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Stanford Health Library - Stanford Medicine - Genetics and Birth Defects -- Hydrocephaly - Microcephaly and more

PubMed abstract: Neonatal depression and birth asphyxia in the low birthweight neonate. In 392 low birthweight neonates, acidosis as evident from umbilical artery pH 7.1 or less was strongly associated with Apgar score 6 or lower at 1 minute. However, most cases that were depressed (Apgar score 6 or lower at 1 minute) were not acidotic. Neonatal depression was most strongly and directly correlated with gestational age. Neonatal depression and birth asphyxia are distinct entiti

British Medical Journal Papers - Neonatal risk factors for cerebral palsy in very preterm babies: case-control study

WebMD - Understanding Labor and Delivery Complications - Symptoms

Infant Jaundice at Mayo Clinic - Definition - Symptoms - Treatment - Information

Placenta Abruption - Topic Overview at WebMD - What is Placenta Abruption

WebMd - Cerebral Palsy - What Increases Your Risk

2010 Study - Increased morbidity in severe early intrauterine growth restriction.CONCLUSIONS: Infants born prematurely who are also severely IUGR have higher neonatal morbidity and mortality when compared to infants of similar gestational age. The surviving IUGR infants had less intraventricular hemorrhage and periventricular leukomalacia than less mature infants of comparable birth weight, but a similar incidence of ROP and length of stay. They had a higher incidence of NEC, direct hyperbilirubinemia and chronic lung disease, probably due to end-organ damage in utero from chronic placental insufficiency. These findings highlight the unique pattern of mortality and morbidity seen in infants with severe early IUGR.

Information on completed study assessing Regulation of Cerebral Blood flow in Very Low Birth Weight infants

Future planned study being conducted by the University of California to determine the safety and pharmacokinetics of moderate to high doses of erythropoietin in newborn infants with birth asphyxia.

Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Study to evaluate the safety of high-dose Erythropoietin (Epo) in infants who did not get enough oxygen during birth. Erythropoietin is a hormone normally found in the body that may protect brain cells from damage due to lack of oxygen.

NICHD, NIH, Sponored and American Academy of Pediatrics, and American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists co-sponsored study and Report of the Workship on Acute Perinatal Asphyxia in Term Infants.

Neuropathology online - Course material - Asphyxia and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in mature infants

PubMed absact of a retrospective review of cases, the causes of cerebral palsy in 142 children living in the northwestern United States and born after Jan 1, 1970, were prenatal in 50% of the cases, similar to findings recently reported from Sweden

NCBI NIH PubMed.gov Abstract of Finland study investigating reproductive maternal risk factors of intrapartum fetal asphyxia. The study concluded that the incidence of intrapartum fetal asphyxia was 2.5%. Placental abruption, primiparity, alcohol use during pregnancy, low birth weight, preeclampsia, male fetuses, and small-for-gestational age births were independent risk factors of intrapartum asphyxia, with adjusted relative risks of 3.74, 3.10, 1.75, 1.57, 1.49, 1.48 and 1.33, respectively. Most cases of intrapartum fetal asphyxia occur in low-risk pregnancies and, therefore, risk screening in antenatal care cannot accurately predict which women will eventually need emergency care for fetal asphyxia.

Study to determine if the drug 17-hydroxyprogesterone caproate can help reduce the risk of preterm delivery in women with certain risk factors for preterm birth. We hope to learn whether this same medication can be used to prolong pregnancy in a group of patients in whom this medication has not been previously studied. Specifically, we hope to learn whether progesterone supplementation will delay delivery in women with pre-term, premature rupture of membranes (PPROM).

PubMed.gov 2001 Review Abstract: The outcome of extreme prematurity

PubMed.gov Abstract - 2008 Case Western Reserve University- Dept of Pediatrics study on trends in the rates of cerebral palsy associated with neonatal intensive care of preterm children, neonatal morbidity and rates of cerebral palsy associated low birth weight and low gestation infants.

Placental Abruption at Mayo Clinic - Definition - Symptoms- Information

Preventable Infant Brain Damage on the Rise - The threat of kernicterus is returning - 2003 article