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Murnane focuses on the children living in poverty and the low performance of the students. His goal is to make the No Child Left Behind Act more realistic. The goal should be to concentrate on the children's growth as a student, not to reach an obtainable test score. The government needs to improve conditions of schools of children living in poverty. The author suggests that the poverty stricken schools need to strengthen their staff in order to change anything. The main goal of children living in poverty is to get them to graduate from high school. The rate of kids graduating from high school in low income schools is down a great deal of percent than suburban schools. Murnane gives his opinion of setting obtainable goals not only for middle class students, but students that come from a poverty stricken area.

the author in this article descirbes how the transition from middle school to high school can cause a lot of stress on a student, which can allow them to not work to their full potential. So many urban schools are now considered failing schools, which means there is unequal learning going on. With the transition there are a change in expectations, social changes and it is a big adjustment. The author mentions a very important part where the achievement gap is widening and oppurtunities are becoming non existent.

The authors Cartledge and Lo explain the discipline problems teacher's deal with in Urban Schools. Many factors influence children in urban school districts to act up in the classroom. They conducted a research program where they selected school H, which consisted of low-income students that were not reaching academic standards. The program recorded the number of disciplinary actions teachers took towards the students. The results showed that more than 50% of students received discipline in one year of teaching, which takes away from their education time. The authors make some significant points, but more can be determined from this study. By looking at the study, people can infer that because of the high disciplinary problems in urban schools that it affects their academics. This can be because of their lives at home and what students go through with their families.

The article suggests planning financial literacy programs for students. Furthermore, the author shares with the reader that that there are laws in Oklahoma, Colorado, and other states requiring high school students to show financial literacy in order to graduate. In addition the article shares that Capital One has created branch banks operated by students at several schools as well as the National Endowment for financial education has created a personal finance curriculum that can be integrated into regular school curriculum. Research suggests that personal finance courses have not improved student financial literacy. Lewis Mandell suggest that students should be taught about finance and savings at an earlier age than high school.

Beverly shares the importance of improving and focusing on the expansion of financial education practices in regards to our countries youth. Students may underestimate the need for financial education. The recommendation for social workers is to encourage the incorporation of financial education in the elementary and middle school curriculums as well as high school. Beverly believes that to ensure universal access, financial education should be a mandate for high schools. The integration of financial education into school curriculums has been recommended by the U.S. Office of Financial Education.

This article takes into account 1123 high school students and access their use and abuse of alcohol and marijuana. They take into account the accessibility of drugs among students. Race does play a role showing higher accessibility and use among Hispanic students compared to white students. Many drugs are used and obtained on campus' and many students are unaware of this issue. This article gives me more insight on alcohol and drug use. This helps me obtain more broad information of policies and usage of drugs among high school and college students. This article with present information of the attitudes and frequency of drug and alcohol use among students. With this information I have much better insight on the ways and uses of college students during school.

Although most states include evolution as a essential part of a well-rounded education, legislative action is continually perverting science standards to a point where we must ask the question, "Do state science standards matter?" Between 2005 and 2006, 23 states have modified science curricula, which further obscures the issue. Bandoli surveyed close to 2,500 freshman college students from both Indiana and Ohio regarding their experiences in high school biology. Among the incredible statistical information assembled here, Bandoli found that over 90% of students regarded evolution as a strong scientific theory. Considering the fact that 66% of high school biology teachers either breeze over or snub the teaching of evolution, these results appear to suggest that students may actually be more open-minded and competent than their high school teachers. Not only does this raise the issue of teacher quality and objectivity, it also questions the relevance and validity of the antievolution movement.

Examining a specific legal decision in Pennsylvania regarding high school curriculum, the author examines yet another facet of the evolution debate-the students' voice. All too often, the rights of children are overlooked in the development of or debate over educational curriculum. Grover cites the Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989) as recognizing children as competent and independent thinkers whose input is not only relevant, but also valuable. The focus of the paper is on children's rights and how they were neglected in Kitzmiller et al. v. Dover Area School District et al, although attention is paid to church state separation and science education. This source is particularly useful for examining the role of the child in the education arena-just because they are on the receiving end of the education continuum does not mean they do not have a role in the discourse. Their voices are perhaps the most important of all.

The author examines differences between data they have collected of 13 urban schools. They collected this data by using test scores, surverys, and case studies, in which other people cmae into schools and watched them. They found very inconsistent information because of the small sample size they had. The only assessed low and high scoring students, which may have caused problems. The teachers use assesment in the classroom to see what students needs are and to have them achieve the goals.

The authors Tierney and Colyar discuss the treatment that the lower class recieves. The lower class experience a lot more in their lives than most other people should. The face amy difficulities in succedding in many different aspects. The things that they face make it very ifficult for the students to go to schools and effects their future. A study was done to kids that are low poverty. These students experienced many more difficulites in their lives, which makes everything more difficult

This article focuses on the implementation of early financial programs for young children. Financial literacy is a skill which all individuals will need throughout their life. Studies have found that individuals who received financial education in high school reported an increase up to 1.5% in their assets when compared to individuals who did not receive any education. While adding these course is certainly beneficial there are still a number of challenges. There is a cost to create such programs and some school districts are already facing budget problems.

This article is an overview of a financial literacy survey done by the company Jump$tart. The survey involved questioning high school and college students across the country. The results show that although college students literacy is a little higher, in general this target age group has low financial literacy.

A partnership between the software giant and the Philadelphia School District is an innovative solution to an urban crisis. But can public education survive private management?

In 2007, the Oklahoma Legistalure passed a law called "The Passport to Financial Literacy Act" that requires students, beginning in the 7th grade, to demonstarate "financial proficiency in 14 areas" to acheive a high school diploma. Other schools with the help of the National Endowment Fund for Financial Education have incorporated programs to increase the levels of financial literacy among students. Critics of this program state that these prgrams are not helping the overall financial literacy levels of high school students upon completion. It is not plausable to state that these financial programs are useless, because these programs need to work in correcpendence of parents teaching their children good financial habits within their own homes.

There are ways for students to gain financial literacy and this article is mentions plans for student programs to help do this. The article talks about how some finance classes don't help a students understanding of finances, and mentions to have financial literacy it might have to begin in a person's childhood.

This article talks about civic education in american publics schools and how it is harder to find now. One of the ways the articles talks about changing this is by adding in a service plan. This plan is being created to teach the kids to become better citizens and to help them learn civics. This would be a good reference if you are researching the lack of civics in the education program.

Many surveys have shown that high school seniors continue to fail financial literacy tests. The surveys indicate that our current education standards are insufficient to prepare students for the real world.

This article is written by David Keeling, a geographer, who is a member of the American Geographical Society writers circle. It is about how a lack of geographical will limit what Americans can do in a global world. It als mentions education of it in high school and college.

A study shows that a parents literacy affects their involvement in their child's school. The parents that have a high literacy level are twice as like to be invovled than parents with a lower literacy level. This article really shows the affects parents have on their kid's education.

Synder outlines an initiative by CPAs around the country to promote financial literacy and improve Americans' wellbeing. Examples of the programs include a one-day workshop for high school seniors to discuss subjects such as credit cards, owning a home and buying a car. The goal is to bring real world applications to teach students about financial literacy. The programs also aim to help military personnel and their families when a parent is deployed, or a unique situation arises that impacts their finances. The author effectively demonstrates how CPAs across the country are taking action to aid in the development of healthy financial habits. Unfortunately, there is no information regarding the effectiveness of these programs and more information is needed.

Many people are curious as to what things new President Barack Obama will do to solve our struggling economy. People can start to gain financial literacy beginning in high school. This article is stating how we need to understand how we can help the economy instead of just sitting on the side.