Group items tagged

Remediation and RealityEdit Because media intervenes, or mediates between viewers and what is represented, meaning is not immediate. In order to receive the meaning immediately, the viewer can ignore the presence of the medium and the act of mediation or by diminishing the medium's represntational function.

Redmediation as ReformEdit When a new medium is introduced, users expect that it will improve upon the flaws of the preceding medium and will deliver meaning more immediately. By improving upon a predecessor, new media justifies itself. The rhetoric of remediation favors immediacy and transparency, even though as the medium matures it offers new opportunities for hypermediacy.[4].

Media constantly interact with other media by reproducing and replacing and making other changes

Hypermediacy is a "style of visual representation whose goal is to remind the viewer of the medium" (Bolter and Grusin 272). Hypermediacy plays upon the desire for immediacy and transparent immediacy, making us hyper-conscious of our act of seeing (or gazing).

Mediation is the representation of an object, a formative interface whereby the object of contemplation is structured and presented by some intervening medium (my definition). In this sense, it refers to the symbolic act itself and thus would include writing.

Fair use is generally a short excerpt and almost always attributed. (One should not use much more of the work than is needed to make the commentary.

It should not harm the commercial value of the work -- in the sense of people no longer needing to buy it (which is another reason why reproduction of the entire work is a problem.) Famously, copying just 300 words from Gerald Ford's 200,000 word memoir for a magazine article was ruled as not fair use, in spite of it being very newsworthy, because it was the most important 300 words -- why he pardoned Nixon.

The "fair use" concept varies from country to country, and has different names (such as "fair dealing" in Canada) and other limitations outside the USA.

False. U.S. Copyright law is quite explicit that the making of what are called "derivative works" -- works based or derived from another copyrighted work -- is the exclusive province of the owner of the original work. This is true even though the making of these new works is a highly creative process. If you write a story using settings or characters from somebody else's work, you need that author's permission. Yes, that means almost all "fan fiction" is arguably a copyright violation. If you want to publish a story about Jim Kirk and Mr. Spock, you need Paramount's permission, plain and simple. Now, as it turns out, many, but not all holders of popular copyrights turn a blind eye to "fan fiction" or even subtly encourage it because it helps them. Make no mistake, however, that it is entirely up to them whether to do that.

Don't rationalize whether it hurts the owner or not, ask them.

n general, respecting the rights of creators to control their creations is a principle many advocate adhering to.

Copyright law was recently amended by the Digital Millennium Copyright Act which changed net copyright in many ways. In particular, it put all sorts of legal strength behind copy-protection systems, making programs illegal and reducing the reality of fair use rights.

The DMCA also changed the liability outlook for ISPs in major ways, many of them quite troublesome.

False. Whether you charge can affect the damages awarded in court, but that's main difference under the law. It's still a violation if you give it away -- and there can still be serious damages if you hurt the commercial value of the property.

False. Copyright is effectively never lost these days, unless explicitly given away. You also can't "copyright a name" or anything short like that, such as almost all titles. You may be thinking of trade marks, which apply to names, and can be weakened or lost if not defended.

You generally trademark terms by using them to refer to your brand of a generic type of product or service. Like a "Delta" airline. Delta Airlines "owns" that word applied to air travel, even though it is also an ordinary word. Delta Hotels owns it when applied to hotels. (This case is fairly unusual as both are travel companies. Usually the industries are more distinct.) Neither owns the word on its own, only in context, and owning a mark doesn't mean complete control -- see a more detailed treatise on this law for details.

Managing records of IM chats is tricky and exists in a gray area legally. Are IM chats part of daily business records and thus the patient’s record? Depending on the content of the discussion, certain messages may need to be kept. Activity that contains electronic personal health information or involves a patient and that’s passed between users should be logged and audited.

The reality for many organizations is that IM is already in use, regardless of the threats involved

To IM or not to IM, that is the question. IM has its advantages and disadvantages. Do the risks outweigh the benefits or do the benefits outweigh the risks? Every organization should carefully consider both when deciding whether or not to use IM.

transition to new media has seen a handful of powerful transnational telecommunications corporations who own the majority achieve a level of global influence which was hitherto unimaginable.

new media follows the logic of the postindustrial or globalised society whereby 'every citizen can construct her own custom lifestyle and select her idology from a large number of choices. Rather than pushing the same objects to a mass audience, marketing now tries to target each individual separately.'

"virtual communities" are being established online and transcend geographical boundaries, eliminating social restrictions. Rheingold (2000) describes these globalised societies as self-defined networks, which resemble what we do in real life. "People in vi

rtual communities use words on screens to exchange pleasantries and argue, engage in intellectual discourse, conduct commerce, make plans, brainstorm, gossip, feud, fall in love, create a little high art and a lot of idle talk"

New Media has been used extensively by social movements to educate, organize, share cultural products of movements, communicate, coalition build, and more.

New media can be defined not only as things you can see such as graphics, moving images, shapes, texts, and such. It is also things that cannot be seen, such as a Wi-Fi connection. Like radio or electricity, no one can see the Wi-Fi waves in the air floating through the air. But the Wi-Fi concept can be considered new media. So new media can be either concept-based, refer to a solid object, or both.

Any individual with the appropriate technology can now produce his or her online media and include images, text, and sound about whatever he or she chooses. [27] So the new media with technology convergence shifts the model of mass communication, and radically shapes the ways we interact and communicate with one another.

even some forms of digitized and converged media are not in fact interactive at all

"the global interactive games industry is large and growing, and is at the forefront of many of the most significant innovations in new media" (Flew 2005: 101). Interactivity is prominent in these online computer games such as World of Warcraft and The Sims. These games, developments of "new media", allow for users to establish relationships and experience a sense of belonging, despite temporal and spatial boundaries. These games can be used as an escape or to act out a desired life. Will Wright, creator of The Sims, "is fascinated by the way gamers have become so attached to his invention-with some even living their lives through it" [30]. New media have created virtual realities that are becoming mere extensions of the world we live in.

The advertising industry has capitalized on the proliferation of new media with large agencies running multi-million dollar interactive advertising subsidiaries. In a number of cases advertising agencies have also set up new divisions to study new media. Public relations firms are taking advantage of the opportunities in new media through interactive PR practices.

New media can be seen to be a convergence between the history of two separate technologies: media and computing.

new media can now be defined as "graphics, moving images, sounds, shapes, spaces, and texts that have become computable; that is, they comprise simply another set of computer data.

Flew (2002) stated that as a result of the evolution of new media technologies, globalisation occurs. Globalisation is generally stated as "more than expansion of activities beyond the boundaries of particular nation states".[6] Globalisation shortens the distance between people all over the world by the electronic communication (Carely 1992 in Flew 2002) and Cairncross (1998) expresses this great development as the "death of distance". New media "radically break the connection between physical place and social place, making physical location much less significant for our social relationships" (Croteau and Hoynes 2003: 311).

Old media

involve analog processes

as opposed to new media which sample media as a numerical representation in binary code.