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Christophe Gauthier

Ten Leading Business Intelligence Software Solutions - 2 views

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    "Ten Leading Business Intelligence Software Solutions By Thor Olavsrud May 5, 2010 The Business Intelligence software market is shaping up as a David vs. Goliath struggle. Behemoths like Microsoft, Oracle and IBM offer feature-rich BI suites along with their many other enterprise software products. Meanwhile, pure-play business intelligence software vendors -- such as MicroStrategy and Tableau -- have avid followers and are known for innovating around new features and quickly adjusting to the shifting marketplace. Why is this important? Because Business Intelligence software is used to extract data from disparate sources -- spreadsheets, databases and other software programs -- inside companies and then analyze that business data to better understand a firm's internal and external strengths and weaknesses. A business relies heavily on this data. Bottom line: Business intelligence software enables managers to better see the relationship between different data for critical decision-making -- particularly opportunities for innovation, cost reduction and optimal resource deployment. The list below includes ten industry-leading BI solutions, from vendors large and not-so-large. If you're looking for a bird's eye view of this rapidly evolving market, the following condensed portraits should help. Business Intelligence Software: Ten Solutions Note: This list is NOT ordered "best to worst." The question of what business intelligence software solution is best for a given company depends on an entire matrix of factors. This list is simply an overview of BI solutions, with the debate about quality left to individual clients. SAP Crystal Reports Crystal Reports is part of SAP's Business Objects portfolio of business intelligence software solutions. It allows users to graphically design interactive reports and connect them to virtually any data source, Microsoft Excel spreadsheets, Oracle databases, Business Objects Enterprise business views and local file system info
Bertrand Duperrin

Management and Virtual Decentralised Networks: The Linux Project - 0 views

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    This paper examines the latest of paradigms - the Virtual Network(ed) Organisation - and whether geographically dispersed knowledge workers can virtually collaborate for a project under no central planning. Co-ordination, management and the role of knowledge arise as the central areas of focus. The Linux Project and its development model are selected as a case of analysis and the critical success factors of this organisational design are identified. The study proceeds to the formulation of a framework that can be applied to all kinds of virtual decentralised work and concludes that value creation is maximized when there is intense interaction and uninhibited sharing of information between the organisation and the surrounding community. Therefore, the potential success or failure of this organisational paradigm depends on the degree of dedication and involvement by the surrounding community.
Christophe Deschamps

La collaboration… une fumisterie ? - 8 views

  • Le Web social montre la voie à de nouvelles manières de faciliter l’échange de savoir, tant à l’intérieur qu’à l’extérieur de nos organisations, mais les comportements collaboratifs, indispensables à l’éclosion de modes de travail en accord avec la nouvelle économie en réseau qui est en train de se dessiner, ne sont présents (voire même imaginables) que chez bien peu d’entre nous.
  • Des milliers de pages Facebook sont créées chaque jour au nom de la promesse presque toujours fallacieuse de construire des communautés.
  • Ce dont nous avons besoin n’est pas de forcer l’adoption de nouvelles pratiques dans des structures conservatrices, mais de faciliter leur diffusion, par l’utilisation et la modification de mécanismes existants, quoique latents, pour permettre l’émergence de nouvelles pratiques.
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  • La véritable collaboration requiert non seulement le développement d’un environnement collectif favorable, mais aussi de la confiance. Le problème est que la confiance est une qualité en voie de disparition. Les marques ne peuvent prétendre ignorer que les clients leur font chaque année de moins en moins confiance, et que cette érosion de la confiance s’exprime partout, y compris sur les médias sociaux. Dans les entreprises, le niveau de confiance est encore plus bas. Le micro-management, l’évaluation continue basée sur la performance dans des environnements de travail prédéfinis, la pression hiérarchique et économique, ont gravement endommagée la confiance parmi les employés. Dans la plupart des cas, la collaboration est une fumisterie.
  • Les travailleurs du savoir doivent continuellement pouvoir disposer de nouvelles ressources, tandis que travail et apprentissage doivent se fondre en un flux continu. Mais, alors que si peu d’entreprises sont suffisamment mûres pour accepter et adopter cette complexité et ainsi redéfinir le travail en termes de flux fluide et collaboratif, comment pouvons-nous aider et accompagner les autres ?
  • Un tel modèle facilite l’adoption de pratiques collaboratives, mais ne tient compte ni des relations réelles entre les membres d’une entreprise et du manque sous-jacent de confiance, ni d’un des défauts majeurs des processus business : les «socialiser» permet plus facilement de prendre en compte les opérations floues ou incertaines, une approche voisine de celle des Barely Repeatable Processes de Thingamy, mais ne fonctionne pas correctement lorsque l’issue elle-même est incertaine. Les processus fonctionnent lorsque le résultat en est prévisible, ce qui est de moins en moins le cas.
  • Les communautés de pratiques, qui développent avec le temps de véritables comportements collaboratifs et adaptatifs, reposent bien plus sur la passion, la patience et l’implication que sur les technologies 2.0. Elles fonctionnent généralement bien en ligne lorsqu’elles fonctionnent bien hors ligne.
  • Ces relations ne sont pas basées sur une transaction, mais reposent sur la valeur que les entreprises peuvent créer en aidant les clients à résoudre les problèmes qu’ils rencontrent dans leur vie quotidienne, en leur proposant de meilleurs produits et services. Le Web social facilite cette logique à dominante service, permettant de recueillir davantage d’informations à partir des interactions entre les individus (c’est ce à quoi s’emploie le CRM Social). La mise en place de ce type de relation est un pré-requis de la collaboration, dont le but ultime est la co-création de valeur.
  • Plutôt que d’aider leurs clients à faire ce qu’ils ont à faire en entretenant une interaction constante, beaucoup de fonctions support les mettent au bout d’un entonnoir orienté processus. Par exemple, la DSI formalise en vain ses relations avec ses clients internes à travers la gestion des exigences, malgré leur inaptitude avérée à résoudre des problèmes réels en temps réel.
  • Redéfinir le client interne en suivant une logique orientée service permettrait de jeter les bases organisationnelles de la collaboration. La plupart des services en bénéficierait; les Ressources Humaines, par exemple, pourrait mettre en place un vrai développement de carrière, au-delà des référentiels métiers et fonctions.
  • Que se passerait-il si les managers considéraient leurs équipes comme des clients ? Faciliter la tâche de ses subordonnés et observer la manière dont ils les gèrent…
  • Je crois que l’application en interne de ce que nous apprenons à faire vis-à-vis de nos clients externes fournit une solution concrète à la préparation du changement vers une entreprise collaborative, pour la grande majorité des entreprises pour qui la collaboration est une fumisterie. Je ne propose pas de modèle, juste un appel au passage à l’acte. Pour faciliter la diffusion de pratiques collaboratives, redéfinissons le client interne, et tenons en compte de la même manière que nous devons à présent tenir compte des clients de nos marques.
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    Texte essentiel de @tdebaillon
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    Bravo, une grande part de ces constats est faire un pas dans une conscience de soi et de son impact sur la société. Les entreprises sont les ultimes clés, aussi je vous propose de penser en terme d'entreprise civile... voir ici: http://www.facebook.com/topic.php?uid=67036426665&topic=8274 le groupe ADN2 .. don t vous pourrez constater qu'il n'y a pratiquement jamais d'intervenants ou de critiques constructives (c'est à dire basée sur ce que l'autre pose comme support ou erreur à corriger.). souvent les forums sont au plus près de ce que les gens arrivent à faire: parler dans leur coin et corriger un par un.. mais il est vrai qu'il y a toujours un aspect "virtuel" sur ce qui est déposé en commun. Or c'est à partir du moment où nous pourrons affirmer travailler en efforts personnels pour des projets communs que nous pourrons parler de réelle collaboration. La différence entre "participer" à un débat en y déposant son avis (et donc d'en recevoir sa propre satisfaction egotiste) ET tenter de construire afin d'affiner et d'optimiser une réponse, en théorie comme en concret est vicieuse: la forme prime encore parce qu'apposer sa signature est devenu le gage d'un "pseudo-engagement, proche de ce que les gouvernances actuelles nous sommes de faire: voter" : cela se rejoint parfaitement dans un lien direct.
Christophe Deschamps

How companies are benefiting from web 2.0: McKinsey Global Survey Results - 0 views

  • 69 percent of respondents report that their companies have gained measurable business benefits, including more innovative products and services, more effective marketing, better access to knowledge, lower cost of doing business, and higher revenues. Companies that made greater use of the technologies, the results show, report even greater benefits.
  • We found that successful companies not only tightly integrate Web 2.0 technologies with the work flows of their employees but also create a “networked company,” linking themselves with customers and suppliers through the use of Web 2.0 tools. Despite the current recession, respondents overwhelmingly say that they will continue to invest in Web 2.0.
  • When we asked respondents about the business benefits their companies have gained as a result of using Web 2.0 technologies, they most often report greater ability to share ideas; improved access to knowledge experts; and reduced costs of communications, travel, and operations. Many respondents also say Web 2.0 tools have decreased the time to market for products and have had the effect of improving employee satisfaction.
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  • Respondents also say they have been able to burnish their innovation skills, perhaps because their companies and customers jointly shape and cocreate products using Web 2.0 connections.
  • The median level of gains derived from internal Web 2.0 use ranged from a 10 percent improvement in operational costs to a 30 percent increase in the speed at which employees are able to tap outside experts.
  • Web 2.0 delivers benefits by multiplying the opportunities for collaboration and by allowing knowledge to spread more effectively. These benefits can accrue through companies’ use of automatic information feeds such as RSS2 or microblogs, of which Twitter is the most popular manifestation. Although many companies use a mix of tools, the survey shows that among all respondents deriving benefits, the more heavily used technologies are blogs, wikis, and podcasts—the same tools that are popular among consumers
  • Similarly, among those capturing benefits in their dealings with suppliers and partners, the tools of choice again are blogs, social networks, and video sharing. While respondents tell us that tapping expert knowledge from outside is their top priority, few report deploying prediction markets to harvest collective insights from these external networks.
  • Comparing respondents’ industries, those at high-technology companies are most likely to report measurable benefits from Web 2.0 across the board, followed by those at companies offering business, legal, and professional services
  • These survey results indicate that a different type of company may be emerging—one that makes intensive use of interactive technologies. This networked organization is characterized both by the internal integration of Web tools among employees, as well as use of the technologies to strengthen company ties with external stakeholders—customers and business partners.
  • As such, companies reporting business benefits also report high levels of Web 2.0 integration into employee workflows. They most often deploy three or more Web tools, and usage is high throughout these organizations
  • Respondents reporting measurable benefits say their companies, on average, have Web 2.0 interactions with 35 percent of their customers. These companies forged similar Web ties to 48 percent of their suppliers, partners, and outside experts. An organizational structure that’s more porous and networked may make companies more resilient and adaptive, sharpening their ability to access knowledge and thus innovate more effectively.
  • The survey results confirm that successful adoption requires that the use of these tools be integrated into the flow of users’ work (Exhibit 5). Furthermore, encouraging continuing use requires approaches other than the traditional financial or performance incentives deployed as motivational tools.
  • They also say role modeling—active Web use by executives—has been important for encouraging adoption internally.
    • Christophe Deschamps
       
      Cf le président de Cisco
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    L'entreprise 2.0 n'est pas qu'un concept et cette étude menée sur 1700 dirigeants le prouve.
Eric Delcroix

Eye tracking study reveals 12 website tactics - 0 views

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    Eye tracking studies have revealed valuable information about how people read and interact with websites. One study, Eyetrack III, published a summary of their
Christophe Deschamps

Football et intelligence collective - 2 views

  • La cybernétique est l’étude des systèmes, c’est-à-dire la modélisation des échanges par l’étude de l’information et des principes d’interaction. On ne s’intéresse pas aux composants du système mais à leurs interactions et au comportement global. Un système complexe est donc fait d’élément en interaction les uns avec les autres(2) organisées dans le but de se maintenir, de survivre et de conquérir. Et à partir de règles simples, on obtient un comportement global complexe qu’on appelle émergence.
  • On retrouve ici la double mission de l’intelligence économique : défendre sa zone sensible, c’est-à-dire l’information corporative stratégique, et promouvoir son activité, c’est-à-dire conquérir des territoires (physiques dans le cas du football ou économiques dans le cas de l’entreprise).
  • Et comme expliqué plus haut, l’intelligence collective s’orchestre donc en deux temps : (a) sur le plan défensif c’est la capacité à se replacer très vite suite à la perte du ballon pour ensuite (b) sur le plan offensif c’est l’exploitation de la récupération du ballon dans un moment où l’équipe adverse est déstabilisée.
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  • Un jeu intelligent est donc fondé sur une alternance équilibrée entre expansion et agrégation de l’équipe.
  • On comprend donc avec l’exemple du football qu’il faut passer d’un état individuel à l’état socialisé pour mettre en place des stratégies de formation de l’intelligence collective.
  • Tout l’enjeu des sociétés individualistes est de faire circuler des informations dans un but d’intelligence collective et d’instaurer un climat relationnel ou chacun a la volonté de faire les choses pour le collectif.
  • un bon dirigeant d’entreprise doit avoir la faculté de synthèse afin de (1) prendre les décisions et (2) donner à ses employés, cadres, chefs de projets le sens de la globalité de l’activité de l’entreprise pour que chacun puisse à son échelle œuvrer pour cette finalité.
  • L’entreprise doit donc développer une conscience d’elle-même et des autres (entreprises) afin de se maintenir et progresser dans des environnements de plus en plus hostiles, comme des marchés, où la compétition fait place à la co-pétition (chacun est à son tour partenaire et concurrent).
  • Il ne faut cependant pas mettre en opposition les expressions individuelle et collective car elles se renforcent et ont besoin l’une de l’autre pour créer une intelligence collective, clef d’une entreprise robuste, pérenne et épanouie.
  • Pour se maintenir, l’entreprise doit donc, par la pratique fine de l’intelligence économique, trouver l’équilibre entre affirmation de son identité et adaptation à un environnement contrariant.
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    Intéressant article sur l'intelligence collective et la nécessité de la faire émerger en entreprise
Christophe Gauthier

Sens du client - Le blog des professionnels du marketing client: Les 10 tendances du Se... - 3 views

  • Les 10 tendances du Sens du client 2010
  • LE CLIENT SERA PLUSIEURS Le client est devenu mutliple. Présent à plusieurs endroits sous une forme différente, c’est un individu fragmenté auquel les marketers doivent désormais faire face. Multiples identités (on compte en France 2,4 adresses mails par personne et 65% ont 2 adresses ou plus), contextes variables : le client est plusieurs et il devient parfois invisible. Pour les entreprises qui gèrent des données concernant leurs clients (une catégorie en très forte augmentation), l’organisation de ces données, la déduplication et la segmentation sont devenues des exercices complexes.
  • Au moment ou le marketing de masse laisse place au marketing comportemental ou ciblé, le marketing des données devient un marketing de masse. La preuve : le one-to-one est moins à la mode que la gestion des communautés qui est une espèce de one to many. On parle désormais de social CRM comme pour habiller délicatement l’ignorance dans laquelle se trouvent beaucoup d’entreprises. Les systèmes d’information qui ont couté des millions aux entreprises se révèlent insuffisants pour appréhender la réalité du client. Comment donner du sens à ces masses de données ? Comment appréhender les nouveaux segments de clients ?
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  • les nouveaux segments sont devenus un fait acquis, alors demandez-vous : comment concevrais-je mon organisation si je savais que dans les cinq prochaines années, 5 ou 6 segments émergeront pour occuper plus de la moitié de mon chiffre d'affaire ?
  • la convergence des canaux de relation et la cohérence des sollicitations. Comment avoir une vision unique du client et comment gérer la pression de communication ? Comment comprendre un client multiple et anticiper son comportement ?
  • LE CLIENT SERA SEUL Le self-service est un progrès de notre société
  • LE CLIENT SERA ECO-SENSIBLE Passer la marque à la machine sur le programme « GreenWashing » : l'occupation de ces dernières années pour les entreprises au marketing qui lave plus vert. Sous la pression d’une actualité dramatisante et de clients anxieux, presque toutes les entreprises adoptent les valeurs « développement durable » ou « respect de l’environnement », espérant réchauffer le climat entre leurs clients et elles
  • Mais le client veut des marques ou des enseignes disponibles et réactives, il désire être autonome, échanger en temps réel n’importe quel jour et à n’importe quelle heure, dans une relation personnalisée
  • En 2009, 36% des entreprises, soit deux fois plus qu’en 2008, (selon cette étude) « ont opté pour les modes de communication économiques, comme le Web et le self-service ». Parfois mauvais calcul quand on constate que –selon la même étude- « Malgré la mise en place de ces services sur Internet, les centres de contacts constatent que le nombre d’appels entrants n’a pas été impacté
  • Dès qu’on ouvre un nouveau canal de relation avec le client type Serveur Vocal Interactif, celà aurait plutôt tendance à faire croitre le nombre de contact globalement. Au bénéfice de la marque qui maitrise l’information qui la concerne et héberge la conversation, et au bénéfice du client qui choisit son mode de communication
  • apporter un vrai bénéfice au client lorsqu’il est seul. Seul face à un site Internet, avec un SVI, une borne interactive, il se sent trop souvent abandonné
  • Bénéfices évidents du client seul : l’aspect pratique et la réduction des prix.
  • les marques ont l’occasion unique de redonner du sens à leur discours avec des valeurs et de créer du lien avec leurs clients. Seront gagnantes les marques qui apporteront des preuves concrètes, qui feront des gestes sans calcul cynique sur un sujet qui n’est pas prêt de quitter l’esprit du client
  • LE CLIENT SERA ORGANISE On sait que le client est multiple, tout comme le sont les propositions commerciales qui s’adressent à lui. Lorsque celles–ci manquent de clarté ou sont défaillantes dans le bénéfice réel, le client revoit ses préférences et hiérarchise ses fournisseurs. Parfois perdu (8 français sur 10 ignorent encore ce que sont les soldes flottants ), souvent sur-sollicité (rappelons que nous sommes confrontés à 400 messages commerciaux par jour-source Francoscopie 2010), le client doit s’organiser
  • LSA nous rapporte qu’une enseigne espagnole a conçu et marketé son espace de vente en trois circuits d’achat : court (convenience store), moyen (achats quotidiens) et longs (courses de la semaine) pour répondre aux besoins du client.
  • LE CLIENT SERA AMELIORE (Photo Avatar). Le client est un roi doté de super-pouvoirs. Entourés, enrichis, connectés, les français sont 67% à avoir accès à Internet chez eux (+6% en un an), et 82% des Français de plus de 12 ans ont un téléphone mobile. Le monde dans le creux de sa main est une réalité pour déjà 5 millions de personnes utilisant Internet mobile (doublement en un an) Source : ARCEP. Le client est assisté, aidé : il ne faut plus faire partie d'une minorité de privilégiés pour savoir qu'il faut tourner à droite dans 200 mètres avec son GPS embarqué dans sa voiture ou sur son téléphone mobile... Le client français a adopté les réseaux sociaux : près de 16 millions d’inscrits dont les trois quarts pour « rester en contact avec leurs amis ». Le réseau social virtuel qui entoure le client l’aide aussi à faire des choix dans sa consommation. Selon Harris interactive (pour Fleishman Hillard), "50% des français pensent qu’Internet les aide à prendre de meilleures décisions d’achat" et "85% des consommateurs consultent les avis des internautes avant d’acheter". Le téléphone est devenu « smart » pour 3,5 millions d’utilisateurs nouveaux en une année, et pas tous des professionnels ! Que vous partiez en voyage ou que vous vous rendiez au restaurant du coin, vous trouverez sur la route de votre choix des avis de consommateurs en qui vous avez confiance.
  • prendre sa place dans un monde digital et virtuel pour y accueillir son client. Proposer de nouvelles voies d'accès et de dialogue avec lui.
  • LE CLIENT SERA OCCUPE La moitié des adolescents regardent déjà la télé en surfant sur le net et 47% utilisent leur téléphone mobile en étant connectés (source Forrester). La multi-activité se développe
  • Le client est surbooké et ce que nous nommons une maladie pour nos enfants n’est que la caricature et le signe précurseur d’un futur proche de consommateur de média. Le client n’est pas absent ou distrait, il est très occupé. Les Français ont eu en moyenne 40,4 contacts par jour avec une activité média ou multimédia (hors ordinateur) en 2009, un chiffre toujours en augmentation. Un français sur deux se connecte chaque jour à Internet, et les médias sont de plus en plus consultés sur de nouveaux supports
  • LE CLIENT SERA FAN Les grandes marques vont sortir de la crise avec panache et le client n’attend que ça. Pourquoi ? Parce qu’il a désormais la possibilité de se manifester et de faire savoir qu’il aime une marque ou qu’il s’y intéresse sur les réseaux sociaux. 40% des inscrits à Facebook sont amis ou fans des marques et 25% « suivent » des marques sur Twitter selon Razorfish
  • LE CLIENT SERA BAVARD Si je me fie à ce compteur Twitter, au mois de mars prochain, nous passerons la barre des 10 milliards de tweets. Rien qu’en France, si on suit les 25 premiers utilisateurs de ce réseau social, on peut lire 360 000 posts de 140 caractères Pour 23% des Français de plus de 12 ans inscrits sur les réseaux sociaux , le quotidien est fait de conversations.
  • Un tweet sur 5 concernerait un échange d’expérience à propos d’une marque. C’est considérable. A la recherche de la relation authentique, de l’avis sincère, le client est prêt à contribuer et donner de son temps. Sur le très fiable site d’avis consommateurs Beauté Test par exemple, tous les jours, 400 nouveaux avis sont postés et 10 à 20 nouveaux produits sont référencés. On donne la parole au client, il en fait un usage à son profit !
  • les avis seront de plus en plus donnés en temps réel (18% des membres Facebook mettent à jour leur profil depuis un téléphone mobile)
  • favoriser l’expression du client en la rationnalisant. Et face à l’infopollution, investir dans le tri sélectif
  • LE CLIENT SERA AVENTUREUX Seuls 15 %, c’est-à dire un client sur sept se déclare «fidèle » aux marques et 21 % sont moins fidèle qu’avant, c’est ce qu’avait révélé l’étude faite en 2009 à l’occasion de la Saint Fidèle sur ce blog.
  • Laurent Habib de RSCG C&O déclarait à LSA le 29 octobre dernier : «les marques ne parviennent plus à justifier leur positionnement premium, ni a susciter la préférence et la fidélité». Sensible au prix, le client observe avec un scanner dans les yeux les propositions low cost et les propositions premium, délaissant un ventre mou sans odeur et sans saveur. Il privilégie la valeur d’usage et se montre critique envers les innovations sans bénéfice
  • proposer aux clients de vraies innovations, prendre des risques. C’est le moment de mettre en pratique le subtil précepte de Jacques Séguéla (qui a le sens de la formule) : « moins de tests, plus de testicules »
  • LE CLIENT SERA ENTENDU 20% des français ont déjà dénoncé en ligne des entreprises ayant mal agi à leurs yeux TNS Sofres LSA 11/09. Nous sommes entrés dans le nouvel âge de la relation client, l’époque où le client peut s’exprimer et être entendu par des milliers de personnes (cf mon billet à ce sujet). Le patron d’Amazon disait "Si vous rendez vos clients mécontents dans le monde réèl, ils sont susceptibles d'en parler chacun à 6 amis. Sur internet, vos clients mécontents peuvent en parler chacun à 6000 amis."
  • gérer sa réputation et repenser son organisation pour l’orienter vers un client omniprésent. Il ne s’agit plus de surveiller ou faire du buzz monitoring mais bien de pratiquer une écoute active et participer à un nouvel échange.
Christophe Deschamps

Enterprise Web 2.0: Building the Next-Generation Workplace - the Driving Force behind J... - 0 views

  • Building on the somewhat vague and yet particular usage of the term 'Web 2.0', 'Enterprise Web 2.0' describes a fresh, and some would say new, approach to the design and provision of business applications that incorporates aspects such as social networking, collaboration, and real-time communication. In addition, Enterprise Web 2.0 focuses a great deal of attention on the user's 'experience' or 'joy of use' -- something of a novelty in enterprise IT these days. By comparison, when Butler Group talks about 'Enterprise 2.0', we are focusing on the composition and architecture of the IT ecosystem, and the associated business models that will support Enterprise Web 2.0 applications.
  • Enterprise Web 2.0 is very much concerned with the user experience of corporate systems and applications, and on extracting business value from the social contributions and interactions of the organisation's various stakeholders.
  • The management of customer relationships continues to remain pivotal for most organisations, and so the social aspects of Web 2.0 are mirrored in the corporate world of Enterprise Web 2.0
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  • Workforce mobility and changing communication patterns are two more trends that are driving change at the infrastructure layer, and so unified communication and collaboration requirements form an important part of Enterprise 2.0 strategy.
  • Enterprise Web 2.0 might be about putting the user (i.e. employee, customer, or stakeholder) first, but in order to do so it also requires supporting technology. And so at the IT infrastructure level, Enterprise 2.0 means Internet Protocol (IP) everywhere -- voice, video, and data. Enterprise 2.0 also means, 'open' standards rather than proprietary or 'closed' systems. Furthermore, Enterprise 2.0 technology means user-driven technology and not IT-driven technology.
  • Having accepted the fact that 'processes' means 'people', then we have to look for ways in which these people (i.e. processes) can self-organise and reference one another. Then, where possible, we need to somehow incapsulate the processes into a set of business services. One day (we might call it Web 3.0), Artificial Intelligence (AI) will enable organisations to do with computers that which they do via human beings today, but until that day arrives, organisations must do more to aid interdepartment and inter-company collaboration. Workflow has not yet figured largely in the consumer-oriented world of Web 2.0, but Butler Group sees this as pivotal when considering Enterprise Web 2.0.
  • Today applications that embody processes are built by IT professionals, but tomorrow they will be built by a new breed of power user, using mashup builders, software agents, and other Web 2.0 technologies.
  • Business and IT managers must therefore prepare themselves for the new generation of power user who will be creating mashups and situational applications that have a far broader impact than the typical spreadsheet macro of yesteryear, and that if organisations are to avoid a proliferation of unmanageable, siloed, micro-applications, then they must blend the power of personal productivity with an appropriate management layer and a degree of central oversight.
  • Web 2.0 is no longer PC-centric.
  • It is clearly a mistake to think that Web 2.0 is all about technology, and likewise Enterprise Web 2.0, but it is also a mistake to dismiss the technology altogether. Therefore, selecting and implementing enterprise social software solutions, next-generation collaboration solutions, and Rich Internet Applications requires careful thought, consideration, and planning.
  • The driving force behind just about every aspect of Enterprise Web 2.0, is of course, the user -- something that has not always ranked highly on the list of priorities for corporate IT mangers -- and so the challenge for all forward-looking organisations is to refocus on this aspect of their IT strategies.
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    Nouvelle étude de Research & Markets. Pas mal d'infos dans cette synthèse. User-centric
Yan Thoinet

Le microblogging au service de la communication des entreprises (E-business e... - 0 views

  • Le microblogging au service de la communication des entreprises
  • phénomène de communications instantanée
  • Toutefois, la force principale de ces services ne réside pas uniquement dans cette très large accessibilité, mais bien dans leur capacité à construire autour d'eux, grâce à des interfaces de programmation ouvertes (API), un puissant écosystème qui renforce encore leur attractivité en les plaçant au centre des interactions des internautes.
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  • permet de tenir informés de son activité, les différents membres de son réseau grâce à une fonction d'envoi de messages courts de 140 caractères au maximum
  • nécessaire concision des messages qui favorise une communication plus spontanée
  • renouveler leur communication (présence dans les foires et salons, état et qualité de la production, traçabilité des articles et gestion des retours, etc.).
  • intgrer le microblogging comme outil de relation-client
Eric Salviac

Gartner Identifies New Approach for Enterprise Architecture - 0 views

  • Gartner has identified seven properties that differentiate emergent architecture from the traditional approach to EA: 1. Non-deterministic - In the past, enterprise architects applied centralised decision-making to design outcomes. Using emergent architecture, they instead must decentralise decision-making to enable innovation. 2. Autonomous actors - Enterprise architects can no longer control all aspects of architecture as they once did. They must now recognise the broader business ecosystem and devolve control to constituents. 3. Rule-bound actors - Where in the past enterprise architects provided detailed design specifications for all aspects of the EA, they must now define a minimal set of rules and enable choice. 4. Goal-oriented actors - Previously, the only goals that mattered were the corporate goals but this has now shifted to each constituent acting in their own best interests. 5. Local Influences: Actors are influenced by local interactions and limited information. Feedback within their sphere of communication alters the behaviour of individuals. No individual actor has data about all of an emergent system. EA must increasingly coordinate. 6. Dynamic or Adaptive Systems: The system (the individual actors as well as the environment) changes over time. EA must design emergent systems sense and respond to changes in their environment. 7. Resource-Constrained Environment: An environment of abundance does not enable emergence; rather, the scarcity of resources drives emergence.
  •  
    Enterprise architects must adopt a new style of enterprise architecture (EA) to respond to the growing variety and complexity in markets, economies, nations, networks and companies, according to Gartner, Inc. Analysts advised companies to adopt 'emergent architecture', also known as middle-out EA and light EA, and set out definitions of the new approach.
Christophe Deschamps

Open-Source Spying - 0 views

  • The spy agencies were saddled with technology that might have seemed cutting edge in 1995.
  • Theoretically, the intelligence world ought to revolve around information sharing. If F.B.I. agents discover that Al Qaeda fund-raising is going on in Brooklyn, C.I.A. agents in Europe ought to be able to know that instantly.
  • Analysts also did not worry about anything other than their corners of the world.
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  • When the Orange Revolution erupted in Ukraine in late 2004, Burton went to Technorati, a search engine that scours the “blogosphere,” to find the most authoritative blog postings on the subject. Within minutes, he had found sites with insightful commentary from American expatriates who were talking to locals in Kiev and on-the-fly debates among political analysts over what it meant. Because he and his fellow spies were stuck with outdated technology, they had no comparable way to cooperate — to find colleagues with common interests and brainstorm online.
  • Indeed, throughout the intelligence community, spies are beginning to wonder why their technology has fallen so far behind — and talk among themselves about how to catch up. Some of the country’s most senior intelligence thinkers have joined the discussion, and surprisingly, many of them believe the answer may lie in the interactive tools the world’s teenagers are using to pass around YouTube videos and bicker online about their favorite bands.
  • perhaps, they argue, it’ s time to try something radically different. Could blogs and wikis prevent the next 9/11?
  • during the cold war, threats formed slowly. The Soviet Union was a ponderous bureaucracy that moved at the glacial speed of the five-year plan. Analysts studied the emergence of new tanks and missiles, pieces of hardware that took years to develop.
  • Writing reports was thus a leisurely affair, taking weeks or months; thousands of copies were printed up and distributed via interoffice mail. If an analyst’s report impressed his superiors, they’d pass it on to their superiors, and they to theirs — until, if the analyst was very lucky, it landed eventually in the president’s inner circle.
  • The F.B.I. terminals were connected to one another — but not to the computers at any other agency, and vice versa.
  • If an analyst requested information from another agency, that request traveled through elaborate formal channels. The walls between the agencies were partly a matter of law.
  • Islamist terrorists, as 9/11 proved, behaved utterly unlike the Soviet Union. They were rapid-moving, transnational and cellular.
  • To disrupt these new plots, some intelligence officials concluded, American agents and analysts would need to cooperate just as fluidly — trading tips quickly among agents and agencies. Following the usual chain of command could be fatal. “To fight a network like Al Qaeda, you need to behave like a network,” John Arquilla,
  • This control over the flow of information, as the 9/11 Commission noted in its final report, was a crucial reason American intelligence agencies failed to prevent those attacks. All the clues were there — Al Qaeda associates studying aviation in Arizona, the flight student Zacarias Moussaoui arrested in Minnesota, surveillance of a Qaeda plotting session in Malaysia — but none of the agents knew about the existence of the other evidence. The report concluded that the agencies failed to “connect the dots.”
  • Spies, Andrus theorized, could take advantage of these rapid, self-organizing effects. If analysts and agents were encouraged to post personal blogs and wikis on Intelink — linking to their favorite analyst reports or the news bulletins they considered important — then mob intelligence would take over.
  • Pieces of intel would receive attention merely because other analysts found them interesting. This grass-roots process, Andrus argued, suited the modern intelligence challenge of sifting through thousands of disparate clues: if a fact or observation struck a chord with enough analysts, it would snowball into popularity, no matter what their supervisors thought.
  • What most impressed Andrus was Wikipedia’s self-governing nature. No central editor decreed what subjects would be covered. Individuals simply wrote pages on subjects that interested them — and then like-minded readers would add new facts or fix errors.
  • He pointed out that the best Internet search engines, including Google, all use “link analysis” to measure the authority of documents.
  • Each agency had databases to amass intelligence, but because of the air gap, other agencies could not easily search them. The divisions were partly because of turf battles and partly because of legal restrictions — but they were also technological.
  • This, Burton pointed out, is precisely the problem with Intelink. It has no links, no social information to help sort out which intel is significant and which isn’t. When an analyst’s report is posted online, it does not include links to other reports, even ones it cites.
  • “Analytical puzzles, like terror plots, are often too piecemeal for individual brains to put together. Having our documents aware of each other would be like hooking several brains up in a line, so that each one knows what the others know, making the puzzle much easier to solve.”
  • With Andrus and Burton’s vision in mind, you can almost imagine how 9/11 might have played out differently. In Phoenix, the F.B.I. agent Kenneth Williams might have blogged his memo noting that Al Qaeda members were engaging in flight-training activity. The agents observing a Qaeda planning conference in Malaysia could have mentioned the attendance of a Saudi named Khalid al-Midhar; another agent might have added that he held a multi-entry American visa. The F.B.I. agents who snared Zacarias Moussaoui in Minnesota might have written about their arrest of a flight student with violent tendencies. Other agents and analysts who were regular readers of these blogs would have found the material interesting, linked to it, pointed out connections or perhaps entered snippets of it into a wiki page discussing this new trend of young men from the Middle East enrolling in pilot training.
    • Christophe Deschamps
       
      Peut-être un peu idyllique?
  • “The 16 intelligence organizations of the U.S. are without peer. They are the best in the world. The trick is, are they collectively the best?”
  • in a system like this, as Andrus’s theory goes, the dots are inexorably drawn together. “Once the intelligence community has a robust and mature wiki and blog knowledge-sharing Web space,”
  • From now on, Meyerrose said, each agency would have to build new systems using cheaper, off-the-shelf software so they all would be compatible. But bureaucratic obstacles were just a part of the problem Meyerrose faced. He was also up against something deeper in the DNA of the intelligence services. “We’ve had this ‘need to know’ culture for years,” Meyerrose said. “Well, we need to move to a ‘need to share’ philosophy.”
  • In the fall of 2005, they joined forces with C.I.A. wiki experts to build a prototype of something called Intellipedia, a wiki that any intelligence employee with classified clearance could read and contribute to.
  • By the late summer, Fingar decided the Intellipedia experiment was sufficiently successful that he would embark on an even more high-profile project: using Intellipedia to produce a “national intelligence estimate” for Nigeria. An N.I.E. is an authoritative snapshot of what the intelligence community thinks about a particular state — and a guide for foreign and military policy.
  • But it will also, Fingar hopes, attract contributions from other intelligence employees who have expertise Fingar isn’t yet aware of — an analyst who served in the Peace Corps in Nigeria, or a staff member who has recently traveled there.
  • In the traditional method of producing an intelligence estimate, Fingar said, he would call every agency and ask to borrow their Africa expert for a week or two of meetings. “And they’d say: ‘Well, I only got one guy who can spell Nigeria, and he’s traveling. So you lose.’ ” In contrast, a wiki will “change the rules of who can play,” Fingar said, since far-flung analysts and agents around the world could contribute, day or night.
  • Intelink allows any agency to publish a Web page, or put a document or a database online, secure in the knowledge that while other agents and analysts can access it, the outside world cannot.
  • Rasmussen notes that though there is often strong disagreement and debate on Intellipedia, it has not yet succumbed to the sort of vandalism that often plagues Wikipedia pages, including the posting of outright lies. This is partly because, unlike with Wikipedia, Intellipedia contributors are not anonymous. Whatever an analyst writes on Intellipedia can be traced to him. “If you demonstrate you’ve got something to contribute, hey, the expectation is you’re a valued member,” Fingar said. “You demonstrate you’re an idiot, that becomes known, too.”
  • So why hasn’t Intelink given young analysts instant access to all secrets from every agency? Because each agency’s databases, and the messages flowing through their internal pipelines, are not automatically put onto Intelink. Agency supervisors must actively decide what data they will publish on the network — and their levels of openness vary.
  • It would focus on spotting and predicting possible avian-flu outbreaks and function as part of a larger portal on the subject to collect information from hundreds of sources around the world, inside and outside of the intelligence agencies.
  • Operational information — like details of a current covert action — is rarely posted, usually because supervisors fear that a leak could jeopardize a delicate mission.
  • “See, these people would never have been talking before, and we certainly wouldn’t have heard about it if they did,” the assistant said. By September, the site had become so loaded with information and discussion that Rear Adm. Arthur Lawrence, a top official in the health department, told Meyerrose it had become the government’s most crucial resource on avian flu.
  • Intelink has grown to the point that it contains thousands of agency sites and several hundred databases. Analysts at the various agencies generate 50,000 official reports a year, many of which are posted to the network. The volume of material online is such that analysts now face a new problem: data overload. Even if they suspect good information might exist on Intelink, it is often impossible to find it. The system is poorly indexed, and its internal search tools perform like the pre-Google search engines of the ’90s.“
  • But Meyerrose insists that the future of spying will be revolutionized as much by these small-bore projects as by billion-dollar high-tech systems. Indeed, he says that overly ambitious projects often result in expensive disasters, the way the F.B.I.’s $170 million attempt to overhaul its case-handling software died in 2005 after the software became so complex that the F.B.I. despaired of ever fixing the bugs and shelved it. In contrast, the blog software took only a day or two to get running. “We need to think big, start small and scale fast,” Meyerrose said.
  • But the agency’s officials trained only small groups of perhaps five analysts a month. After they finished their training, those analysts would go online, excited, and start their blogs. But they’d quickly realize no one else was reading their posts aside from the four other people they’d gone through the training with. They’d get bored and quit blogging, just as the next trainees came online.
  • This presents a secrecy paradox. The Unclassified Intellipedia will have the biggest readership and thus will grow the most rapidly; but if it’s devoid of truly sensitive secrets, will it be of any use?
  • Many in the intelligence agencies suspect not. Indeed, they often refuse to input sensitive intel into their own private, secure databases; they do not trust even their own colleagues, inside their own agencies, to keep their secrets safe.
  • These are legitimate concerns. After the F.B.I. agent Robert Hanssen was arrested for selling the identities of undercover agents to Russia, it turned out he had found their names by trawling through records on the case-support system.
  • “When you have a source, you go to extraordinary lengths to protect their identities,” I. C. Smith, a 25-year veteran of the bureau, told me. “So agents never trusted the system, and rightly so.”
  • What the agencies needed was a way to take the thousands of disparate, unorganized pieces of intel they generate every day and somehow divine which are the most important.
  • A spy blogosphere, even carefully secured against intruders, might be fundamentally incompatible with the goal of keeping secrets. And the converse is also true: blogs and wikis are unlikely to thrive in an environment where people are guarded about sharing information. Social software doesn’t work if people aren’t social.
  • the C.I.A. set up a competition, later taken over by the D.N.I., called the Galileo Awards: any employee at any intelligence agency could submit an essay describing a new idea to improve information sharing, and the best ones would win a prize.
  • The first essay selected was by Calvin Andrus, chief technology officer of the Center for Mission Innovation at the C.I.A. In his essay, “The Wiki and the Blog: Toward a Complex Adaptive Intelligence Community,”
  • For the intelligence agencies to benefit from “social software,” he said, they need to persuade thousands of employees to begin blogging and creating wikis all at once. And that requires a cultural sea change: persuading analysts, who for years have survived by holding their cards tightly to their chests, to begin openly showing their hands online.
    • Christophe Deschamps
       
      Un point essentiel. Il faut commencer petit technologiquement et grand humainement!
  • Indeed, Meyerrose’s office is building three completely separate versions of Intellipedia for each of the three levels of secrecy: Top Secret, Secret and Unclassified. Each will be placed on a data network configured so that only people with the correct level of clearance can see them — and these networks are tightly controlled, so sensitive information typed into the Top Secret Intellipedia cannot accidentally leak into the Unclassified one.
  • The chat room was unencrypted and unsecured, so anyone could drop in and read the postings or mouth off. That way, Meyerrose figured, he’d be more likely to get drop-ins by engineers from small, scrappy start-up software firms who might have brilliant ideas but no other way to get an audience with intelligence chiefs. The chat room provoked howls of outrage. “People were like, ‘Hold it, can’t the Chinese and North Koreans listen in?’ ” Meyerrose told me. “And, sure, they could. But we weren’t going to be discussing state secrets. And the benefits of openness outweigh the risks.”
  • Fingar says that more value can be generated by analysts sharing bits of “open source” information — the nonclassified material in the broad world, like foreign newspapers, newsletters and blogs. It used to be that on-the-ground spies were the only ones who knew what was going on in a foreign country. But now the average citizen sitting in her living room can peer into the debates, news and lives of people in Iran. “If you want to know what the terrorists’ long-term plans are, the best thing is to read their propaganda — the stuff out there on the Internet,”
  • Beat cops in Indiana might be as likely to uncover evidence of a terror plot as undercover C.I.A. agents in Pakistan. Fiery sermons printed on pamphlets in the U.K. might be the most valuable tool in figuring out who’s raising money for a possible future London bombing. The most valuable spy system is one that can quickly assemble disparate pieces that are already lying around — information gathered by doctors, aid workers, police officers or security guards at corporations.
  • The premise of spy-blogging is that a million connected amateurs will always be smarter than a few experts collected in an elite star chamber; that Wikipedia will always move more quickly than the Encyclopaedia Britannica; that the country’s thousand-odd political bloggers will always spot news trends more quickly than slow-moving journalists in the mainstream media.
  • In three meetings a day, the officials assess all the intel that has risen to their attention — and they jointly decide what the nation’s most serious threats are.
  • The grass roots, they’ve found, are good at collecting threats but not necessarily at analyzing them. If a lot of low-level analysts are pointing to the same inaccurate posting, that doesn’t make it any less wrong.
  • Without the knowledge that comes from long experience, he added, a fledgling analyst or spy cannot know what is important or not. The counterterrorism center, he said, should decide which threats warrant attention.
  • Many of the officials at the very top, like Fingar, Meyerrose and their colleagues at the office of the director of national intelligence, are intrigued by the potential of a freewheeling, smart-mobbing intelligence community. The newest, youngest analysts are in favor of it, too. The resistance comes from the “iron majors” — career officers who occupy the enormous middle bureaucracy of the spy agencies. They might find the idea of an empowered grass roots to be foolhardy; they might also worry that it threatens their turf.
  • The normal case for social software is failure,” Shirky said. And because Intellipedia is now a high-profile experiment with many skeptics, its failure could permanently doom these sorts of collaborative spy endeavors.
  • It might be difficult to measure contributions to a wiki; if a brilliant piece of analysis emerges from the mob, who gets credit for it?
  • “A C.I.A. officer’s career is advanced by producing reports,”
  • Though D.N.I. officials say they have direct procurement authority over technology for all the agencies, there’s no evidence yet that Meyerrose will be able to make a serious impact on the eight spy agencies in the Department of Defense, which has its own annual $38 billion intelligence budget — the lion’s share of all the money the government spends on spying.
  • if the spies do not join the rest of the world, they risk growing to resemble the rigid, unchanging bureaucracy that they once confronted during the cold war.
  •  
    Article du NY Times qui décrit en détail le projet Intellipedia, avantages, inconvénients,.... Très intéressant pour l'étude de cas de déploiement d'un projet 2.0. les risques et écueils ne sont pas oubliés. D'autant plus utile que c'est sans doute l'un des plus anciens projets de grande envergure de ce type actuellement. 10 pages.
Christophe Deschamps

12 Rules For Bringing 'Social' To Your Business - 0 views

  • But for most of us to really get strategic value from social business, we'll need to understand the ground rules. In other words, let's ask and answer the tough questions in making this transition: Are social business activities generally better than non-social business activities? How does having a social business help the bottom line and the long-term health of an organization? What, in the end, does "taking a business social" really mean?
  • the network (the Web or enterprise or both) is about who is on it and how involved they are.
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  • the transition to social business is about involving and engaging people far more than it is about picking a technology or building the infrastructure.
  • There is no simpler or more effective way to build the connections and your social business fabric than creating conversation.
  • But sitting back and waiting for the world to involve your business in what they do is just no longer an option. Too often, they will just go off to the communities that have already engaged them and that will be that. "Experience share" is your new measure of success, meaning the amount of time that the world interacts with you socially.
  • As I said then, "communities exist to serve the needs of their members" and themselves second if they intend to have a successful long-term relationship, as in most human relationships.
  • Social business doesn't mean we throw open the doors to everything automatically as a public process either. But we are usually so far in the other direction that a step towards this is just the right medicine right now.
  • Social analytics, however, are already here and this story is about individuals anyway. If workers aren't measured by how effective they are at creating value on the network, they will just focus on what they are measured on to get their recognition, raises, and promotions. This is a complex subject that will often have very different ground rules for different organizations.
  • Do not use social channels for traditional push communication. Classic examples: Don't use online communities for distributing press releases, product literature, PR, or spokesperson canned messages.
  • Censorship kills participation. Nothing will stop a social business in its tracks faster than inappropriate censorship.
  • But nothing will remove you from the world of social businesses faster or more effectively. Honest, open conversation is always the better choice and is truly valuable in its own right. Respond to criticism constructively and quickly.
  • If you are working closely with customers, partners, employees using social tools (as well as people are potentially want to be in one of those three groups) the more you do it, the more it will seem as if there is one cohesive community.
  • Where one gets a paycheck and what organization's name is on a business card is less important than the fact that everyone is getting more value than if they were doing things in a non-social way.
  • Everyone involved in a social relationship must get something out of it or there's no reason for it.
  • Being social for it's own sake may generate downstream value accidentally but social businesses will often have a long list of intentional reasons they are being social.
  • There are almost certainly a lot more rules for social businesses, but we're still learning them.
  •  
    Un "classique" Dion Hinchcliffe
Ray Dacteur

What is a social intranet? The definitive explanation. - Intranet Blog - ThoughtFarmer - 2 views

  • First, what is an intranet? Definition: An internal website that helps employees get stuff done.
  • Social is really just about people interacting with each other
  • The definitive explanation of a “social intranet”: An intranet where all employees can author content and connect easily
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