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1. The purpose of this paper is to share reflections of the three authors on the process of instructional design and implementation of blended learning for teachers' professional development (PD) in rural western Kenya. 2. There are for different reserach questions but one of them is caught my attention as we have the same problem in our country I think; How appropriate is blended learning for teachers in a rural setting? 3. The design-based research methodology in the study comprised a number of research methods. The methods included ethnographic observations, qualitative interviews, narratives and documentation of design artifacts

Based on Reeves' design-based research model, this study did the research following 6 stages. In stage 1, a needs analysis was conducted with K-12 teachers in four 2-hour workshops in which teachers created WebQuests. Researchers came up with some design principles. In the second stage, based on needs analysis and literature review, a prototype Electronic Performance Support System (EPSS) was developed. In the following phase, the prototype EPSS was tested and evaluated as well as continuing needs analysis and refining design principles. In stage 4, the web-based EPSS prototype was developed through expert evaluation and some modifications were made. Stage 5 was characterized with continuous evaluation and testing with the practitioners in a similar workshop. Like in the first stage, data was collected through interviews, questionnaires, filed notes etc. Deriving from the findings gathered in stage 5, the design principles were developed and refined. As seen in the example, practitioners were involved in the process, both qualitative and quantitative data collection tools were utilized and EPSS was jointly developed by continuous evaluation and testing. I think the example is quite good to understand DBR.

As the literature on expertise underscores, "thinking" or "metacognition" is a key factor in expertise. Dr. Cabrera, in this talk, discusses the weakness of 'encyclopedic' knowledge possessed by Ivy League students and harshly criticize them for they struggle to transfer those memorized knowledge. It could be said he addresses "a mile wide and an inch deep" approach taken by curriculum designers nowadays, which prevents deep understanding of issues that an expert is expected to have. According to him, "system is broken." As a result, he offers his own DSRP (Distinctions, Systems, Relationships, Perspectives) theory, which, in my opinion, summarizes what a "genuine expert" possesses in terms of knowledge transfer. Enjoy it!

A system of small cubes that can be used for STEM. Each cube has sensors that are sensitive to different things and can gain the ability to move in this way. Thanks to all these sensors, everyone can use their creativity and design robots for different purposes. An application that I think would be very useful, especially for young children. Although the prices are a bit expensive (330$), I think it is a tool that children can enjoy and learn at many sizes.

Doodle3D Transform is a new 3D app that you can transfom your 2D drawings easily into 3D designs. Beside drawing by hand, you can also scan your photos or upload existing ones. After completing designs, you can send to 3D printer and have it. This project attract much attention at Kickstarter and they collected enough fund. This application can not be a sort of augmented reality one, I don't know but I want to share. I think, it is very usable and helpful for especially kindergarten students. Besides, while STEM is gaining many attention at the education society; this app can also be usable at other level with developing some extensions. Creativity is very important for all students at education and it is very appropriate for that mission. Using pen at our mobile education is still can be spectacular sometimes and I cannot imagine what will possibly happen if developers of that application succeed.

I want that! Where we can buy it?:)) Especially for kids it is really helpfull and enjoyable to realize which they draw something. It is like dreams come to the reality:)

:)) Now the beta version is accessible for Kickstarter backers and the final version come out at February. You can get detailed information from their website; http://doodle3d.com/ I continue to follow that project, I will also share the developments at there.

Art is like a filter in our brain to mean the world we are in. By visiting art museums, watching more movies and put more emphasize on literature, i believe that we really can 'Design the world' with respect to critical thinking skills and social tolerance:)

Couldn't agree more with you and this article you shared:) Being exposed to diversity of ideas and being challenged by differences, what a joy :) I also believe that it helps design the world,

"If a decision were to be made by the minister of education or the government to move in a new direction, then the orientations, the value system and the commitment of design-based researchers would be a natural way because it is an engineering field approach applied in education,"

Hocam, it would be nice to build a DBR team, we desperately need such an innovation in our field. Maybe, there can be DBR schools where researchers can work with voluntary teachers. If some incentives are provided for the teachers by MONE, they will work eagerly in the projects. Just an example: nowadays, lots of English teachers are doing really good Comenius projects and the motive behind their hard work is going abroad:)

+1 for DBR team & DBR Schools. I can try to find some support from MONE side.

This is the article which defines critical characteristics of situated learning enviroment. The authors used a lot of literature in the analysis part of the study. The purpose of this study was firstly, to identify critical characteristics of a situated learning environment from the extensive literature base on the subject; secondly, to operationalise the critical characteristics of a situated learning environment by designing a multimedia program which incorporated the identified characteristics; and thirdly, to investigate students' perceptions of their experiences using an multimedia package based on a situated learning framework. I think it will helpful us while we are searching for more articles on situated learning, because it has an extensive reference list.

Designing the instruction to make use of authenticity is very important as we discussed in the posts. Thank you Hatice for sharing this : )

Tynker is the English online platform where the students (children) are taught programming. The aim of the platform is to provide a solid infrastructure for STEM to prepare for the 21st century. Its slogan is "the easiest way to learn programming at school" and more than 20,000 schools use this program. It also include design base learning. I think learning programming at early ages is very important for children to develop their critical and algorithmic thinking skills. This platform facilitates both teachers' work and makes it fun for children.

I really like the program. Even I can use it to learn the basic things from this program. Thanks for the share!

"Codecademy - Learn to code interactively, for free"

What makes a tutor intelligent? Its design to simulate a human tutor's behavior and guidance. Evrim Hocam I see your point:) but I think it's a basic intelligent system, isn't it?

Mustafa, I was just wondering how the literature on ITSs define "intelligence" in their context. What makes a system intelligent? Let's elaborate more on this in class.

"Tell me and I forget, teach me and I may remember, involve me and I learn." ― Benjamin Franklin In the area of adult learning, Ben Franklin turns out to be quite prescient.

That's true. Education is a social-emotional act. As I said in my personal learning theory, teaching humans is not like inserting lines of codes to series of robots to make them behave in a specific way. We all have emotions and our emotions to a specific event may not be same all the time as our point of views to an event are affected by our personal experiences, culture, philosophy, etc. In that sense, for a teacher, it is important to monitor students' feelings to a specific topic and to arrange learning environments in which students have positive feelings about a topic.

"Introduce failure into your learning design." something we appreciate less in our educational system.

This video is about how to integrate technology in PE classroom by using aurasma app. A basketball coach tries to teach three basic basketball skills with augmented reality platform. Also, she shows how this aurasma app is used step by step. Enjoy!

I mentioned at OdtüClass forum abou the flexibility of that Aurasma platform and this video is the good example of it. I think that platform can be fitted to any area with the right design.

Although it is a nice though, it is not very effective for the sport enviroment. While you are practicing, it is really hard to run around with an ipad. But i agree the way of teaching. Maybe they can design a diffirent tool for more effective trainings.

The video provides a good presentation of design based research with an example. I think it gives insights for our online discussions and in-class activities. I hope you enjoy watching it.

I liked the way they put schemas and give related examples. That made bigger and clearer picture of DBR in my mind, thanks:) It also higlights the importance and reasons of using DBR.

Thank you for posting this video..Quite comprehensive..And a nice coincidence that Dr. Ömer Delialioğlu from CEIT is in reference list.

A nice example of learning by design.

A very good example :-)) I think this supports the idea that projects should have an aim and provide possible solutions to existing problems. As we all know, necessity is the mother of invention. So when we want to engage sts with design activities, we should be realistic and provide them with problems from real life.

This is an article by Chris Dede (Harvard Graduate School of Education August, 2004). It focuses on the importance and difficulties of DBR. You can get help from this article, while trying to answer the questions on LMS.

There was a case in one of the articles, the researchers were asked to provide an example of their research findings which helped them to solve a problem in practice and they were silent. It is a really good example of the gap between research and practice.When I think that research findings will not help to solve problems in the field, I start to question the things I am doing because being a part of the solution, not the problem" was the starting point of my academic life...

I really like the idea offered by DBR that is against the highly controlled laboratory settings are settings that research settings resembling that. But I still can not grasp how multi number of variables can healthly or in a valid sense can be studied all together in DBR. Maybe the local issue gains importance at this point.

I have seen this post when I was searching for how can interaction with peers contribute to learning maths. It is written by ROBERT SUN who is the CEO of Suntex International and inventor of First In Math, an online program designed for deep practice in mathematics. The things that are mentioned felt very similar with our country's situation actually, as learners how do we use concepts of maths (or any other courses) except from school? May be the first reason for our students cannot learn and hate maths is behind this question.

"Teachers can encourage their students to express themselves verbally using mathematical terms; even in the early grades, children can be asked to explain what they want or mean using numbers, or relationships between numbers. Anything that encourages them to talk about math and mathematical concepts is beneficial." Social math!. It looks like article emphasizes the importance of language in information exchange. It reminds me Vygotsky's socio-cultural theory in which he also believed that language is important for learning. He also purported that language is culture-dependent so each cultures' learning may be different from each other. In addition, providing opportunity to students to express themselves verbally can give us clues about current mental maps of students as to a specific topic (what is correct, what needs improvement, etc.). In addition, students can transfer their transformed ideas (ideas transformed from scholarly language to level-appropriate language) to their friends which can facilitate their learning.

Yasin, I am curious to hear about some of the contemporary approaches towards teaching Math, a subject generally taught with more traditional methods. Regarding mathphobia, we also need to think about the culture that stimulates that.

Part 1 of Series of five videos: I really enjoyed watching the video, it is a nice presentation of TPACK. Here are the links for the other videos: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B9gB6AP3BEs http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FOYCmPUVFfs http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s_bgeohrV_k http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a-NhPA9yL3A