Group items tagged

Title:Prenatal Memory and Learning Author: David B Chamberlain Date Published:N.D Why Relevant and Summary: This article discusses in amazing detail the capabilities that babies in the womb have to learn and memorize. How This Influenced My Thinking: I feel like I was educated on just how capable these babies are before they are even born. Credibility of Source: Very. This article was posted for The Association for Prenatal and Perinatal Psychology and Health

Author: David B Chamberlain Date Published: Unknown Why Relevent: This article was a wealth of information full of examples of in utero learning. How This Influenced My Thinking: I had no idea you could train your baby to kick on command! I am astonished by the capabilities of human infants. Credibility of Source: The Association for Prenatal and Perinatal Psychology and Health

Title: Prenatal Memory and Learning Author: David B Chamberlain Date Published: n.d. Why Relevant and Summary: This article is very relevant because it discusses what learning takes place within the womb and actually gives a great example of what a mother can do while she is pregnant to help this learning. How This Influenced My Thinking: It really helped me understand how learning can take place within the womb. Credibility of Source: It seems credible!! Just a website, though.

Title: What Babies Learn in the Womb Author: Laura McCarthy Date Published: n.d. Why Relevant and Summary: Discusses what the fetus learns about its environment in utero and how it will help them when they are born into the real world How This Influenced My Thinking: This taught me about how much babies learn without being directly exposed to the external environment, as well as how rapidly they learn. Credibility of Source: Credible, from parenting website

Title:What babies learn in the womb Author:Laura Flynn Mccarthy Date Published:nd Why Relevant and Summary:This article is relevant because it discusses how newborns prefer mom's voice over someone elses, proving that infants can distinguish between voices. This article discusses a study done on one day old newborns. They are given pacifiers and depending on the sucking pattern, they start the recording of mom's voice or another person's voice. After twenty minutes, they learned to use the sucking pattern that started the recording of mom's voice. How This Influenced My Thinking:Babies are born learning. Clearly they understand more than people realize. It is up to us to stimulate and progress their learning. Credibility of Source:This comes from parenting.com so I seems credible, however, their are no citations or references.

Title: Habituation - The Most Basic Form of Learning Author: Kendra Cherry Date Published: no date Why Relevant and Summary: I found this short excerpt helpful in defining habituation, but also explaining how this process is a method of learning for infants. How This Influenced my Thinking: This made me think about how infants use this as a method of learning; after observing an object until it is instilled in memory and moving along to newer objects and stimuli further their knowledge. Its the beginning of their being "scientists" and observing their environment and assessing it. Credibility of Source: recognized the journalist, informational website with section for Psychology and has other topics about infant development

Title:Can Babies Learn in the Uterus? Author:Unknown Date Published:October 2011 Why Relevant and Summary:The article discusses the fact that babies in their last trimester can learn and respond to music and recognize voices while still in in In Utero . How This Influenced My Thinking: I did realize before that babies were really capable of hearing while still in their Mothers bellies. Credibility of Source:Fairly credible

Title: Annie Murphy Paul: What we learn before we're born Author: Annie Murphy Paul. Date Published: 2011 Why Relevant and Summary: The journalist and mother expounds upon the different research and studies that give insight into what a fetus experiences and learns in-utero. How This Influenced My Thinking: The last part of this talk discusses the "Hunger Winter" study and how prenatal exposure to famine effected health in adult life, and how 9/11 fetuses of mother who experienced the trauma, had babies with greater susceptibility to PTSD. Credibility of Source: Highly credible with verifiable references

Title: Annie Murphy Paul: What we learn before we're born Author: Annie Murphy Paul. Date Published: Nov. 2011 Why Relevant and Summary: As a science reporter and mother Paul combined her experience as a pregnant woman with her love of research to write about what a fetus is learning in the womb and what a mother teaches through their shared experience. How This Influenced My Thinking: there was a lot of interesting and pertinent information shared within this video. The shared experiences of a mother are vast. A fetus learns from a mother's voice, food preferences, language and culture to environmental events such as famine, war, fear and stress.

Title : Struggle for Smarts? How Eastern and Western Cultures Tackle Learning Author : Ali Spiegel Date : 11/12/2012 Link : http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2012/11/12/164793058/struggle-for-smarts-how-eastern-and-western-cultures-tackle-learning Why Relevant and Summary: Points out a big difference between Eastern and Western cultures regarding intelligence and learning. Eastern cultures believe that struggling through a problem is "good" and shows emotional strength. They believe intelligence is something that anyone can obtain through hard work and persistence. Western culture tends to view intelligence as innate. And if you have to struggle at something, then you're simply not good at it, and that's that. How This Influenced My Thinking: Once this was pointed out to me, it seemed very apparent to me. Considering I grew up with an Asian mom and many Asian friends, I felt that this generalization held some truth to it.

Title: Zone of Proximal Development Author: Saul McLeod Date Published: 2012 Why Relevant and Summary: It helped me understand the background of ZPD, its ideology and its motives. How This Influenced my Thinking: I was able to apply it to my life after reading this very clear article. Credibility of Source:It is just a website, but it matches up with other information

author-Saul Mcleod date- 2012 why relevant/summary- This site is relevant in helping to better understand what is meant by Zone of proximal development, scaffolding, and cooperative teaching. It not only provides you with a definition of each term, but also gives you information on Vygotsky, and provides you with sample learning scenarios that help you to better understand his theory. how this influenced my thinking- This webpage gave me insight on what are good ways of teaching someone a new task. It helped me to better understand why a child would have trouble learning a new task, and what can be done to help them achieve their goal. credibility of source- credible with many sources

Title: ZPD Author:Saul McLeod Published:2010 Why Relevant and Summary: This article gave good terminology of the terms needed while writting the essay. How this influenced my thinking: Gave good examples and was clear which made it easier for me to understand Credibiliy: Good for basic knowledge

Title:What is a schema? Author:Kendra Cherry Date Published:n.d. Why Relevant and Summary:This article is relevant because it describes what a schema is. This goes into the discussion of cognition and toys and how infants learn from their environment. Children make schemas, how we organize and process information, in order to make sense of things. However, for children, assimilation and accomodation are necessary since they are constantly learning and can confuse things. How This Influenced My Thinking:Schemas are a good learning tool, but can also make learning difficult. It is important to be open minded in order to take in new information. Otherwise, a person's schema may be flawed. Credibility of Source:Credible from about.com with references.

"Even before we were born, we knew our mother's voice and could distinguish it from other voices." Title: Babies Recognize Mom's voice from the Womb Author: Lee Dye Published: May 22 2013 Why relevant and Summary: Great informative ABC article about research being done in China and Canada which show similar results on babies recognizing mothers's voice. How this influenced my thinking: I am very interested in brain development and learning. I am excited about researching learning and brain development in the womb. Credibility of source: very credible news station and research is cited.

Title: Babies Seem to Pick Up Language in Utero Author: NICHOLAS BAKALAR Date Published: January 7, 2013 Why Relevant and Summary: This study took place in two different countries, and aim to gather information to prove the hypothesis that memory and language learning starts even during gestation. How This Influenced My Thinking: I already knew about it, but actually having a study to support this claim, made it even more reliable. I think studies like this influence future parents in their quest to stimulate their babies learning in the womb. Credibility of Source: It was publish in the health and science section of the New York Times, and the study is conducted by a University.

Title: Babies Seem to Pick Up Language in Utero Author: Nicholas Bakalar Date: 07 January 2013 Why Relevant and Summary: This article talks about the researches and experiments that are taking place to give people more information on how babies pick up language while still in the womb. Babies hear their mother's voice all the time after about 30 weeks. Once the baby is born he/she knows their mother's voice because it is so familiar. The babies that are involved in the studies have pacifiers that have tape recorders embedded in them to record the sucking noise. How This Influenced My Thinking: I have always heard that it is good for babies to listen to classical music because it increases their learning abilities, but to know that prenatal learning is important and has a positive effect blew my mind. Credibility of Source: Credible, it is from a newspaper, in which the article is peer reviewed and it talks about research.

Title:Learning from inside the womb: how babies acquire skills before birth. Author:Annie Paul Date Published:7/29/2011 Why Relevant and Summary:It tells you all about how in the second trimester an infant can hear and recognize sounds. How This Influenced My Thinking:It has made me more aware of how learning is very important even before birth. Credibility of Source:High

Title:Babies Listen and Learn While in the Womb Author:Denise Mann Date Published:Jan. 3, 2013 Why Relevant and Summary:It discusses learning in the womb. Babies begin to absorb language within the womb in the last 10 weeks of pregnancy. In a study, infants only hours old sucked on a pascifier more often when they heard vowels sounds in their native language than when hearing vowel sound in a foreign language. The mother's body amplifies her voice so the baby cannot hear dad's voice. How This Influenced My Thinking:I never knew that a newborn could differentiate between a mother's voice. When I have kids, I will definitely be talking to them the last weeks of pregnancy. Credibility of Source:Veyr credible since it came from WebMD

Title: Using Toys to Support Infant-Toddler Learning and Development Author: Gabriel Guyton Date Published: September 2011 Why Relevant and Summary: This article discusses how caregivers can select and even make (using random household materials) age appropriate toys to support and enhance cognitive development. The author encourages finding toys that support development across all domains - cognitive development, fine motor, gross motor, language, etc. How this influenced my thinking: When I first sat down to right the short critical thinking assignment on cognition and toys, it did not even occur to me to write about home-made toys such as a simple first puzzle made out of a muffin tin and some small objects, yet in reality, things found around the house make some of the best toys - ones that really engage babies and toddlers and are truly beneficial to child development. Credibility of source: This article is from the National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC), thus seems highly credible.

Title: Using Toys to Support Infant-Toddler Learning and Development Author:Gabriel Guyton Date Published: September 2011 Why Relevant and Summary: This article shares about toys useful to child development, along with presenting a graph showing what toys are most appropriate and beneficial at each age. How This Influenced My Thinking: This article gave clear and concise information as to what development is occurring and at what age. Credibility of Source: 7- Published by the credible agency, NAEYC (National Association for the Education of Young Children)

Title: Lev Vygotsky Author: Saul McLeod Date Published: 2007 Why Relevant and Summary: Talks about Vygotsky and the theories that he created. It also has a good comparison between Vygotsky and Piaget. How This Influenced My Thinking: It was good additional material that went more in depth on the topic, and had some information that the textbook did not cover. Credibility of Source: Good - the author is a professor at Wigan and Leigh college.

Title:Lev Vygotsky Author:Saul McLeod Date Published:2007 Why Relevant and Summary:Detailed background information about Vygotsky and how his theory differs from Piaget's theory. The effects of Vygotsky's theory is presented and there is also a video that talks about the differences of both theories. How This Influenced My Thinking:I learned a lot more about Vygotsky and how his and Piaget's theory differ from one another. Credibility of Source:Credible.

Title: Lev Vygotsky Author: Saul McLeod Date Published: 2007 Why Relevant and Summary: This article was relevant to the writing assignment because it helped me understand that an important concept to the Zone of Proximal Development relates to the difference between what a child can achieve independently and what a child needs guidance with. How This Influenced My Thinking: This helped me know that children should have somewhat of independence and freedom to learn skills that'll benefit them in the future. This will teach the child to be responsible and to be independent. Credibility of Source: very credible

Title:Wired for learning: promoting infant brain development Author:Kathryn Vaughn Date Published:nd Why Relevant and Summary:This article is relevant because it discusses ways to promote brain development in infants. Babies brains are made for learning. Brain development is based both on genes and the stimulation and care given to the infant. Parents should interact with their baby by talking to them. Use a high pitched voice. Let your baby explore their environment and play with your baby. How This Influenced My Thinking:It's amazing to know that with each experience a baby encounters, it only aids in brain development. Credibility of Source:It seems to be credible from an .edu site with plenty of references.

Title:Outdoor Play Author: Johnson, Christie & Wardle Date Published: 2005 Why relevant/summary: This article is relevant because it throughly discusses the importance of physical activity to a growing toddler, specifically how outdoor play can aide in not only their physical development but how it can also be used as a tool for cognitive learning opportunities. How this influenced my thinking: This article opened my eyes to how outdoor play is not only providing play and physical activity for a young child but also many different learning opportunities that they may not experience otherwise. Credibility of Source: Very credible, the authors provided many examples as well as citations and references.

Title: Social Emotional Development: 24-36 months Author: No author Date Published: 2010 Why Relevant and Summary: This is an accessible guide for parents of two year olds to learn ways to help their toddler understand his feelings, encourage early friendships, letting the child lead in play, and supporting older toddlers' developing skills, as well as helping the child learn to resolve conflict in healthy ways, understand reasons for limits/request, use language to communicate needs. How this influenced my thinking: As a mother of two children (fairly recently out of the toddler stage) this gave me quite a bit to reflect on as far as my own parenting and how I can make improvements going forward should I ever have more children, and it would likely influence any advice I may give out to parents of toddlers. Credibility of Source: National Center for Infants, Toddlers and Families is an organization dedicated to healthy child development, so this publication is likely backed by solid research.

Title: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Author: Timothy Rogge Date Published: 03-25-2012 Why Relevant and Summary: This article explains the causes, risk factors, symptoms, signs and tests, treatment, expectations, health care provider, and prevention. ADHD is most common in children and those children can cause a lot of chaos. How This Influenced My Thinking: I learned more about ADHD which helped me think about how those with ADHD act and feel. Credibility of Source: 5 because it is very detailed.

Title: Causes, incidence, and risk factors of ADHD Author: A.D.A.M. Medical Encyclopedia Date Published: March 25, 2012 Why Relevant and Summary: This article tells you everything you need to know about ADHD including symptoms, signs, tests, treatment, and medications. It also gives important statistics about kids and how often they are diagnosed with this disease. How This Influenced My Thinking: This article got me thinking about children with ADHD and how much more common it is these days. Also I learned that this disease could start as soon as the brain begins developing which was very surprising. Credibility of Source: This article contains references to give credit to all the facts regarding ADHD and it has also been reviewed by numerous MD's.

Title: Mothers and Daughters: How to Talk "The Talk" Author:Catherine Kedjidjian Date Published: n.d. Why Relevant and Summary: In this article, I learned that the sex talk can help prevent a lot of things. Such as fear, awkwardness, and curiosity. Having the sex talk is well awkward, but it helps prevent unsafe sex, unplanned pregnancies, and well sex. Apparently, if a parent talks to their child about sex it decreases the number of partners they will have and it will keep abstinence a lot longer than others. For a girl, it is easier and less awkward to talk to your mother about sex than it is your father. I learned that it is never too early to have the sex talk with your child and that there are websites and centers that can help you ease into the sex talk without it being awkward. I read about how there are signs that indicate puberty is around the corner for girls and how a mother should have open communications with her daughter when it comes to puberty and sex. How This Influenced My Thinking: This article has broadened my knowledge of puberty and the sex talk very much. Credibility of Source: Credible.

Title: Kantian Ethics Author: none Date Published: n.d. Why Relevant and Summary: Relevant to Kolhberg's final sixth stage of moral reasoning: Universal Ethical Principals. Kant believed that moral reasoning is not based on the idea that humans are a means to an end, but that were an end in ourselves. How This Influenced My Thinking: I have studied Kant in Philosophy classes in the past, and enjoyed having the chance here to cross previous learning into what I am learning now. It also helped me to understand Kohlberg's sixth stage more thoroughly. Credibility of Source: Great - Wikipedia is credible