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This essay focuses on how video games both highlight our traditional assumptions about reading and writing and suggest alternative paradigms that combine the new and the traditional:Play. Video games reveal how pleasure and desire are inherent to the reading and writing process. This dimension of gaming helps explain why video games can produce resistance in terms of approaches to writing instruction grounded in maintaining the cultural distinction between play and work.Authority. The interactivity of video games complicates questions of who authors and authorizes meaning in a discourse community. Video game players are simultaneously readers and writers whose gaming decisions are inscribed within a certain horizon of possibilities but not predictability. The video game is an inherently dialogic discursive space that problematizes the institutionalized distinction between "reading" and "writing"Return to the visual. The case of video games not only helps restore the understanding of writing as a visual form of communication but also challenges the apparent static quality of the printed text, emphasizing the temporal quality of all communication. In so doing, the study of video games promises to fundamentally rewrite the conceptual binary of process and product in composition pedagogy.

Kozup and Hogarth discuss the necessity of consumer warning labels on financial matters such as credit cards, mortgage, and mutual funds. They successfully make the analogy of indebtedness to obesity, and our financial state, like our health, can be helped by reading the labels on what they are consuming. The authors describe financial literacy partially as an ability to weigh the pros and cons of financial options available to them, as well as familiarity with the macroeconomic conditions of their environment. The authors also talk about third party financial intermediaries, and the role of policy in consumer saving. The authors offer a great variety of solutions to the problem of financial literacy, and the analogies make it very easy for the reader to understand and learn about the responsibility of financial literacy. Also, the rhetorical questioning involves the reader and implores them to form their own opinion.

The author reflects on the use of acronyms, jargon, and terminology in electronic engineering. According to the author, terminology is a very significant issue since a common language is vital for the proper exchange of information, particularly when a new technology is developed. The author believes that many of the terms for the various devices were developed given the fact that the technology involved is old and established. (Description provided by EBSCO.)

The author describes the necessary means needed to take place in order to get college academic programs up to par and back on track with ideal standards. He argues a convincing argument on how to attain an athletic program geared toward having sufficient academic outcomes. According to the author, the answer to achieve such a goal "lies within the organizational placement of athletics within the academic administrative structure" (12). Nonetheless, both student advisors and student athletes themselves play an important role in the outcome of their academic achievement. With adequate research, the author provides information that is valuable for this study at hand.

The author reports on the study "To Read or Not to Read," which was released by the United States National Endowment for the Arts. The study found that Americans read less in 2007 compared with previous years. The study found that reading abilities for teenagers and adults have declined, whereas reading abilities for younger children have increased. The impact which the decline in reading abilities has had on American workers is discussed. The author states that the amount of time which people read on a daily basis has declined. (Abstract from EBSCO.)

The author discusses the importance of instituting NCAA academic reforms and maintaining the balance between academics and athletics. It offers an overview of the new NCAA academic standards and its solution to bridging the gap between athletics and academics. The author also points out the significant role coaches and academic/athletic advisors play in a student's athletic and academic career. She provides adequate information needed to develop better academic standards in hope of gaining successful academic support programs for student athletes.

The author analyzes the academic values present in college athletics. She offers solutions to the imbalance of athletics and academic present in intercollegiate sports. According to the author her solutions would ensure that intercollegiate sports support academic missions of universities. She provides research relevant for this research; however it's brief and limited to broad information.

In this article, the author analyzes academic success through the eyes of athletes, which is rarely discussed or reviewed. He notes that controversy, surrounding suspect graduation rates, poor test score requirements, tutor scandals, and more, have been a problem for several years. Focusing on certain details related to academic struggles for student athletes, the author provides information that helps relate academics and athletics from a different perspective.

The authors discuss the serious consequences of low health literacy for individual health and the added demands it places on the health care system. Problems resulting from low literacy cause increased health complications and increased hospitalization for patients. Because of the inability for patients to understand medical instructions and directives by health professionals, many patients experience more health problems which lead to additional health care expenditures, translating to billions of dollars for the nation. The authors make important points, but much research is based on studies from a single public hospital. However, the facts presented provide valid information.

In this article Soto describes thirteen bilingual children and their own awareness of bilingualism in their lives by sharing conversation with the others. The study is based on 6 girls and 7 boys from Pennsylvania that speak English and Spanish. Soto goes on to speak about how their town's award winning bilingual system was taken away, and the children were very upset when they went to school and could not understand what was going on. The author makes great points and has many sources that lead to many facts in the article. It is a good study within the article that could teach one about the studies that happen within bilingualism.

Oladejo writes this article speaking about foreign language education in Taiwan. It describes that the government is very appalling when it comes to getting input from the public that's concerns determining the language education in Taiwan. The process they use many a times has had complaints, and the public hopes for it to be better. There are many charts that Oladejo adds to his article with results of questionaires sent out to parents. Questionaires conclude many answers that parents have regarding when English should start being taught. The author also uses many other charts to show details in his work, and his article is very well put together.

Lucas describes in this detailed article that in early childhood there is noun bias. The article speaks of a study that entails 60 Filipino-English bilingual children. The children were different in how they stressed their nouns and verbs in simple sentences or phrases. Remarkably, the results show that only noun bias is shown in bilingual children's English vocabulary. The author goes very in depth with her study, and does not seem to leave anything out that is need.

Li explains through this article the importance of parents helping their children when they are part of a language minority. Studies have shown that if children are trying to learn a second language, it is much easier to do so when their parents are using that language as well. This study was done by the author, Xiaoxia Li, on her daughter, Amy who had come to Li from Mainland China when she was twelve knowing little Enlglish. The article describes the study and the details of how Amy started learning English. Li does a very good job in this article by making everything very understandable and it makes a very good resource for parents that are trying to use two languages in the household.

In this article, Pickard and Reichelt discuss the alternative to Financial Literacy classes in high school, online courses for students and adults on personal finance. This study offers that online courses are very useful tool in gaining financial literacy. The article discusses the state of our financial literacy in the context of family finances. Pickard and Reichelt also give valuable statistics on financial literacy in regard to important demographics such as race and income level. The authors connect the issues with personal finance with the macroeconomic issues, which is very helpful for the reader.

The purpose of this paper is to describe content and methods of an academic course offered twice annually at an NCAA Division I University. With empirical support to the effectiveness of this academic approach to psychological skills training presented elsewhere (Curry & Maniar, 2003), the focus of this paper is on the type and extent of each intervention treatment during the 15-week semester course (Vealey, 1994). Course content includes applied strategies for best performance targeting, arousal/affect control, identifying purpose, goal setting, imagery, sport confidence, trust, flow, sport nutrition, on-/off-field problem solving, self-esteem, and life skills education on eating disorders and drug/alcohol abuse. Teaching methods include narrative story telling, small group activities, journal writing, cognitive-behavioral homework, brainteasers, and active learning demonstrations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

First Amendment attorney and author Marjorie Heins argues that obscenity laws do children more harm than good.

This article is based on the curriculum that is in the schools today with reference to the Bible, as well as the issues such as "The Freedom of Church and State." Throughout the article he describes the curriculum as lower than standard. Another issue that the author explained in this document was that all the references to the Bible were of protestant origin.

The author states that children instinctively understand music. She believes since both music and reading are im portant that they should be used in combination to teach literacy. Using evidence from the Mozart effect studies, she stress the importance of music in education

The author believes that music not only helps children learn to read but also to love it. Her process includes teaching the children a tune, then lyrics and finally giving them the written lyrics to read. She states that children have a disposition to rhyme and melody which makes singing and music the perfect tool.

The author states that music and reading are essentially learned the same way. He provides evidence by breaking down the learning process and comparing the music and reading skills. Though music can be beneficial to reading, Chappell warns that music still needs to be it's own course.