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This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to encourage Research Project Grant (R01) applications to pursue clinical observational (CO) studies to obtain data necessary for designing clinical studies for musculoskeletal, rheumatic, or skin diseases or conditions. A future clinical study may include a clinical trial or an observational study. Research data from observational studies supported by this FOA can enhance clinical study design by providing essential information about disease symptoms, stages and timing of disease progression, comorbid conditions, availability of potential research participants, and outcomes that are important to patients. They also can facilitate efforts to develop and/or validate objective biomarkers or subjective outcome measures for use in a future clinical study. Applicants to this FOA are encouraged to propose studies that address significant obstacles or questions in the design of a clinical project, such as determining the appropriate primary or secondary outcome measures, or identifying the stages of disease during which patients are most likely to respond to an intervention. Only observational studies will be supported through this FOA.

Scientists and patient advocacy groups often use a series of photos, commissioned by NEI some thirty years ago, when they wish to depict the visual experience of patients suffering from blinding diseases. At the time they were created, these images reflected the field's understanding of visual perception for such patients. But the field has advanced considerably since then, and these static images are considered overly simplistic, inaccurate, and generally unsatisfactory. At the same time, technology has evolved to where it is possible to use video and virtual reality to more authentically demonstrate (or even simulate) the experience of have a blinding disease. As part of the efforts of the NEI 50th Anniversary Planning Committee, the institute seeks the support of experts in blinding diseases, visual psychophysics, and video/virtual reality production to create a scientifically accurate and clinically authentic blindness simulation "experience" that can be used for education, public advocacy, and research purposes and a series of short videos that can be posted online for education and public outreach.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) invites submission of investigator-initiated program project applications. The proposed programs should address scientific areas relevant to the NIDDK mission including diabetes, selected endocrine and metabolic diseases, obesity, digestive diseases and nutrition, and kidney, urologic and hematologic diseases, as well as new approaches to prevent, treat and cure these diseases, including clinical research. A description of NIDDK scientific program areas can be found at http://www.niddk.nih.gov/about-niddk/research-areas/pages/research-areas.aspx .

The “Partner Actions to Improve Oral Health” program is a five-year competitive renewal to continue CDC investment in and support of oral health promotion and disease prevention programs. The purpose is to build the strength and effectiveness of state oral health programs recipients to prevent and control oral diseases and related conditions. Under component 1, recipient will work with all NOFO DP18-1810 funded programs to provide technical assistance, training, and capacity building resources for: 1) the Basic Screening Survey, 2) evidence-based oral health strategies (i.e., school sealant programs and community water fluoridation) and infection prevention and control practices, 3) oral health surveillance, 4) evaluation of oral health programs, and 5) reports on the oral health program capacity for all 50 states (CDC-funded and non-funded states). Under component 2, recipient will work with six programs selected NOFO DP18-1810 to integrate oral health with other chronic disease programs (i.e., medical/dental integration). Recipient will provide technical assistance for medical/dental integration programs, and compile examples of effective medical/dental integration programs and strategies. The proposed program will replace and build upon FOA 13-1313 [FY2013-FY2018]. Successful implementation and execution of the NOFO strategies will result in decreases in dental caries, oral health disparities, and co-morbid chronic diseases.

A major focus of the Network must be placed on the acquisition and distribution of specimens in limited supply, such as: * Castration-resistant disease, metastatic disease, primary untreated "de novo" metastatic disease as defined by STAMPEDE or high-risk disease defined by CHAARTED, tumors of the aggressive variant phenotype * Disproportionately affected populations, defined by ethnicity or health service access (safety net, rural, settings) * Active surveillance populations * Longitudinal/sequential specimens The Network must also collect, store, and manage data derived from the distributed biospecimens, including images of the hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained samples. Applications should describe how the development of the Network biorepository will enable the prostate cancer research community to address the FY17 PCRP Overarching Challenges and FY17 PCRP Focus Areas by utilizing Network biospecimens. Applications should propose a clearly defined mission that will guide the proposed Network's biospecimen collection, distribution, and data collection processes. The Network will consist of three to five Pathology Resource Sites and a Coordinating Center, which will also function as one of the Pathology Resource Sites. These organizations will be jointly responsible for developing and maintaining the biorepository for prostate cancer research.

As the population of older adults continues to increase, the prevalence of diseases and conditions common in aging is expected to rise. Cardiovascular diseases, cancer, chronic lung diseases, dementia, and chronic kidney disease will likely continue to be the greatest sources of morbidity and mortality, as well as the costliest conditions to healthcare systems. However, older Americans infrequently have just one chronic health condition. In 2010, over two-thirds of Medicare beneficiaries had more than one chronic condition, and 14% had 6 or more chronic conditions. Disability and greater care needs associated with these conditions is leading to an increase in residence in nursing homes and other long-term care facilities. Healthcare costs will continue to grow, with health-related spending expected to top 20% of gross domestic product by 2025. Also listed under R01

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) invites researchers to submit applications for support of clinical projects that address critical needs for clinical trial readiness in rare diseases. The initiative seeks applications that are intended to facilitate rare disease research by enabling efficient and effective movement of candidate therapeutics or diagnostics towards clinical trials, and to increase their likelihood of success through development and testing of rigorous biomarkers and clinical outcome assessment measures, or by defining the presentation and course of a rare disease to enable the design of upcoming clinical trials.

The NIH Blueprint for Neuroscience Research is a collaborative framework through which 14 NIH Institutes, Centers and Offices jointly support neuroscience-related research, with the aim of accelerating discoveries and reducing the burden of nervous system disorders. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) will solicit research projects to facilitate the development and translation of tools and technology for non-invasive imaging and profiling of human central nervous system (CNS, including retina) small blood and lymphatic vessels; to investigate their role in CNS physiology, disease, repair processes, and responses to therapy using novel approaches. Applications can be focused on the development of new technology and tools, novel target or biomarker identification and validation studies, or a combination of mechanistic and technology development studies specific to human CNS small blood and lymphatic vessels in health and disease, across the life span.

Tobacco use remains the leading preventable cause of disease and death in the United States. More than half of smokers attempt to quit each year, but fewer than one in ten succeed. Evidence-based cessation treatments, including individual, group, and telephone counseling and seven FDA-approved cessation medications, exist, but are underutilized. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health is announcing the opportunity to apply for funds for a competitive, non-research cooperative agreement to provide technical assistance to state tobacco control programs and other partners to translate the science of tobacco control cessation into public health action in order to further increase the rate of cessation among tobacco users in the United States. The funded organizations will accomplish this by providing technical assistance to state tobacco control programs and other partners to 1) Implement health systems change initiatives that seek to integrate tobacco dependence treatment into routine clinical care, including care of persons with behavioral health conditions; and 2) Improve state quitlines' infrastructure, operations, and services to further enhance their effectiveness and efficiency, increase state quitlines' reach, especially among populations experiencing tobacco-related disparities, broaden the range of cessation services offered by state quitlines, and enhance quitline sustainability.

Research progress in the treatment for diseases of the exocrine pancreas [chronic pancreatitis (CP), pancreatogenic diabetes mellitus, and pancreatic cancer] has been hampered by the disorders' heterogeneity, the limitations of previous small cross-sectional studies, the inability to safely obtain pancreatic tissue for discovery, and the lack of structured epidemiology tools, genetic testing, and biomarker development and validation. Mechanism-based research of these diseases has suffered from the lack of systematically collected clinical measures in longitudinal cohort studies linked with biospecimens. Given the increasing incidence and prevalence of CP and its association to the development of pancreatic cancer, its complications, high mortality rate, and associated health care cost, the National Institute for Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases and the National Cancer Institute established in 2015 the Study of Chronic Pancreatitis, Diabetes and Pancreatic Cancer (CPDPC) Consortium as multidisciplinary teams composed of members from the Clinical Centers and Coordination and Data Management Center to undertake a comprehensive clinical, epidemiological, and biological characterization of patients with CP (including adults and children with recurrent acute pancreatitis) to develop treatments and gain insight into the pathophysiology of CP and its sequela: chronic pain, pancreatic exocrine and endocrine insufficiency, T3cDM, and the diabetes/pancreatic cancer association. Another objective was to undertake studies on the development of pancreatic cancer in newly diagnosed diabetic patients

The goal of the intended FOA is to establish Study Sites for PRS Methods and Analysis for Populations of Diverse Ancestry to collaboratively generate and refine PRS for populations of diverse ancestry by integrating existing datasets with genomic and phenotype data for a range of complex diseases and traits. Together with a Coordinating Center (described in a separate FOA), grantees funded under the intended FOA will form a Consortium with the primary objectives of: 1) leveraging genetic diversity to develop methods and improve the applicability of PRS to predict health and disease risk across diverse populations, and for a broad range of health and disease measures; and 2) optimizing the integration of large-scale, harmonized genomic and phenotype data to facilitate collaborative analysis, dissemination of PRS-related data, and development of related methods and resources.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) encourages transdisciplinary and translational research that will identify the specific biological or biobehavioral pathways through which physical activity and/or weight control (either weight loss or avoidance of weight gain) may affect cancer prognosis and survival. Research applications should test the effects of physical activity, alone or in combination with weight control (either weight loss or avoidance of weight gain), on biomarkers of cancer prognosis among cancer survivors identified by previous animal or observational research on established biomarkers other than insulin/glucose metabolism, especially those obtained from tumor tissue sourced from repeat biopsies where available. Because many cancer survivor populations will not experience recurrence but will die of comorbid diseases or may experience early effects of aging, inclusion of biomarkers of comorbid diseases (e.g., cardiovascular disease) and of the aging process are also sought. Applications should use experimental designs (e.g., randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs), fractional factorial designs), and include transdisciplinary approaches that bring together behavioral intervention expertise, cancer biology, and other basic and clinical science disciplines relevant to the pathways being studied.

The purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to stimulate efforts to translate scientific discoveries and engineering developments into methods or tools that address problems in basic research to understand disease, or in applied research to assess risk, detect, prevent, diagnose, treat, and/or manage disease. The rationale is to deliver new capabilities to meet evolving requirements for technologies and methods relevant to the advance of research and delivery of care in pre-clinical, clinical and non-clinical settings, domestic or foreign, for conditions and diseases within the missions of participating institutes.

The purpose of this FOA is to invite applications that investigate aspects of lymphatic vessel physiology, development and pathophysiology related to health and diseases of the digestive system. Studies to understand the factors that control local lymphatic vessel functional anatomy and physiology and development during health or disease in this system and its organs, and the mechanisms by which alterations of lymphatic vessel function affect organ function, are of interest. However, studies with the major focus on immune mechanisms, role of lymphatics in cancer metastasis and study of lymphatic vessels in organs other than those from the digestive system will not be considered responsive.

The purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to solicit applications from investigators to participate in the HLA and KIR Region Genomics in Immune Mediated Diseases Consortium (HLARGC). This cooperative research group supports projects defining the association between variations in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA), also known as the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC), and natural killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) genetic regions and immune-mediated diseases, including outcomes following cell, tissue, and organ transplantation.

The purpose of this FOA is to invite applications that investigate aspects of lymphatic vessel physiology, development and pathophysiology related to health and diseases of the digestive system. Studies to understand the factors that control local lymphatic vessel functional anatomy and physiology and development during health or disease in this system and its organs, and the mechanisms by which alterations of lymphatic vessel function affect organ function, are of interest. However, studies with the major focus on immune mechanisms, role of lymphatics in cancer metastasis and study of lymphatic vessels in organs other than those from the digestive system will not be considered responsive.

The purpose of this FOA is to invite applications that investigate aspects of lymphatic vessel physiology, development and pathophysiology related to health and diseases of the digestive system. Studies to understand the factors that control local lymphatic vessel functional anatomy and physiology and development during health or disease in this system and its organs, and the mechanisms by which alterations of lymphatic vessel function affect organ function, are of interest. However, studies with the major focus on immune mechanisms, role of lymphatics in cancer metastasis and study of lymphatic vessels in organs other than those from the digestive system will not be considered responsive.

This funding opportunity announcement (FOA) issued by ORIP, National Institutes of Health, encourages research grant applications from institutions/organizations that propose to develop, characterize or improve animal models for human disease or to improve diagnosis and control of diseases that might interfere with animal use for biomedical research purposes.

TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE AND THERAPEUTICS: The goal of the PhRMA Foundation's Translational Medicine and Therapeutics Program is to promote the development and use of experimental and computational methods in an integrative approach towards clinical needs in diagnosis, treatment and prevention. This can involve enhanced understanding of human biological and disease processes but requires a strong translational component. This program will support the concepts of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics as defined by the Foundation: "Translational medicine and therapeutics is a discipline focused on bridging experimental and computational technologies and discoveries in the research laboratory to their application in clinical practice. Examples of research components include activities in molecular and cellular biology, pathophysiology, systems biology, bioinformatics, modeling and simulation, and other quantitative sciences to connect basic biological concepts and entities to directly address unmet medical needs. The goals are to use clinical observation as the basis for hypothesis generation to further basic research and to efficiently advance the product of basic research to patients." Translational Medicine and Therapeutics awards will advance training and support career development of scientists engaged in research that significantly integrates cutting-edge technologies with advanced biological, chemical, and pharmacological sciences and engineering methodologies in such areas as (but not restricted to): * Genetics (Molecular, Pharmaco-, Population, Medical) * Genomics (Functional, Structural, Toxico-, Pharmaco-, Comparative) * Systems (Biology and Pharmacology) * Pathways and networks * Integrative biology * Modeling and simulation * Target Identification and Validation * Biomarker Discovery and Validation * Vaccine Development * Molecular Epidimiology * Imaging * Disease Modeling

Roche is pleased to announce that we are accepting applications for the 2013 TCRC Young Investigators Award.  The awards are intended to provide support for the earlier stages of scientific research career development, so they are to be awarded to the employing institutions of promising emerging researchers.  Proposals will be evaluated based on scientific merit and innovation of the projects proposed to be conducted using the awards.   Four awards will be presented on Oct 1, 2013 during the scientific symposium inaugurating Roche's Translational and Clinical Research Center in New York City.   Researchers performing investigations (clinical, in vitro/in vivo or informatics) focused on disease understanding of the following disease areas are encouraged to apply: Cardiovascular & Metabolism - Diabetes and related complications   Neuroscience - Spinal Muscular Atrophy Virology - Influenza Oncology - Treatment and diagnosis of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML).