, on the initiative of Charles VII, who could not afford being seen as having been brought to power with the aid of a condemned heretic, Pope Callixtus III reviewed the decision of the ecclesiastical court, found her innocent, and declared her a martyr. She was beatified in 1909 and canonized in 1920. She is, along with St. Denis, St. Martin of Tours, St. Louis IX, and St. Theresa of Lisieux, one of the patron saints of France.Joan asserted that she had visions from God that told her to recover her homeland from English domination late in the Hundred Years' War. The uncrowned King Charles VII sent her to the siege at Orléans as part of a relief mission. She gained prominence when she overcame the dismissive attitude of veteran commanders and lifted the siege in only nine days. Several more swift victories led to Charles VII's coronation at Reims and settled the disputed succession to the throne.Joan of Arc has remained an important figure in Western culture. From Napoleon to the present, French politicians of all leanings have invoked her memory. Major writers and composers who have created works about her include Shakespeare (Henry VI, Part 1), Voltaire (La Pucelle d'Orléans), Schiller (Die Jungfrau von Orléans ), Verdi (Giovanna d'Arco), Tchaikovsky (Орлеанская дева), Mark Twain (Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc), Jean Anouilh (L'Alouette), Bertolt Brecht (Die heilige Johanna der Schlachthöfe), George Bernard Shaw (Saint Joan), and Maxwell Anderson (Joan of Lorraine). Depictions of her continue in film, television, video games, song, and dance.
    • jacob arias
       
      was a great genaral and was killed from envy and three years later became a saint by the christians
    • emily caba
       
      edwards, king of england, daughter. she is princess, who is going to marry the son of the king of spain. she is europeon. i think
    • devine martin
       
      joan of arc had a powerful army and people believed thats she was a witch and other villagers thought someone were witches
    • Jaqueline Ruiz
       
      jOhN Of arc Was A PrEtTy qIrL BoRn in dA eaSt Of fRaNcE.sHE WaS 14 Or 15 WhEn sHe sTaRtEd 2 lEaD Da aRmY.She leD The fReenCh ArMY 2 vErY imPOrTaNt ViCtOriEs IN Da huNdReD WaR.sHe wAs CaPtUrEd By THE BuRqUnDiAnS.& WaS SoLd 2 a eNqLIsH.
    • omar jimenez
       
      thats mest up how all the people were hateing on her. cause she was so good with her troops every body loved her except the king. so the king had her troops kill her.
  •  
    she lead the french army when she was only about 13 or 14 years old. she was burned alive watched by her own people. the king did this becuase she was very good in leading that he was jelous. the people in the cathlioc chruhc helped burned her and watched it and then about 100 years later the made her a saint in the chruch.
  •  
    joan of arc was a truth girl that got burned 4 no reason
  •  
    "she led the French army to several important victories during the Hundred Years' War, claiming divine guidance, and was indirectly responsible for the coronation of Charles VII. She was captured by the Burgundians, sold to the English, tried by an ecclesiastical court, and burned at the stake when she was nineteen years old.[3] Twenty-four years later, on the initiative of Charles VII, who could not afford being seen as having been brought to power with the aid of a condemned heretic, Pope Callixtus III reviewed the decision of the ecclesiastical court, found her innocent, and declared her a martyr.[3] She was beatified in 1909 and canonized in 1920"
Devin Figueroa

Haiti - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 21 views

shared by Devin Figueroa on 20 Jan 10 - Cached
  • Haiti
    • Gabriela Morales
       
      Haiti was first called Santo Domingo. It was very rich because they had sugar. Back then sugar was like gold if you have sugar you have power. They had sugar plantations. Back then they spoke some sort of french but not the same kind of french in France. For example, if you were a Haitian and you went to France they would know you were a Haitian by what French you speak. Back then there were white masters who had slaves. Black ones. They had enough. During the french revolution there was a slave revolt. They attacked their master. Killed "everyone". By everyone I mean not just the master, if you were related to them you would die as well. In the United States they were terrified. Especially in the south. They were more harsh on their slaves. They did not let them look at the newspapers because they were afraid it would happen there. They burnt down 184 sugar plantations because that is where they worked and where they're power came from. With the situation of Haiti in the present it is good to see how their past is.
    • Gabriela Morales
       
      Haiti was once taken by the Dominican Republic in 1844.
    • Alex Cruz
       
      Haiti was first called Santo Domingo & it was the richest land back in the 1700`s
    • jonathan perez
       
      haiti is a very poor country. but just almost two weeks ago their waz a really big earthquake that killed over v500000 people and still more dead
    • Alberto Torres
       
      horrible thing what happened in haiti. can't believe how many are dead
    • ceferinne polanco
       
      it had an 7.0 earthquake
    • ceferinne polanco
       
      they had a 7.0 earthquake
    • jessica dejesus
       
      Haiti was first called Santo Domingo & it was the richest land back in the 1700`s
    • yordanka raymond
       
      Haiti use to be rich because of the sugar. But now its poor because of the earthquake. The earthquake distroyed everything and killed a lot of people. It injured them really bad.
    • Michelle Barrueto
       
      Haiti was a place where they spoke french. They had many suger plantations and worked on it. Which made suger, which caused wasr. that was when everything went wrong
    • eric santiago
       
      YES THAT IS THE TRUETH
  • Republic of Haiti République d'Haïti Repiblik Ayiti
    • laverne roache
       
      Hatti was very unique for several reasons. It was the first independent nation in Latin America.It is one of only two independent nations. Also having common cultural links with its Hispano-Caribbean.
    • Alex Cruz
       
      Haiti was a rich land in the 1700`s
  • Haiti's regional
    • omar jimenez
       
      hatti to me is like the regional place that had the werst luck in the world cause of all the bad thing that are happening. they said that they had more the 62 after shokes. and one of the after shokes were 6.1 and another one was 4.0
    • emily caba
       
      the history of haiti to me is all aabout slavery. a guy named tousaint louverture from haiti didnt want slavery. and her ppl around the world,like france, dont want him to let slavery ho in haiti like
    • emily caba
       
      the history of haiti to me is all about slavery. a guy named tousaint louverture from haiti didnt want slavery.and other ppl around the world, like france, dont want to let slevery to stop
    • Devin Figueroa
       
      Haiti has always had the worst of luck
  • ...8 more annotations...
  • Calling code
    • omar jimenez
       
      thats cool that they have a werid area code.do they have high tech phones like we do.do they have good sattilte. last do they real have good electric poll
  • On January 12, 2010, at 21:53 UTC, (4:53 pm local time) Haiti was struck by a magnitude-7.0 earthquake, the country's most severe earthquake in over 200 years
    • omar jimenez
       
      man i real bad for them caus eif this keeps on guy thats just going to be a death trap.by next month 2 million people will be dead.i wish iwas rich so i can send lots of money over there.7.o i think that the werst one that have every hit i feel bad
  • Haiti
    • Gabriela Morales
       
      Haiti was the first place to let all people come together no matter what races they are. They even did it before us, the United States. The story about the slave revolt is very similar to the story of Spartacus. As a matter of fact T.L was known as the black Spartacus. T.L. stands for Toussaint l'Ouverture. He was a former slave and the leader of the slave revolt. He grew up in a sugar plantation and then he was free.
  • Haiti
    • jessica dejesus
       
      along Tyme ago Haiti wash called santo domingo
  • Haiti
    • jaida pacheco
       
      Haiti's regional, historical and ethnolinguistic position is unique for several reasons. It was the first independent nation in Latin America and the first black-led republic in the world when it gained independence as part of a successful slave rebellion in 1804.[5] Despite having common cultural links with its Hispano-Caribbean neighbors, Haiti is the only predominantly Francophone independent nation in the Americas. It is one of only two independent nations in the Americas (along with Canada) that designate French as an official language; the other French-speaking areas are all overseas départements, or collectivités, of France.Haiti is the poorest country in the Western Hemisphere and has experienced political violence throughout its history. Most recently, in February 2004, an armed rebellion forced the resignation and exile of President Jean-Bertrand Aristide, and a provisional government took control with security provided by the United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH). Rene Preval, the current president, was elected in the Haitian general election, 2006.On January 12, 2010, a 7.0 magnitude earthquake struck Haiti and devastated the capital city Port-au-Prince. Reportedly more than 150,000 people were killed, although the exact number is unknown and the reported number fluctuates, and a large number are homeless.The Presidential palace, Parliament and many other importation structures were destroyed, along with countless homes and businesses.
    • devine martin
       
      hatii was a nice place.
    • eric santiago
       
      YES HAITI IS A NICE PLACE
  • Haiti (pronounced /ˈheɪtɪ/; French Haïti, pronounced: [a.iti]; Haitian Creole: Ayiti, Haitian Creole pronunciation: [ajiti]), officially the Republic of Haiti (République d'Haïti ; Repiblik Ayiti) is a Caribbean country. Along with the Dominican Republic, it occupies the island of Hispaniola, in the Greater Antillean archipelago. Ayiti (land of high mountains) was the indigenous Taíno or Amerindian name for the mountainous western side of the island.
    • devine martin
       
      i feel real bad to what happened to them nothing could have stopped it.but they were very rich back in time.they had suger plants and WOULD HAVE BLACK SLAVES AND THERE A BLACK PLACE.that is really messed up
    • Devin Figueroa
       
      I fell sorry for the people in haiti
  • Haiti is the poorest country in the Western Hemisphere and has experienced political violence throughout its history.
  • On January 12, 2010, a 7.0 magnitude earthquake struck Haiti and devastated the capital city Port-au-Prince. Reportedly more than 150,000 people were killed and buried later in mass graves, although the exact number was difficult to determine and the reported number fluctuates, and a large number are homeless.[5] The Presidential palace, Parliament and many other important structures were destroyed, along with countless homes and businesses.
    • Devin Figueroa
       
      It might take 15 years to recover
  •  
    it was called sait domingue.... they use to speek french there because there was more french there then any other race.....they were rich back then because they had sugar plantation and coffee
  •  
    omg help Haiti people they need us
  •  
    Haiti (pronounced /ˈheɪtɪ/; French Haïti, pronounced: [a.iti]; Haitian Creole: Ayiti, Haitian Creole pronunciation: [ajiti]), officially the Republic of Haiti (République d'Haïti ; Repiblik Ayiti) is a Caribbean country. Along with the Dominican Republic, it occupies the island of Hispaniola, in the Greater Antillean archipelago. Ayiti (land of high mountains) was the indigenous Taíno or Amerindian name for the mountainous western side of the island. The country's highest point is Pic la Selle, at 2,680 metres (8,793 ft). The total area of Haiti is 27,750 square kilometres (10,714 sq mi) and its capital is Port-au-Prince. Haitian Creole and French are the official languages. Haiti's regional, historical and ethnolinguistic position is unique for several reasons. It was the first independent nation in Latin America and the first black-led republic in the world when it gained independence as part of a successful slave rebellion in 1804.[4] Despite having common cultural links with its Hispano-Caribbean neighbors, Haiti is the only predominantly Francophone independent nation in the Americas. It is one of only two independent nations in the Americas (along with Canada) that designate French as an official language; the other French-speaking areas are all overseas départements, or collectivités, of France. Haiti is the poorest country in the Western Hemisphere and has experienced political violence throughout its history. Most recently, in February 2004, an armed rebellion forced the resignation and exile of President Jean-Bertrand Aristide, and a provisional government took control with security provided by the United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH). Rene Preval, the current president, was elected in the Haitian general election, 2006. On January 12, 2010, a 7.0 magnitude earthquake struck Haiti and devastated the capital city Port-au-Prince. Reportedly more than 150,000 people were killed and buried later in mass graves, although th
Devin Figueroa

Toussaint Louverture - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 29 views

  • of   birth: 1743 Place   of   birth: Haiti Date   of   death: 7 April 1803
    • kevin cruz
       
      toussaint louverture was born in haiti 1743 and died in france april 7 of 1803 he was 59 years old
    • Steven Ramos
       
      Toussaint was born 1743.The hespaniola gained it's independence 1821 and 1844.That why the dominican republic has 2 independence day.Toussaint died april 7 1803.
  • François-Dominique Toussaint Louverture
    • kevin cruz
       
      was one of the best governors back then
    • Steven Ramos
       
      Toussaint was the best govener back then.Expecially for the hatians.Everybody wanted to attack hati but toussaint was too good to be fooled.Haiti was very lucky to have a man as such of this caliber.
    • Alex Cruz
       
      Toussaint was the Black George Washington
    • daniel arocho
       
      yea he was the best general back then. he was called the black george washington. he was strong and powerful. he was smart.
    • kevin cruz
       
      and he was also called the black spartacus
    • jessica dejesus
       
      Toussaint was the best govener back then.Expecially for the hatians.Everybody wanted to attack hati but toussaint was too good to be fooled.Haiti was very lucky to have a man as such of this caliber.
    • Erick Palacios
       
      im a new student but ihear that this man was a great leader during the haitian revolution
  • was a leader of the Haitian Revolution
    • omar jimenez
       
      he was very famious all the haitians loved him cause he was a great geniral.he was the geniral till he was taken from the french .
    • Steven Ramos
       
      Toussaint was like a hero to the hatians.He was their Gorge Washington.toussaint wanted to make a agreement .The agreement was that all slave would be treated equaly.The white and mixed people refused.
    • daniel arocho
       
      yes he was the leader of the hatian revolution. he was great leader. he was so good that he was a slave and won the battle. he was lucky.
    • lezlie gonzalez
       
      he was one of the greatest general
    • Michelle Barrueto
       
      Back then he was known as the "black george washington". He was a good leader to them and everyone appriciated him and thought he was doing a good job :)
    • Devin Figueroa
       
      He was like a black (not trying to be raceist) nopolien i heard.He was a to freevery frightnig enemy.He had struggled to free his people.
  • ...18 more annotations...
  • Especially between the years 1800 and 1802,
    • omar jimenez
       
      between those years was when they were freed but then they want then=m to be slaves again and then they started to sail there so they can come and get them and the united states said we wouldnt trade with them so they will starve
    • Jaqueline Ruiz
       
      beTwEeN DoS YeArS WaS wEn dEy wErE FrEeD AnD DeN ThE EnQlIsH WaNtEd DeM 2 Be sLaVeS.
    • Devin Figueroa
       
      They had been freed for a littel but then the english men wanted them to be slaves.
  • By early 1794 Toussaint Louverture was able to organize 4,000,000
    • omar jimenez
       
      do you see how popular he is he has lots and lots of blacks. he would have had never won those battles. he is a good geniral
  • Toussaint Louverture had 3 children
  • Toussaint Louverture
    • Gabriela Morales
       
      Toussaint Louverture was one of the best generals back then. He was there when Haiti was Santo Domingo. He was a slave. He grew up in a plantation. His owners were fair and let him free. He then became a leader. He is also known as the black George Washington. They say that because George Washington was a great leader and general.
    • Alex Cruz
       
      Toussainte Louverture was a leader of the Haitian Revolution. He was the black George Washington. he was Bored in Saint-Domingue in a long struggle for independence Toussaint led enslaved Africans and Afro-Hatians to victory over french colonisers, abolished
    • daniel arocho
       
      he was a great general. he was once a slave i think. he was known as the black gorge washington. he was a brave and strong general.
    • emily caba
       
      he is like a goerge washington in haiti.since the slaves didnt want slavery they kiled white ppl, he wants to make a peace treaty to the whites and whites say no becuz they want pay back. he was makuing a letter to the ppl. he told the slaves if they wanted freedom they go to him and hell get it. he and napoleon are gonna ahve war. and he makes himself president for life in haiti. napoleon captured him and took him to france. napoleon put him in a dogoen. he died there bcuz it was cold.
    • yordanka raymond
       
      He was a great general, Jis the one who free the slaves. He was a good leader he was at the top. He did everything right. Except in 1802, a huge army arrives and he surrenders him self to the french army. He dies in jail frozen.
    • omar pichardo
       
      he was know as the black goarge washiton or the black sparticus
    • Jaqueline Ruiz
       
      HE WaS OnE Da bEsT qEnErAlS.He wAs AlIvE WeN HaItI WaS SaNtO DomInqO.hE WaS LiKe a qEoRqE WaShInqToN iN hAitI.hE HeLpEd tHe sLaVeRy sTop.& He WaS HaTeD By aLoT Of Da WhItEs.hE EvEn hAd tO SuRrEnDoR ThEm.
  • Toussaint Bréda, Toussaint-
    • laverne roache
       
      He was the black gearorge washgtion. He was also born Saint-Domingue. Also he was the first to write a consentution before United States. he was the leader.
    • daniel arocho
       
      yes he was a leader. he saved many people from slavery. he was known as the black george washington. so he was like another goerge washington.
    • jonathan perez
       
      TL was one of the greatest haitian generals
    • ashley hernandez
       
      he was an black general. People said he was like the black George Washington. And also like the black Napoleon. He was a slave but got freed by his owners. became famous with mostly everyone.
    • Michelle Barrueto
       
      Toussaint was very smart after a while and started learning more. He tried to do the best he can. He was from Haiti. Its amazing how he did that. Interesting much..
    • Devin Figueroa
       
      The first black genaral when black people where slaves in america.
  • 3Toussaint Louverture
    • jaida pacheco
       
      François-Dominique Toussaint Louverture Toussaint Louverture Alternate name(s): Toussaint Louverture Date 2of birth: 1743 Place of birth: Haiti Date of death: 7 April 1803 (aged 59) Haitian Revolution François-Dominique Toussaint Louverture pronunciation (help·info), also 4Toussaint Bréda, Toussaint-Louverture (20 May 1743 - 8 April 1803) 3was a leader of the Haitian Revolution. Born in Saint-Domingue, in a long struggle for independence Toussaint led enslaved Africans and Afro-Haitians to victory over French colonisers, abolished slavery, and secured "native" control over the colony, Haiti. In 1797 while nominally governor of the colony, he expelled the French commissioner Léger-Félicité Sonthonax, as well as the British armies; invaded Santo Domingo to free the slaves there; and wrote a Constitution naming himself governor-for-life that established a new polity for the colony.Especially between the years 1800 and 1802, Toussaint Louverture tried to rebuild the collapsed economy of Haiti and reestablish commercial contacts with the United States and Britain. His rule permitted the colony a taste of freedom which, after his death in exile, was gradually destroyed during the successive reigns of a series of despots. Translated from French, his name means "the awakening of all saints" or "all souls rising". His last words were to his son in France, "My boy, you will one day go back to St. Domingo; forget that France murdered your father."
  • Toussaint Louverture tried to rebuild the collapsed economy of Haiti
    • devine martin
       
      he was like the black gergore washington.he had a choice to help france or the slaves.he went with the slaves beacuse there were more powerful,but they died by france and he was sent to a cold pirson to die there and did die after the slaves won
    • lezlie gonzalez
       
      he was alive whille the first 2 presendents were 
    • Devin Figueroa
       
      He was a kick ass genoral
  • From his marriage to Suzanne Simone Baptiste Louverture, he had two sons Isaac and Saint-Jean. Toussaint also adopted Seraphin (later known as Placide Louverture), who was the son of Suzanne Louverture.
  • Seraphin, or Placide Louverture, was Suzanne Louverture's first child,
  • He was born on the Bréda plantation of Bayon de Libertat, near Cap Français. Tradition says that he was driver and horse trainer on the plantation. His master freed him at age 33, when Toussaint married Suzanne.[2] He was a fervent Catholic, and a member of high degree of the Masonic Lodge of Saint-Domingue.
  • François-Dominique Toussaint Louverture
    • Erick Palacios
       
      He was like the haitian george washington
    • omar pichardo
       
      he was a famous genaral who wanted the blacks to be equal he was know by many names
  • Born in Saint-Domingue
  • French Revolution and rebellion in
    • lezlie gonzalez
       
      this war started in 1789 
  • Saint-Domingue
  • News of the French Revolution of 1789 and the message of Liberté, égalité, fraternité reached Saint-Domingue by 1790
  • Toussaint Louverture
  •  
    Toussaint Louverture was one of the best generals back then. He was there when Haiti was Santo Domingo. He was a slave. He grew up in a plantation. His owners were fair and let him free. He then became a leader. He is also known as the black George Washington.
  • ...1 more comment...
  •  
    this is one of the haitian generals that commanded haiti in the 17 hundreds
  •  
    Toussiant L'Ouverture was a very good leader he also knew how to take control of the revolt
  •  
    "Toussaint Bréda, Toussaint-Louverture (20 May 1743 - 8 April 1803) 3 was a leader of the Haitian Revolution. "
alondra morillo

Napoleon 1 - 3 views

shared by alondra morillo on 02 Feb 10 - No Cached
  •  
    Napoleon Bonaparte (French: Napoléon Bonaparte French pronunciation: [napoleɔ̃ bɔnɑpaʁt], Italian: Napoleone di Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 - 5 May 1821), was a military and political leader of France and Emperor of the French as Napoleon I, whose actions shaped European politics in the early 19th century. Born in Corsica and trained as an artillery officer in mainland France, Bonaparte rose to prominence under the First French Republic and led successful campaigns against the First and Second Coalitions arrayed against France. In 1799, he staged a coup d'état and installed himself as First Consul; five years later the French Senate proclaimed him Emperor. In the first decade of the nineteenth century, the French Empire under Napoleon engaged in a series of conflicts-the Napoleonic Wars-involving every major European power. After a streak of victories, France secured a dominant position in continental Europe and Napoleon maintained the French sphere of influence through the formation of extensive alliances and the appointment of friends and family members to rule other European countries as French client states. The French invasion of Russia in 1812 marked a turning point in Napoleon's fortunes. His Grande Armée was badly damaged in the campaign and never fully recovered. In 1813, the Sixth Coalition defeated his forces at Leipzig; the following year the Coalition invaded France, forced Napoleon to abdicate and exiled him to the island of Elba. Less than a year later, he escaped Elba and returned to power, but was defeated at the Battle of Waterloo in June 1815. Napoleon spent the last six years of his life under British supervision on the island of Saint Helena. An autopsy concluded he died of stomach cancer, though Sten Forshufvud and other scientists have since conjectured that he was poisoned with arsenic. Napoleon's campaigns are studied at military academies the world over. While considered a tyrant by his opponents, he is also remembered
yulissa gomez

Franks - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 12 views

shared by yulissa gomez on 20 Nov 09 - Cached
  • some Franks raided Roman territory while other Franks joined the Roman troops in Gaul.
    • ashley hernandez
       
      The Franks wanted the Roman emperor to give them some land to their people.They didn't want to destroy Rome.Rome told them they will give themm some land unless they become part of the Roman army.The Romans are going to teach them how to fight like a Roman soldier.
    • Steven Ramos
       
      It was retarted for the romans to teach the franks how to fight like romans.Now if the franks want to retaliate they know how to fight like romans.Rome even gave the framks some land.The franks were suppose to guard the edges.
    • Jaqueline Ruiz
       
      The franks wanted land from romans.they wanted land for there own people.The romans said that they had to join them.The romans would show them how to fight like romans
    • yulissa gomez
       
      back then the romans wanted to land from romans
  • Frank has sometimes been traced to the Latin
    • ashley hernandez
       
      The modern country France comes from the word Frank.Wow, that is so cool the word Frank came from the word Francisca.Aren't the Franks barbarians so why is their name is from the Francisca which is latin.
    • Steven Ramos
       
      France was called frank.,Then as time past then it fot the name of France.Their name is Francisca which is a latin name.So you can just say that the barbarians were latin.
  • Franks
    • Steven Ramos
       
      The Franks were just another type of barbarians.They were all very powerful.They are not the only Barbarian army.Their are also the goth its like a umbrella of barbarians.
    • Jihad Little
       
      the franks were the most sucessful goths
    • eric santiago
       
      what do you mean they were the most sucessful
    • devine martin
       
      i dont know who this is.
    • adonys conde
       
      being the most sucessful the other must of been green with envy
    • Jaqueline Ruiz
       
      Franks were just another type of Barbarians.They were barbarians but they acted like romans.They had the same traditions.When clavius became there leader they could still have there traditions but became barbarians
    • kimberly ramos
       
      franks were another type of people like barbarians.they were the most modern in france. at the same time they were discusting.i say that just because they didnt bath.they would conquer most of the land too. they also became french too. they were barbarians but they acted like romans.they had the same tradition and every thing.
    • devine martin
       
      franks had a funny name but were like the barbains but i think they are barbians.they would go wild but sometimes work togheter.any killed rome
    • yulissa gomez
       
      the franks wre just another name barberians
  • ...7 more annotations...
  • The Franks or Frankish people (
    • Steven Ramos
       
      The franks were known as Frankish. For example Europe, europian.Franks were refer to Western European.Franks would have slouter the Romans.
    • Jihad Little
       
      franks were dirty.they diddnt take baths = [ illllll
    • javier villanueva
       
      they were never clean they always smelled and dirty
    • adonys conde
       
      well if thier barbarins it's likelly thta they will never take a bath
  • In general Germanic peoples on the borders are known to have served in the Roman army since the days of Julius Caesar.
    • Kevin Torres
       
      Ever since Julius Ceasar? so they server to rome in military ever since Julius Caesars Time
  • Echoes of Frankish paganism arise in the primary sources, but their meaning is not always clear.
    • Jaqueline Ruiz
       
      The franks had the same traditiona as romans.They belived in the same gods.They also ate how they ate.They were barbarians acting like romans
  • In the climate of the collapse of imperial authority in the West, the Frankish tribes were united under the Merovingians and conquered all of Gaul save Septimania in the 6th century. The Salian political elite would be one of the most active forces in spreading Christianity over western Europe.
  • Christianity
  • The Franks
  • The primary sources for Frankish military custom and armament are Ammianus Marcellinus, Agathias, and Procopius, the latter two Eastern Roman historians writing about Frankish intervention in the Gothic War. Writing of 539, Procopius says:
    • yulissa gomez
       
      why were the primary sources for the frankish military custom and armament??
  •  
    the franks were goths
  •  
    ranks were another type of people like barbarians.they were the most modern in france. at the same time they were discusting.i say that just because they didnt bath.theyd conquar alot of lands they were good warriors ...
Christian Mendez

Guy of Lusignan - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 11 views

  • Guy of Lusignan
    • omar pichardo
       
      he hated godfrey they would say stuff over and over to each other
    • adonys conde
       
      they would act like brothers that never had gotten nor will get along
    • adonys conde
       
      also the way he became a king was by getting married
    • eric santiago
       
      yes it was true
  • French Knight who, through marriage, became King of Jerusalem,
    • Andy Rosario
       
      How lucky is this dude just by marriage he became a king. I wanter if he won his marrige in a contes or he got his respect. I woult also whant to know if the prinsec that he marrie whanted to marrie him. If I was I woult be a very lucky guy to becom a king.
  • Baldwin V became King, but he was a sickly child and died within a year.
    • Andy Rosario
       
      What how was that you become a king an then in a year died.that was realy mest up, but at list he got his last wish. And how tid he got sick any way. If I was him I would be sad to finally be a king and then die in a year.
  • ...6 more annotations...
  • Guy was a son of Lord Hugh VIII of Lusignan, in Poitou, at that time a part of the French duchy of Aquitaine, held by Queen Eleanor of England, her third son Richard, and her husband the English King Henry II.
    • anthony rodriguez
       
      he was a famous arab and he was the son of lord hugh VIII
    • eric santiago
       
      yes he was
  • Guy went to Jerusalem at some date between 1174 and 1180. In 1174, his older brother Amalric married the daughter of Baldwin of Ibelin and entered court circles. Amalric had also obtained the patronage of King Baldwin IV and of his mother Agnes of Courtenay who held the county of Jaffa and Ascalon and was married to Reginald of Sidon. He was appointed Agnes's Constable in Jaffa, and later Constable of the Kingdom. Later, hostile rumours alleged he was Agnes's lover, but this is questionable. It is likely that his promotions were aimed at weaning him away from the political orbit of the Ibelin family, who were associated with Raymond III of Tripoli, Amalric I's cousin and the former bailli or regent. What is certain is that Amalric of Lusignan's success facilitated Guy's social and political advancement
  • whenever he arrived.
  • Lusignans
  • In 1168 Guy and his brothers ambushed and killed Patrick of Salisbury, 1st Earl of Salisbury, who was returning from a pilgrimage. They were banished from Poitou by their overlord, Richard I, then (acting) Duke of Aquitaine.
    • Alex Cruz
       
      In 1168 , Guy and his brothers ambushed and killed Patrick of Salisbury, 1st Salisbury, who was returing from a pilgrimage. They were banished
  • The mid-thirteenth century Old French Continuation of William of Tyre (formerly attributed to Ernoul) claims that Agnes advised her son to marry Sibylla to Guy, and that Amalric had brought Guy to Jerusalem specifically for him to marry Sibylla. However, this is improbable: given the speed with which the marriage was arranged, Guy must have already been in the kingdom when the decision was made. It seems that the King, who was less malleable than earlier historians have portrayed, was considering the international implications: it was vital for Sibylla to marry someone who could rally external help to the kingdom, not someone from the local nobility. With the new King of France, Philip II, a minor, the chief hope of external aid was Baldwin's first cousin Henry II, who owed the Pope a penitential pilgrimage on account of the Thomas Becket affair. Guy was a vassal of Richard of Poitou and Henry II, and as a formerly rebellious vassal, it was in their interests to keep him overseas.
  •  
    Guy of Lusignan, Guy of Jerusalem or Guy of Cyprus (c. 1150 or 1159/1160 - Nicosia, 18 July 1194) was a French Knight who, through marriage, became King of Jerusalem, and led the kingdom to disaster at the Battle of Hattin in 1187.
brandon casiano

Childeric I - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 9 views

  • Childeric I (c. 440– c. 481) was the Merovingian king of the Salian Franks from 457 until his death, and the father of Clovis. He succeeded his father Merovech as king, traditionally in 457 or 458. With his Frankish warband he was established with his capital at Tournai, on lands which he had received as a foederatus of the Romans, and for some time he kept the peace with his allies. In about 463 in Orléans, in conjunction with the Roman General Aegidius, who was based in Soissons, he defeated the Visigoths, who hoped to extend their dominion along the banks of the Loire River. After the death of Aegidius, he first assisted Comes ("count") Paul of Angers, together with a mixed band of Gallo-Romans and Franks, in defeating the Goths and taking booty. Odoacer reached Angers but Childeric arrived the next day and a battle ensued. Count Paul was killed and Childeric took the city. Childeric, having delivered Angers, followed a Saxon warband to the islands on the Atlantic mouth of the Loire, and massacred them there. In a change of alliances, he also joined forces with Odoacer, according to Gregory of Tours, to stop a band of the Alamanni who wished to invade Italy. The stories of his expulsion by the Franks, whose women he was taking; of his eight-year stay in Thuringia with King Basin and his wife Basina; of his return when a faithful servant advised him that he could safely do so by sending to him half of a piece of gold which he had broken with him; and of the arrival in Tournai of Queen Basina, whom he married, come from Gregory of Tours' Libri Historiarum (Book ii.12). He died in 481 and was buried in Tournai, leaving a son Clovis, afterwards king of the Franks.
    • Aahlya Mendez
       
      The Childeric's were smart.They were very good people.I wonder if they were ever good guard. Mr. do u think they were ever good gaurds and smart people.Also who is the Salatian why did they call them selfs the salatians franks.
    • adonys conde
       
      they may have been smart but they ended up getting in to a war with the romans because the romans believed in one god and the childeric's had their believes as well
  • Childeric I (c. 440– c. 481) was the Merovingian king of the Salian Franks from 457 until his death, and the father of Clovis. He succeeded his father Merovech as king, traditionally in 457 or 458. With his Frankish warband he was established with his capital at Tournai, on lands which he had received as a foederatus of the Romans, and for some time he kept the peace with his allies.
    • Gabriela Morales
       
      Childeric was the son of Merovech. Merovech was the first leader of the Franks. He was also the start of the Merovingian Dynasty. Which means Childeric would be the next Heir. After him would be Clovis his son.
    • adonys conde
       
      after Childeric's father died (Merovech) he was to yonug to be the leader so i guess Merovech's right hand man will take over till Childeric is old enough to be the leader
    • emily caba
       
      childeric's father was merovech. his dad was the leader of the franks and when he died chideric becameof the franks leader eventually
  • hilderic's tomb was discovered in 1653 (May 27) by a mason doing repairs in the church of Saint-Brice in Tournai, a city in modern Belgium, where numerous precious objects were found, including a richly ornamented sword, a torse-like bracelet,
    • anthony rodriguez
       
      he was the merovingian king of the salian franks
    • Jaqueline Ruiz
       
      He died in 481ad.He was burried in Tournami.He had a son named Clovis.Which he left behind.
    • kimberly ramos
       
      childeric died in 481 ad. he was burried in tournami.in his tomb were found jewlery. thye killed his horse because they didnt want something of him.the only question i have is why were bees found in his tomb. because they say there were alot of bees in the tomb.
    • emily caba
       
      when someone important dies from the franks, they burry him and with all the stuff tht belongs to him
    • brandon casiano
       
      they were verey weried people
  • ...9 more annotations...
  • Childeric I
    • Veronica Rodriguez
       
      A bad thing about childeric is that he was a player. He thought that he owned all the women. He would seuce them all. So he got kicked out for 8 years.
    • adonys conde
       
      well he was leader but still he couldn't take all the women i mean if the women's wife found out she was having an afair with some on else her husband would freak and destroy him luckly he was kicked out insted of murderd
    • Jaqueline Ruiz
       
      Chileric was son of Merovoch.Childeric will grow strong but there is only one problem.He thinks that all Viking women are for him.He got forced out of power for 8 years.
    • ashley hernandez
       
      Childderic I thought that all the women from his empire were all his.He seduced them as much as he can. He couldn't get enough of them. He couldn't even have at least some self control.
    • Alex Cruz
       
      Childeric l was the Merovingian king of the Salina Franks from 457 until his death , and the father of clovis.
    • emily caba
       
      childeric was part of the merovichian dynasty. he was the second one. he had a son named clovis. and he was a player.
  • Some 300 golden bees
    • Veronica Rodriguez
       
      I wonder those bees were used for. Because an awfull lot was found in this tomb. Along with his treasures. And sord in this tomb.
    • brandon casiano
       
      i know it was tragity
    • Veronica Rodriguez
       
      They new it his was his ring becaues it had an inscriptiion on it. It was in latin. Latin was a common language back then. It said this belongs to childeric.
    • adonys conde
       
      well now he can prove that some one stoll his ring if he acused someone of it
    • Jaqueline Ruiz
       
      Salian Franks were the tribes of Childeric.They are going against the Romans.Childeric is leading the people that his dad started
  • Golden bees
    • Veronica Rodriguez
       
      These bees dont look like bees at all. Why dont they look like bees? Are they a different type of bees? Or did they just have a screw up while making them?
    • adonys conde
       
      thye don't look like real bees because they were dipped in gold and put together
    • KENNY BATISTA
       
      childeric was the son of cloves.
  • jewels of gold and garnet cloisonné, gold coins, a gold bull's head and a ring with the inscription CHILDERICI REGIS ("of Childeric the king"), which identified the tomb
    • brandon casiano
       
      that is cool being rich
  • were also found. Archduke Leopold William, governor of the Southern Netherlands (today's Belgium), had the find published in Latin, and the treasure went first to the Habsburgs in Vienna, then as a gift to Louis XIV, who was not impressed with them and stored them in the royal library, which became the Bibliothèque Nationale de France during the Revolution. Napoleon was more impressed with Childeric's bees when he was looking for a heraldic symbol to trump the Bourbon fleur-de-lys. He settled on Childeric's bees as symbols of the French Empire.
  • On the night of November 5–6, 1831, the treasure of Childeric was among 80 kilos of treasure stolen from the Library and melted down for the gold. A few pieces were retrieved where they had been hidden in the Seine, including two of the bees. The record of the treasure, however, now exists only in the fine engravings made at the time of its disco
  • very, and in some reproductions made for the Habsburgs.
  •  
    the childeric was a player
  • ...2 more comments...
  •  
    the chideric were smart.he was the son of merovech.merovich was teh first leader of the franks.so the means that when he died childeric would rule.but when childeric died his son clovis would rule.clovis died at the age of 45.clovis had four sons.
  •  
    messed up how he died. what idiot doesn't see that coming!?
  •  
    childeric was cloves son.
  •  
    the only thing people didnt like about childeric was that he thought he owned all the woman. he would suduce all of them. so for doing that he was kicked off. he was kicked off for 8 years.
anthony rodriguez

Attila the Hun - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 9 views

  • Attila (pronounced /ˈætɨlə/ or /əˈtɪlə/; 406 – 453), widely known as Attila the Hun, was the Emperor of the Huns from 434 until his death in 453. He was leader of the Hunnic Empire which stretched from Germany to the Ural River and from the River Danube to the Baltic Sea (see map below). During his rule, he was one of the most fearsome of the Western and Eastern Roman Empires' enemies: he invaded the Balkans twice and marched through Gaul (modern France) as far as Orleans before being defeated at the Battle of Chalons. He refrained from attacking either Constantinople or Rome. His story, that the Sword of Attila had come to his hand by miraculous means, was reported by the Roman Priscus.
    • anthony rodriguez
       
      attila the hun was the emperor of the huns
    • yulissa gomez
       
      the huns were the huns from 434 until his death in 453
  • Attila the Hun
    • Alex Cruz
       
      Attila the Hun was the Emperor of The Huns From 434 AD until he died in 453 AD. He was the leader of the Hunnic Empire which stretched from Germany to the Ural River and from the River Danube to the Baltic Sea.
    • KENNY BATISTA
       
      attila the hun was one of the worlds best barberians and one of the strongest ever.
    • Jihad Little
       
      yeah he was a strong king too he ruled the barbarions with a strong command
    • devine martin
       
      he was strong but not so bad but a graet leader and he could speak many launguaes and he in night at the meusum
    • YaniCristal !!
       
      he was a strong leader and ruled the barbarians with a strong command
    • Genesis Nunez
       
      we was a really good leader and camanded the barbarians the huns
    • kimberly ramos
       
      attila the huns was emperor of the huns.he was first emperor in 434 ad. he died in 453 ad. h.attila was also leader of the hunnic empire.
    • alexi viera
       
      attila the hun was very powerful barbarian. also he was very strong man.
    • YaniCristal !!
       
      he as very strong and wise.
    • daniel arocho
       
      he was strong and wise, he was a great barbarian and leader. he wanted to take over gaul. he was a very strong guy
    • yordanka raymond
       
      he was a very strong man and wise too.
  • ...9 more annotations...
    • yulissa gomez
       
      the romans did not wanted to agree on to return the fugitives but they also did double their previous of 350 romans pounds.
  • In 447 Attila again rode south into the Eastern Roman Empire through Moesia. The Roman army under the Gothic magister militum Arnegisclus met him in the Battle of the Utus and was defeated, though not without inflicting heavy losses. The Huns were left unopposed and rampaged through the Balkans as far as Thermopylae. Constantinople itself was saved by the intervention of the prefect Flavius Constantinus who organized the reconstruction of the walls that had been previously damaged by earthquakes, and, in some places, to construct a new line of fortification in front of the old. An account of this invasion survives:
    • yulissa gomez
       
      the attila they rode south into tje eastern roman empire throught moesia in 447
  • Invasion of Italy and death
  • Attila returned in 452 to claim his marriage to Honoria anew, invading and ravaging Italy along the way. The city of Venice was founded as a result of these attacks when the residents fled to small islands in the Venetian Lagoon. His army sacked numerous cities and razed Aquileia completely, leaving no trace of it behind. Legend has it he built a castle on top of a hill north of Aquileia to watch the city burn, thus founding the town of Udine, where the castle can still be found. Aëtius, who lacked the strength to offer battle, managed to harass and slow Attila's advance with only a shadow force. Attila finally halted at the River Po. By this point disease and starvation may have broken out in Attila's camp, thus helping to stop his invasion.
    • yulissa gomez
       
      in 452 attila returned and he claim his marrige to honoria anew and also ravaging italy along the way
  • After Attila left Italy and returned to his palace across the Danube, he planned to strike at Constantinople again and reclaim the tribute which Marcian had stopped. (Marcian was the successor of Theodosius and had ceased paying tribute in late 450 while Attila was occupied in the west; multiple invasions by the Huns and others had left the Balkans with little to plunder.) However Attila died in the early months of 453. The conventional account, from Priscus, says that at a feast celebrating his latest marriage to the beautiful and young Ildico (if uncorrupted, the name suggests a Gothic origin)[19] he suffered a severe nosebleed and choked to death in a stupor. An alternative theory is that he succumbed to internal bleeding after heavy drinking or a condition called esophageal varices, where dilated veins in the lower part of the esophagus rupture leading to death by haemorrhage.[20]
    • yulissa gomez
       
      after attila left italy and then he return to his palace across the danude and he also plan to strike at the constantinople again and he reclaim the tribute
  • "Attila"
  • Attila the Hun
    • devine martin
       
      is a great guy that was all about war .
  • n much of Western Europe, he is remembered as the epitome of cruelty and rapacity. However he is regarded as a hero and his name is revered and used in Hungary, Turkey and other Turkic-speaking countrie
    • anthony rodriguez
       
      he was a very famous viking
  •  
    Attila the Hun, was the Emperor of the Huns from 434 until his death in 453. He was leader of the hunnic empire which stretched from germany to the ural river to the baltica sea.he was one of the most feared of the western and eastern roman empire .
  •  
    was an emperor
that Nikqa dannY Rodriguez

England - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 3 views

  • England
    • jessica dejesus
       
      England WaSh a Part Of FraNCe
    • Alberto Torres
       
      it use to be part of france in the ancient time
  •  England
    • jaida pacheco
       
      It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west and the North Sea to the east, with the English Channel to the south separating it from continental Europe. Most of England comprises the central and southern part of the island of Great Britain in the North Atlantic. The country also includes over 100 smaller islands such as the Isles of Scilly and the Isle of Wight.The area now called England has been settled by people of various cultures for about 35,000 years, but it takes its name from the Angles, one of the Germanic tribes who settled during the 5th and 6th centuries. England became a unified state in AD 927, and since the Age of Discovery, which began during the 15th century, has had a significant cultural and legal impact on the wider world. The English language, the Anglican Church, and English law-the basis for the common law legal systems of many other countries around the world-developed in England, and the country's parliamentary system of government has been widely adopted by other nations. The Industrial Revolution began in 18th-century England, transforming its society into the world's first industrialised nation. England's Royal Society laid the foundations of modern experimental science.
devine martin

Battle of the Catalaunian Plains - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 10 views

  • The Battle of the Catalaunian Plains (or Fields), also called the Battle of Châlons (also spelled Chalons or Chalon) or Battle of the Campus Mauriacus, took place in 451 between a coalition led by the Roman general Flavius Aetius and the Visigothic king Theodoric I on one side and the Huns and their allies commanded by Attila on the other. It was one of the last major military operations of the Western Roman Empire and marks the apex of the career of Flavius Aetius.
    • Aahlya Mendez
       
      The battle weas a batlle of people who were good nfiters.the franks.the romans. and the other goths visigoths. the romans are cruel.
  • Attila crossed the Rhine early in 451 with his followers and a large number of allies, sacking Divodurum (Metz) on April 7. Other cities attacked can be determined by the hagiographic vitae written to commemorate their bishops: Nicasius was slaughtered before the altar of his church in Rheims; Servatus is alleged to have saved Tongeren with his prayers, as Genevieve is to have saved Paris.[3] Lupus, bishop of Troyes, is also credited with saving his city by meeting Attila in person.[4] Attila's army had reached Aurelianum by June. This fortified city guarded an important crossing over the Loire. According to Jordanes, the Alan king Sangiban, whose foederati realm included Aurelianum, had promised to open the city gates;[5] this siege is confirmed by the account of the Vita S. Anianus and in the later account of Gregory of Tours,[6] although Sangiban's name does not appear in their accounts. However, the inhabitants of Aurelianum shut their gates against the advancing invaders. Attila began to besiege the city, while he waited for Sangiban to deliver on his promise.
    • Aahlya Mendez
       
      there are no more romans the franks ruled. they got good fiters.rome are now baarbarians.so now they are foreners.
  • The Huns
    • Veronica Rodriguez
       
      The huns were a very good group. They would have battle between romans. And always win. They were lead by a very famous barbarian, Attila the Hun. That is where they got their name from.
    • jason ocasio
       
      the huns was a group of highly trained people to fight in battle.the huns would always fight againts the romans and win.attila the hun was one of the most famous leared.attila the hun will win all his battle.
  • ...13 more annotations...
  • Battle of the Catalaunian Plains
    • Veronica Rodriguez
       
      This was a very famous battle. It was during the middle ages. And it was against the franks and the chalons. The franks were really from france.
    • brandon casiano
       
      great battle
    • laverne roache
       
      THAT BATTLE WAS VERY IMPORTANT.
    • kimberly ramos
       
      this battle was very famous.it was during the middle ages. in this battle the franks and the chalon were versing.and of course the franks one. the franks were really from france.. this battle was exetemely important.
    • adonys conde
       
      if this battle never even who knows what today would be like,then agian every thing that happened in history is extremly important
  • By 450 Roman control of Gaul had grown feeble,
    • Veronica Rodriguez
       
      When it grows a feeble that means it grows a lot. That means it grows in a rapid speed. If it grows in a rapid speed then it is a well joined group. It works good to get this rapid or feeble grow of territory.
  • Gaul b
    • Veronica Rodriguez
       
      Gaul was conquered by Ceaser. He was the governer of gaul. He governed it for 8 years. He also had a very famous battle there.
    • Jaqueline Ruiz
       
      Gaul was conquered by Julius Ciesar.He was govoner of gaul.He became the Govener of Gaul when Ponpey made him it.He made him it cause Ciesar gave him Julia his daughter.He had a very famouse battle there.He ruled for 8 years.
  • he historian Jordanes states that Attila was enticed by the Vandals' king Gaiseric to wage war on the Visigoths. At the same time, Gaiseric would attempt to sow strife between the Visigoths and the Western Roman Empire (Getica 36.184–6).[1] Other contemporary writers offer different motivations: Honoria, a troublesome sister of the emperor Valentinian III, had been married off to the loyal senator Herculanus a few years before. This kept her in respectable confinement. In 450, she sent a message to the Hunnic king asking for Attila's help in escaping her confinement. She offered her hand in marriage, and half of the empire as dowry. He demanded Honoria to be delivered along with the dowry. Valentinian rejected these demands, and Attila used it as an excuse to launch a destructive campaign through Gaul.[2]
    • brandon casiano
       
      acroding 2 wat ive read it is a very historic battle
    • eric santiago
       
      yes, it was a historic battle
  • Upon learning of the invasion, the Magister militum Flavius Aetius moved quickly from Italy into Gaul. According to Sidonius Apollinaris he was leading forth a force consisting of few and sparse auxiliaries without one regular soldier.[7] He immediately attempted to convince Theodoric I to join him. The Visigothic king learned how few troops Aëtius had with him and decided it was wiser to wait to oppose the Huns in his own lands.
  • Battle of the Catalaunian Plains
    • jaida pacheco
       
      Since the battle of Catalaunian Plains has another name why did they call it Catalaunians Plains? They had other names to pick from. just cause it was around that place they didn't have to call it that. The name isn't that bad but still they aren't even taking place there. It was just near there.
    • Jaqueline Ruiz
       
      The war called Catalaunian Plain was named like that because it was fought near there.It was also called Battle of Chalons.It took place in 451ad.
    • brandon casiano
       
      a hostric battle
  • 450 Roman control of Gaul had grown feeble, as had control over all of the provinces beyond Italy. Celtic Armorica was only nominally part of the empire. Germanic tribes prowling around Roman territory had been forcibly settled
    • jaida pacheco
       
      Ever since the battle almost all the romans have perished and the Franks have basicly taken over.
  • By 1 450 Roman control of Gaul had grown feeble, as had control over all of the provinces beyond Italy. Celtic Armorica was only nominally part of the empire. Germanic tribes prowling around Roman territory had been forcibly settled and served as foederati under their own leaders
  • The Battle of the Catalaunian Plains (or Fields), also called the Battle of Châlons (also spelled Chalons or Chalon) or Battle of the Campus Mauriacus, took place in 451 between a coalition led by the Roman general Flavius Aetius and the Visigothic king Theodoric I on one side and the Huns and their allies commanded by Attila on the other. It was one of the last major military operations of the Western Roman Empire and marks the apex of the career of Flavius Aetius.
    • anthony rodriguez
       
      this was a very important battle
    • anthony rodriguez
       
      this was a very important battle
    • devine martin
       
      the battle was so big vikings everywhere
  • Battle of Châlons
    • jason ocasio
       
      the battle of chalons was one of the crazy battles.the battle of chalons almost lead to the end of roma.luckly roma got back on thier feet and saved roma.they did win but they still did not let them take over roma.
  • Northern 1 Gaul b etween the Rhine and Marne rivers ( Gallia Belgica ) had unofficially been abandoned to the Franks . The Visigoths in Gallia Aquitania were growing restive. The Burgundians near the Alps were more submissive, but likewise awaiting openings for revolt
    • jason ocasio
       
      northen gaul was between the Rhine and the Marne rivers.but it had been abandoned to the franks.how ever was living thire they lost in a battled to the franks. then who ever was living thire befor had a couple people that was living thire still and they were wanting forr revolt
  • the powerful local magnate Avitus for help, who was not only able to convince Theodoric to join with the Romans, but also a number of other wavering "barbarians" resident in Gaul[8]. The combined armies then marched for Aurelianum (Orléans), reaching that city about June 14. Course of the battle According to the author of the Vita S. Anianus, they had reached the besieged Aurelianum literally at the last possible minute. Attila's men had made a breach in the city's walls and had positioned a party within the city. At this very moment, news of an advancing hostile army reached the Huns. They were virtually in control of the city, but to keep it meant to be besieged in it. Hence they broke camp and proceeded back homewards, doubtless looking for an advantageous spot to make a stand. Theodoric and Aetius followed in close pursuit. The two forces at last met at the Catalaunian Fields on June 20, a date first proposed by J.B. Bury[9] and since accepted by many, although some sources claim September 20.
    • devine martin
       
      the barbians were mad beast they destroyed everything
  •  
    this was one of the biggest battles ever
  • ...1 more comment...
  •  
    took place in 451. led by Flavius Aetius and Theodoric I vs Attila the Hun and his people.
  •  
    this was also called the battle of chalons it took placed in 451 b.c ... on the roman side they also had the visigoths and together they formed an allie so beat the huns ..
  •  
    this battle had another name too.it was called the battle of chalons.this battle took place in 451 b.c. on the romans side they had the visigoths. them two got together and made an allieance to beat the huns.
eric santiago

Clovis I - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 13 views

  • Clovis I
    • Aahlya Mendez
       
      he was a king right.yeah of the franks.the franks were very animals. didnt take showers and we not clean people. there hairs were long and not very lisinative.
    • kimberly ramos
       
      clovis was alright. he would kill you and another person. he really didnt care.he was also the leader of the franks.he killed sigabert. when he killed him he started saying his son killed him. but then he said that sigaberts son killed him self.but really clovis killed him.
  • Clovis (c. 466-511) was the first King of the Franks to unite all the the Frankish tribes under one king. He also introduced Christianity.
    • joseph reyes
       
      clovis was the first king to unite all the frankish tribes under one king so they can take over all the land of gual.clovis's wife was a christan.his wife wanted for him to be come a christan.clovis sayed to his wife "i will only belive in christianity if your god does two things for me and that was to show his powers an to save his life."
    • adonys conde
       
      well you know what they say "wemon ya can't live with them you can't live with out them"
  • Clovis (c. 466-511) was the first King of the Franks to unite all the the Frankish tribes under one king. He also introduced Christianity
    • anthony rodriguez
       
      he was the 1st king on the franks. in that picture he luks kinda like jesus
    • Julian Berni
       
      he looks kinda pissed off....
    • Jaqueline Ruiz
       
      Clovis killed Cigavert and his son.Clovis told him that he should killl his fathr and take of leading himself.Cigverts son listens to Clovis and killed his own father.Then Clovis asked that Cigverts son to show him all the treasure he had.Well he did and then while Cigverts son had his hands on the gold and then Clovis closed the treasure door and then one of his men stasbed him in the back.That same day he went to franks he told them what happened but told them that Cigverts son killed his own father but Clovis killed Cigverts son for killing his own father.And then he became Emperor of Franks
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  • He was the son of Childeric I and Basina.
  • Arian Christianity common among the Germanic peoples
  • Clovis roi des Francs by François-Louis Dejuinne (1786–1844)
    • Gabriela Morales
       
      Clovis was from the Merovingian Dynasty first lead by Merovech. As I said in the other article the first 3 kings were kings by blood. Merovech was the father of Childeric the first. Childeric 1 was the father of Clovis. They were all leaders of the Franks. The time of Clovis was when the Franks were at their highest power. By the time Clovis died they have conquered all of Gaul and eastern Europe. Clovis did some bad things to get all that power. But then again the Franks were a barbarian tribe so most people already see them as ferocious.
  • Clovis (c. 466-511) was the first King of the Franks to unite all the Frankish tribes under one king.
    • lezlie gonzalez
       
      clovis made the frankes cristian
    • eric santiago
       
      YES HE DID MAKE THE FRANKS CRISTIAN
  • base was to the southwest
  • Clovis conquered the neighboring Salian
  • In primary sources Clovis' name is spelled in a number of variants:
  • In 486, with the help of Ragnachar, Clovis defeated Syagrius, the last Roman official in northern Gaul, who ruled the area around Soissons in present-day Picardie.[4] This victory at Soissons extended Frankish rule to most of the area north of the Loire. After this, Clovis secured an alliance with the Ostrogoths through the marriage of his sister Audofleda to their king, Theodoric the Great. He followed this victory with another in 491 over a small group of Thuringians east of the Frankish territories. Later, with the help of the other Frankish sub-kings, he narrowly defeated the Alamanni in the Battle of Tolbiac.
  • Clovis had previously married the Christian Burgundian
  • princess Clotilde (493)
  • Battle of Tolbiac. Fresco at the Panthéon (Paris) by Paul-Joseph Blanc circa 1881.
  • Saint Remigius baptizes Clovis, in a painting of ca 1500
  • Statue depicting the baptism of Clovis by Saint Remigius. Clovis statue at the Abbey Church of Saint-Denis
  • Clovis was baptised at Rheims on Christmas 496, 498 or 506 by Saint Remigius
  • Shortly before his death, Clovis called a synod of Gallic bishops to meet in Orléans to reform the church and create a strong link between the Crown and the Catholic episcopate. This was the First Council of Orléans.
  • Clovis is remembered for three main accomplishments: his unification of the Frankish nation, his conquest of Gaul, and his conversion to the Roman Catholic Faith.
  • Clovis' powe
    • brandon casiano
       
      it was amazing how much power it is
    • eric santiago
       
      YES IT IS AMAZHOW MUCH POWER IT IS
  • at the time, at the instigation of his wife, Clotilda, a Burgundian. He was baptized in a small church which was on or near the site of the Cathedral of Rheims, where most future French kings would be crowned. This act was of immense importance in the subsequent history of Western and Central Europe in general, for Clovis expanded his dominion over almost all of the old Roman province of Gaul (roughly modern France). He is considered the founder of the Merovingian dynasty which ruled the Franks for the next two centuries. Contents [hide]
  •  
    Clovis was the first frank king to untie all the Frankish tribe under one king .. he also introduced Christianity . his dad was childeric and basina... when he turned 16 he succeeded his father in the year 481. 
  • ...5 more comments...
  •  
    Clovis was the First frank king to untie all the Frankish tribe under one king
  •  
    was the king of the franks
  •  
    his father died when he was the age of 9
  •  
    clovis is the king of the franks.he gained his positiiion.clovis had four sons.clovis died at the age of 45. they burried him in paris.his funeral was in the church he built. his father died when he was 9.
  •  
    clovius was the king of the franks.
  •  
    the franks were like animals back then. they didnt bath or should i say they didnt take a shower. so back then they were dicusting.i wouldnt last there.
  •  
    cloves was the first king of the franks. cloves had a wife and she was a cristian. cloves became a cristian. so only some people that were in the franks turned into cristians. but cloves made a treaty with alleric the II.but the treaty did not last to long because alleric started to kill cristians in his palace. so after a while cloves killed alleric in 508 ad and that same year he was elected council of rome.
Jihad Little

Viking - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 11 views

  • A Viking (pron. /ˈvaɪkɪŋ/) is one of the Norse (Scandinavian) explorers, warriors, merchants, and pirates who raided and colonized wide areas of Europe from the late eighth to the early eleventh century.[1] These Norsemen used their famed longships to travel as far east as Constantinople and the Volga River in Russia, and as far west as Iceland, Greenland, and Newfoundland. This period of Viking expansion is known as the Viking Age, and forms a major part of the medieval history of Scandinavia, Britain, Ireland and the rest of Europe in general.
  • In Old Norse, the word is spelled víkingr.[3] The word appears on several rune stones found in Scandinavia. In the Icelanders' sagas, víking refers to an overseas expedition (Old Norse fara í víking "to go on an expedition"), and víkingr, to a seaman or warrior taking part in such an expedition.
    • christopher marquez
       
      why were the vikings call the vikingr. were did tthey found the rune stones. did they find them in a cave or sumthing.
    • Jihad Little
       
      thats a good question... why were they called vikings?
    • yulissa gomez
       
      yaeh why were they called the vikingr =]
    • eric santiago
       
      yes why were they colled the vikings in the first place.
    • stella almonte
       
      seriously why were they called vikings
    • Jihad Little
       
      lol we all are repeating the same question and we dont know the answer
  • The word disappeared in Middle English, and was reintroduced as Viking during 18th century Romanticism (the "Viking revival"), with heroic overtones of "barbarian warrior" or noble savage.
  • ...29 more annotations...
  • Viking
    • Jihad Little
       
      i was absent when santimaria was teaching about vikings and i have a cople questions... where vikings goths to? or were they like a different type of barbarion
    • Jihad Little
       
      this really doesnt matter but i want to make it known that my favorite team is the vikings = ]
    • yulissa gomez
       
      mr.samtamaria i was abbsent for this lesson but i will try to do some work on the viking
    • edward estremera
       
      the vikings wer crazy and they no how to have fun rain or shine they would play this game tyhat when you think your girl is chiting on you they hang three piece of your hari on a bored and if your man miss it it you and the wiffy die
    • Genesis Nunez
       
      vikings were barbarians. But even though they were vikings they had the best boat in the world
    • laverne roache
       
      they would drink from animails hors. i thought that was very wierd. they knew how to have fun . and mr. santamaira am not writing an capss aree u happy nowwwwww
    • omar pichardo
       
      vikings would have crazy games when they ate one of games was tug of war in the middle ther would be fire
    • eric santiago
       
      yes, the vikings were crazy
  • According to custom, all free Norse men were required to own weapons, as well as permitted to carry them at all times. These arms were also indicative of a Viking's social status: a wealthy Viking would have a complete ensemble of a helmet, shield, chainmail shirt, and sword. A typical bóndi (freeman) was more likely to fight with a spear and shield, and most also carried a seax as a utility knife and side-arm.
  • Bows were used in the opening stages of land battles, and at sea, but tended to be considered less "honorable" than a hand weapon.
    • christopher marquez
       
      a bow should ahve been a weapon to carry around its lite weight n fast to pull out. u could shoot very far. why would u not carry that around
    • christopher marquez
       
      why did the wealthy men get a full complete armor?? and the bondi(freeman) get a spear,shield. and a knife side- arm to figh with?
  • The use of human skulls as drinking vessels is also ahistorical
    • christopher marquez
       
      what kind of sick guy cutts a other guys skull juust to drink somethin.
    • stella almonte
       
      the vikings i guess
  • Vikings were relatively unusual for the time in their use of axes as a main battle weapon.
    • christopher marquez
       
      an a axe was a good idea for using in battle. but i dnt think that u could kill a whole bunch of people . you'll b able to kill bout 50 and thts if ur a good killer lol
  • Romantic nationalism
    • Julian Berni
       
      not the kind of mushy love romantic.. f***ing retards....
  • Germanic mysticism,
  • Septentrionalism,
    • omar pichardo
       
      the ship the vikings build were very strong
  • Germanic noble savages
  • Victorian era Viking revival.[2]
  • site of the Vikings' last stand in Skye
  • To "go Viking" was distinctly different from Norse seaborne missions of trade and commerce
  • The period from the earliest recorded raids in the 790s until the Norman Conquest of England in 1066 is commonly known as the Viking Age of Scandinavian history. The Normans, however, were descended from Danish Vikings who were given feudal overlordship of areas in northern France — the Duchy of Normandy — in the 10th century.
    • alexi viera
       
      vikings were very powerful type of barbrions. they conqured many territories. the things they did for fun was drink alot of bear. also they wouyld take a woman and braid three parts of he womans hair then lock there head up in a circle thingy and thed thing is they throw axes at the girls briads. if they hit all the briads then the woman is loyal and will be a good wife. if they dont hit all of them then they wouyld kill her. and while they are playing and they hit her it automatically meant she wasnt good. the thing that they really do for a living is kill.
    • yulissa gomez
       
      the vikingsr they were so powerful type of the barbrions
  • Decline
    • yulissa gomez
       
      the vakingr raids and they become more risky and more less profitable
  • Following a period of thriving trade and Viking settlement, cultural impulses flowed from the rest of Europe to affect Viking dominance. Christianity had an early and growing presence in Scandinavia, and with the rise of centralized authority and the development of more robust coastal defense systems, Viking raids became more risky and less profitable.
  • In Old English, the word wicing appears first in the Anglo-Saxon poem, "Widsith", which probably dates from the 9th century. In Old English, and in the writings of Adam von Bremen, the term refers to a pirate, and is not a name for a people or a culture in general. Regardless of its possible origins, the word was used more as a verb than as a noun, and connoted an activity and not a distinct group of individuals. To "go Viking" was distinctly different from Norse seaborne missions of trade and commerce.
  • During the 20th century, the meaning of the term was expanded to refer not only to the raiders, but also to the entire period; it is now, somewhat confusingly, used as a noun both in the original meaning of raiders, warriors or navigators, and to refer to the Scandinavian population in general. As an adjective, the word is used in expressions like "Viking age", "Viking culture", "Viking colony", etc., generally referring to medieval Scandinavia. The pre-Christian Scandinavian population is also referred to as Norse, although that term is properly applied to the whole civilization of Old-Norse-speaking people. In current Scandinavian languages, the term Viking is applied to the people who went away on Viking expeditions, be it for raiding or trading.[4] The term Varangians made its first appearance in Byzantium where it was introduced to designate a function. In Russia it was extended to apply to Scandinavian warriors journeying to and from Constantinople. In the Byzantine sources Varangians are first mentioned in 1034 as in garrison in the Thracian theme. The Persian geographer Al Biruni has mentioned the Baltic Sea as the Varangian Sea and specifies the Varangians as a people dwelling on its coasts. The first datable use of the word in Norse literature appears by Einarr Skúlason in 1153. According to Icelandic Njalssaga from the 13th century, the institution of Varangian Guard was established by 1000. In the Russian Primary Chronicle the Varangian is used as a generic term for the Germanic nations on the coasts of the Baltic sea that likewise lived in the west as far as the land of the English and the French.[5] The word Væringjar itself is regarded in Scandinavia as of Old Norse origin, cognate with the Old English Færgenga (literally, an expedition-goer).
  • The Gokstad Viking ship on display in Oslo, Norway.
    • edward estremera
       
      they found this bout in the ground in a beach he had his body and his gold in this is now in norway and it in perfect shape
    • laverne roache
       
      the way to day in viking way is to die with a sord in there hand
  • A reconstructed Viking Age long house
  • Main article: Viking expansion Map showing area of Scandinavian settlement in the eighth (dark red), ninth (red), tenth (orange) and eleventh (yellow) centuries. Green denotes areas subjected to frequent Viking raids.[image reference needed] The Vikings sailed most of the North Atlantic, reaching south to North Africa and east to Russia, Constantinople and the middle east, as looters, traders, colonists, and mercenaries. Vikings under Leif Eriksson, heir to Erik the Red, reached North America, and set up a short-lived settlement in present-day L'Anse aux Meadows, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.
  • in the Middle East, due to the more centralized Islamic power.[citation needed] Generally speaking, the Norwegians expanded to the north and west to places such as Ireland, Iceland and Greenland ; the Danes to England and France, settling in the Danelaw (northern/eastern England) and Normandy ; and the Swedes to the east. These nations, although distinct, were similar in culture and languag
  •  
    the viking is one of the norse which is also called scandinavian
adonys conde

Reportret: Leif Ericsson - 3 views

  • At the end of the tenth century ce the Scandinavians dominated the North Sea, Baltic Sea, and the northern Atlantic. As ‘Vikings’ they had raided the shores and, sailing the rivers, sites far inland. As ‘Norsemen’ they had settled in conquered areas. The Swedes had built up a trade network along the Eastern European waterways and were locally known as the Rus — the ‘Rowers’. Many Danes had settled in England (the region of the Danelag or Danelaw) and in Northern France, where it's still called ‘Normandy’. Meanwhile, the Norwegians had colonized the Orkney Islands, the Hebrides, the Shetlands, the Faroese, Iceland, and Greenland. The American continent was the logical next step. Leif Ericsson (*970–†1020 ce, in Old Norse ‘Leifr Eiríksson’) was a born explorer, for his father — Eric the Red (‘Eiríkr raudi’) — had founded the Greenland colony. About the year 1000 ce Leif Ericsson and his shipmates set sail and left Greenland to search th
    • yulissa gomez
       
      back then the vikings they had raid the shores and alsoo sailing the rivers. eastern european were known the RUS.
    • yulissa gomez
       
      also the norwegians they had colonized the orkney isalnd , the hebrides and the shetlands also the faroese.iceland and greenland.
    • adonys conde
       
      the raids never lasted long cause they just did it for fun is what image
  • e land that, according to rumours, could be found even further to the west.
that Nikqa dannY Rodriguez

Ivar the Boneless - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 3 views

  • Ivar the Boneless
    • kimberly ramos
       
      ivar the bonelesswas the danish viking chieftain. then he was known as a son of the powerful ragner lodbrok
    • Jaqueline Ruiz
       
      iVaR wAs nIcKnAmEd bOnLeS.hE WaS A ViKinq.HE WaS AlSo a bErSeRkeR.HE WaS aLsO KnOwN As thE a sOn oF RaNqAr lOdBrOK By ThE 11 cEnTeRY.
    • devine martin
       
      he was a barbian or a franc his name was funny he was a chief.
  • Nickname
    • Jaqueline Ruiz
       
      hIs nIcKnAmE wAS bONlESS.
  •  
    "Ivar the Boneless"
  •  
    ivar the bonelesswas the danish viking chieftain. then he was known as a son of the powerful ragner lodbrok.
that Nikqa dannY Rodriguez

Kingdom of Heaven (film) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 9 views

  • Kingdom of Heaven (film)
    • devine martin
       
      these a good movie but were not done yet i cant wait
    • adonys conde
       
      kingdom of heaven is more than just a film full of blood and violance and muslims its about one person named Balian of Iblein who lived his life as a slave and then found his father who was a crusader,but sadly shortly after they meet his father died and then he became a knight and took a journy to jerusalem and thats all I known
    • Genesis Nunez
       
      Kingdom of Heaven is an amazing movie it shows you why the army add to go from water to water if not they will die but shows you lots more
    • lezlie gonzalez
       
      kingdome of heaven shows you a little bit how the crusades were. it was almost like the real one but they added a little hollywood to it
  • The story is set during the Crusades of the 12th century.
    • omar jimenez
       
      it is crazy how we no all of this stuuf. its is cool how can acted it out and do it exactly hoiw they did it. its alsome
  • King Baldwin IV.
    • omar jimenez
       
      this man was very brave and strong. he had this dessies that can kill you in a couple years or so. it is called leopsey . this dessiase eat ur skin and it is contation so u can get put ibut it is bad cause u need to ware gloves and stuff
  • ...9 more annotations...
  • Kingdom of Heaven i
    • laverne roache
       
      This was a great movie. I enjoyed watching it very much. The actors are great. It was very intresting to know what happen.
    • lezlie gonzalez
       
      it was so realalistic!
  • Kingdom of Heaven (f i lm) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
    • genesis grullon
       
      this was a very intersting movie. i didnt like it that much. it was alright. the actors were good.
    • Jihad Little
       
      this movie was about the crusades and times around that period. this movie was one of the greatest movies i had ever saw. it was so realistic and gave alot of great information about that time
  • Kingdom of Heaven
    • Jihad Little
       
      kingdom of heaven was a great movie. it showed how things were during those days.
  • Balian
    • Genesis Nunez
       
      Bailian was a great leader and a great worrior and he respected all the muslims
  • A French village blacksmith goes to aid the city of Jerusalem in its defense against the Muslim and Kurdish leader Saladin, who is battling to reclaim the city from the Christians. The film script is a heavily fictionalized portrayal of
    • Gabriela Morales
       
      This movie was really good it told the story about Balian. He was a french blacksmith. After he kills a preist he flees to Jerusalem. His father was king. He promised king Baldwin ( hes not the father) that he would protect Jerusalem and he kept his promise all through the movie. Even when he lost a battle he compromised with Saladin and the people in Jerusalem were safely escourted out.
  • In a remote village in France, Balian (Orlando Bloom), a blacksmith, is haunted by his wife's (Nathalie Cox) recent suicide,
  • Directed by Ridley Scott
    • Gabriela Morales
       
      Kingdom of heaven was a really good movie. It was directed by Ridley Scott. He directed Gladiator as well. I like how Ridley Scott not only makes movies of history but actually puts historic facts. He does not put lies in the movies he tells us the truth very vividly and accurately.
  •  
    Kingdom Of Heaven shows you some things about the crusaders. this movie was good.
  •  
    "Kingdom of Heaven"
brandon casiano

Baldwin I of Jerusalem - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 4 views

  • Baldwin I of Jerusalem
    • Aahlya Mendez
       
      Baldwin I of jureselum was brorn in france. Which should have meant he was a Frank. He was in one of the 1 st crusades. He wanted Jerusalem because there god and our s died there. He also became the first Count of Edessa. He was the 1 st King of Jerusalem. Then when he conquered and one year after that he died. And then the other person that ruled Jerusalem when to Edessa to rule 2. But soon another war was gonna come up when they didnt now.
    • Alberto Torres
       
      he was a frank. he also been emperor of edessa. after his wifes death
  • Death
  • Baldwin I of Jerusalem
    • kimberly ramos
       
      He was One Of The leaders of the first crusade. he became the first count Of Edessa. And Then the Second Ruler and first titled King Of Jerusalem. He Was The Brother Od Godfrey Of Bouillon. God Of Bouillon Was Then First Ruler Of the Crusader State Of Jerusalem . He refused The Title Of KING Which Baldwin Excepted. Baldwin Was originally intended for a career in the church. he had given up around 1080. He Died Because He Felt ill. He was convinced that the sickness came from his wife adelaide. Just Because theyt thought that She was Sent Back to Sicily also because of her discussed. He Didnt die There He Recovered and every thing . Then These Knights aimed at Fishes and By accident aimed at him. baldwin got wounded. they carried him back to Jerusalem But didnt make It And died.
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • Baldwin I of Jerusalem
    • Gabriela Morales
       
      Baldwin 1 was the ruler of Jerusalem. He was one of the leaders in the first crusade. He died during it. He was called the leper king. They called him that because of the disease he had. He had a disease that made your skin fall off. It makes him weaker and he died early because he cannot move around too much. He did during the crusade. His death was very sad. He became friends with Balian. He was loved by everyone actually.
    • brandon casiano
       
      king of jurusalm a great leader
  • Death
    • Gabriela Morales
       
      The death of Baldwin the first was a terribly sad one. He had leprosy so he gets tired easily. His skin falls off and dries up. He thought he would live for a long time but when he heard he got this disease he knows he won´t really 50. When he was traveling he got very sick. He died.
Aahlya Mendez

Bohemond I of Antioch - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 3 views

  • Early life
    • Aahlya Mendez
       
      The Early life of Behemond was born in San Marco Argeno, Calibra as the eldest son of the Norman noblemen Robert Guiscard, Duke of Apulia and Calabria, and his wife Aberada of Buonalbergo. He was christenened "Mark" at this baptism, but was nicknamed Bohamon , by his father due to his size as an infant.
    • Aahlya Mendez
       
      The Norman monarchy he found in Antioch survived those in both England and Sicily. According the Breve Chronoco Northmannicum Behemond was in 1079 in command of a unit of his father's army.
    • Aahlya Mendez
       
      And also they are Franks or from france.
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