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This essay is an overview of the theoretical, methodological, pedagogical, ideological, and power-related issues of world Englishes: varieties of English used in diverse sociolinguistic contexts. The scholars in this field have critically examined theoretical and methodological frameworks of language use based on western, essentially monolingual and monocultural, frameworks of linguistic science and replaced them with frameworks that are faithful to multilingualism and language variation. This conceptual shift affords a "pluricentric" view of English, which represents diverse sociolinguistic histories, multicultural identities, multiple norms of use and acquisition, and distinct contexts of function. The implications of this shift for learning and teaching world Englishes are critically reviewed in the final sections of this essay.

This article addresses how the media pays more attention to an election when there is more diversity in the race, gender being one of them. If a female is running against a male more attention is likely to be displayed about the election. This specific article addresses women running for Mayor and the different media coverage they receive. It also talks about women running for senate and how they often have negative press coverage. Coverage of women politicians is different than those of men. Geographically, women are not covered (media) the same in every state and this also effects if a women has a chance at winning. This article will help me greatly in my paper because it research specific elections and shows results from many different polls. Since it addresses different races, such as Senator and Mayors and their races, I can use this information for an example to show people how women are not covered the same in media coverage during a political election. I can also use this article to show how when a women is running against a man, there is different emphasis on certain issues.

Literacy is a continuous, multidimensional indicator of proficiency in using written language. This essay reviews several recent books on literacy, and suggests some profound theoretical issues about consumer behavior inspired by a sociocultural perspective on literacy. In particular, ties between literacy and six diverse research programs on consumer behavior are highlighted: responses to persuasion; affect and decision making; the meanings of products and brands; social marketing of health behaviors; consumption, identity, and resistance; and the impact of the internet on consumer behavior. In addition, questions both interesting and troubling about the impact of consumption on literacy are raised in the hope of encouraging future research. (Abstract taken from JSTOR.)

Despite the refutation of intelligent design as legitimate science by the American Association for the Advancement of Sciences and the National Academy of Sciences, eighteen states have suggested the introduction of antievolution legislation (as of 2005). In the wake of this movement, librarians, the ultimate guardians of knowledge, may face challenges of censorship by religious conservatives. Suppressing access to information is in direct conflict with democratic ideals. This article contains specific advice for librarians regarding the protection of diverse resources. Although the O'Sullivans write to a specific audience, their message is indicative of the relationship between censorship and literacy.

This article talks about the new electronic Kindle and how Oprah "boosts" it on her show. She talked about how much she loved the gadget and had a representative from Amazon come and talk about it. This article will be useful to me because it shows her diverse ways in which she promotes reading. She has been very succesful with her book club and encouraging people to read the books she has found and now she promotes the Kindle as well. Oprah will prove to be powerful in this area pertaining to reading as well. She is all about encouraging America to love reading.

The general website for the Bilingual Research Journal, a journal of the National Association for Bilingual Education and the Southwest Center for Education Equity and Language Diversity, this site contains full-text articles focusing on bilingual education, available in PDF format.

This article brings up the cultural dynamic that Oprah has created. She has a huge following of every race and has brought many cultures together through reading. She has a large black and also white fan base in women. She has brought all of these people together with the love for reading good books. She is talked about again in this article as being a phenomenon. This is a good point that will be good for my paper because it is a different view. Not only does she send sales of books through the roof, she also brings groups of all different people together on one common ground.

A film on OhioLINK. "The world is a mosaic of visions, and each vision is encapsulated by a language." Yet every two weeks, one of the world's approximately 6,500 languages dies out. What is the significance of this loss to those who speak the language as well as for the rest of humankind? Why do some languages become global while others disappear? And how are language and identity connected? In this program, linguists David Crystal, Peter Austin, and Jørgen Rischel search for the answers to those and other pressing questions as they investigate the state-and fate-of Livonian, in Latvia; Dogon, in Mali; Mlabri, in Thailand; Changsha Hua and Naqxi, in China; Pitjantjatjara and Pintupi, in Australia; and Tutunaku, in Mexico. Portions are in other languages with English subtitles. (60 minutes)