Examine your students' background knowledge on a new topic of study by asking them to write about it. Pass out index cards and instruct students to fill only one side with their related thoughts and experiences. Provide a minute to write followed by a minute to discuss their ideas with a nearby partner. Collect the cards and set them aside until the end of the unit. Then, ask students to revisit their original notes and, on the backs of their cards, describe how their thinking has expanded or changed on this issue. The initial card writing gives you an insight into background knowledge, while the final card writing offers students insight into their thinking and learning.
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ASCD Express 13.16 - The Keys to Content-Area Writing: Short, Frequent, and Shared - 17 views
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If we continue to believe that we must collect and grade every piece of student writing, our exhaustion will result in students writing far less. Sure, if necessary, we can award points, checks, or stamps, but these should simply be records of whether the students gave a good-faith effort (full credit) or not (no credit), not grades that attempt to assess the writing (Vopat, 2009).
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Offer students an intriguing content-area prompt. For example, if the topic was e-waste, you might ask students to write about the importance of e-devices in their own lives or you might project a photograph of a mountain of discarded, obsolete cell phones. Let students think and write for a minute or two. Then, working with a partner, have each student read aloud what they wrote and discuss their ideas. Another very social writing activity is written conversation. Starting in groups of three or four, students silently respond to a content-related prompt, writing for several minutes until most class members have about a third or half a page of writing. Then, within the group, students pass their papers to their right. Now, each student must read the previous writer's thoughts and expand the conversation by exploring ideas and asking questions. After a few minutes of writing, papers are passed again, and the conversation continues to blossom as more and more ideas and responses are added. When the paper returns to the owner after several passes, each student gets to read a very interesting conversation that began with their initial written response. Of course, this written conversation could continue as an out-loud discussion, as well.
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If you want students to be better readers, writers, and thinkers in every content area, then writing every day in every class is key. Be sure to make that informal and spontaneous writing short, frequent, and shared.
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"Examine your students' background knowledge on a new topic of study by asking them to write about it. Pass out index cards and instruct students to fill only one side with their related thoughts and experiences. Provide a minute to write followed by a minute to discuss their ideas with a nearby partner. Collect the cards and set them aside until the end of the unit. Then, ask students to revisit their original notes and, on the backs of their cards, describe how their thinking has expanded or changed on this issue. The initial card writing gives you an insight into background knowledge, while the final card writing offers students insight into their thinking and learning."
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What Artificial Intelligence Could Mean For Education : NPR Ed : NPR - 15 views
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, in a world where computers are taking more and more of the jobs, what is it that humans most need to learn? It probably isn't primarily memorizing facts or figures, or simple rules for problem solving.
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An immediate answer is that more of us need to get better at building and interacting with software tools.
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School-based yoga can help children better manage stress and anxiety - 15 views
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Precompetitive appraisal, performance anxiety and confidence in conservatorium musician... - 0 views
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Primary and secondary appraisals formed theoretically consistent and reliable evaluations of threat and challenge. Secondary appraisals were significantly lower for students who viewed the performance as a threat. Students who viewed the performance as a challenge reported significantly less cognitive anxiety and higher self-confidence. Findings indicate that the PAM is a brief and reliable measure of cognitive appraisals that trigger precompetitive emotions of anxiety and confidence which can be used to identify those performers who could benefit from pre-performance intervention strategies to manage performance stress.
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Music performance anxiety (MPA) can be controlled when musicians cognitively restructure their own thoughts and feelings about their performance by anticipating symptoms of anxiety and turning them to constructive use
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The cognitive interpretation, or appraisal, of an initial emotional response, such as fear, exerts a proximal influence on performance
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and substantially determines if performers will suffer emotion-related detriments or profit from emotion-related benefits
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Emotions that are too weak or intense and feel unpleasant lead to lower motivation, distracted attention, and reduced performance.
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On the other hand, appropriately intense emotions which feel pleasant and are expected to help future performance are more likely to lead to increased effort, better decision making, and hence enhanced performance
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Mann-Whitney U tests of mean ranks showed that compared to students who viewed performance as a threat (MThreat = 7.00, SDThreat = 0.99), students who viewed performance as a challenge (MChallenge = 5.02, SDChallenge = 1.91); reported significantly less cognitive anxiety at pre-recital (U = 21.00, z = -2.167, p = .028) and significantly higher self-confidence both at the start of semester, (MThreat = 4.79, SDThreat = 0.90; MChallenge = 6.42, SDChallenge = 1.08; U = 29.50, z = -3.555, p < .001) and pre-recital (MThreat = 4.45, SDThreat = 0.72; MChallenge = 6.55, SDChallenge = 0.98; U = 2.50, z = -3.104, p < .001, Figure 2).
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Guideline on Some Questions and Answers about Grammar - 36 views
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Grammar names the types of words and word groups that make up sentences not only in English but in any language
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Students benefit much more from learning a few grammar keys thoroughly than from trying to remember many terms and rules.
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show students how to apply it not only to their writing but also to their reading and to their other language arts activities.
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If they know how to find the main verb and the subject, they have a better chance of figuring out a difficult sentenc
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Traditional drill and practice will be the most meaningful to students when they are anchored in the context of writing assignments or the study of literary models
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Try using texts of different kinds, such as newspapers and the students' own writing, as sources for grammar examples and exercises.
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entence combining: students start with simple exercises in inserting phrases and combining sentences and progress towards exercises in embedding one clause in another.
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If a word can be made plural or possessive, or if it fits in the sentence "The _______ went there," it is a noun. If a word can be made past, or can take an -ing ending, it is a verb
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Students can circle the sentence subjects in a published paragraph, observe this pattern at work, and then apply it to their own writing.
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Most sentences start with information that is already familiar to the reader, such as a pronoun or a subject noun that was mentioned earlier.
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Technology Is Changing How Students Learn, Teachers Say - The New York Times - 13 views
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hat the education system must adjust to better accommodate the way students learn, a point that some teachers brought up in focus groups themselves
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roughly 75 percent of 2,462 teachers surveyed said that the Internet and search engines had a “mostly positive” impact on student research skills. And they said such tools had made students more self-sufficient researchers.
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But nearly 90 percent said that digital technologies were creating “an easily distracted generation with short attention spans.”
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About 60 percent said it hindered students’ ability to write and communicate face to face, and almost half said it hurt critical thinking and their ability to do homework.
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Legislation and Common Law Impacting Assessment Practices in Music Education - Oxford H... - 1 views
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Russell and Austin (2010) have claimed that in music education, a system of benign neglect in assessment practices has been allowed to endure, even though there has (p. 4) been a long-term, consistent call for reform, for more meaningful assessments, and for policymakers to adapt to laws as they are enacted and court rulings as they are handed down.
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ead to the growing body of scholarship in educational law, the evolving and more active role courts are taking in impacting educational practices,
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chapter is to inform music teachers about contemporary court cases that have resulted in rulings on assessment issues in educational settings, and how these rulings impact assessment in the music classroom.
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in teacher preparation programs and in professional development activities so that students and in-service music educators will better be able to negotiate the increasingly litigious educational world
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egal issues facing music educators remain one of the least important topics of conversation for preservice music educators.
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Historically, courts have been somewhat deferential to school leaders and have not been willing to hear too many cases dealing with educational law and assessment.
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Based on this decision, courts would be more likely to defer to school leaders in making their final rulings.
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s. Three basic factors must exist for constitutional due process to exist: a student must have proper notice, a student must be given the chance to be heard, and the hearing should be conducted in a fair manner
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The court decided that denying a student of education, regardless of the amount of time, could not be considered an inconsequential thing and claimed that a person’s right to education was equitable to the rights to liberty and property. In the majority decisions, the Supreme Court justices argued:
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The US Supreme Court’s decision in Goss created the opportunity for students, parents, and their representatives to challenge not only disciplinary suspensions and expulsions but also other decisions by school officials that may affect liberty or property rights, including grades and grading policies.
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little more than attendance and participation, others feel that grades must represent academic achievement and that “allowing non-academic factors to affect academic grades distorts the truth about students’
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however, because music is addressed minimally in these laws, their enactment has had minimal direct impact on music educators’ assessment practices.
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COPPA and Schools: The (Other) Federal Student Privacy Law, Explained - Education Week - 4 views
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In a nutshell, COPPA requires operators of commercial websites, online services, and mobile apps to notify parents and obtain their consent before collecting any personal information on children under the age of 13. The aim is to give parents more control over what information is collected from their children online.
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This law directly regulates companies, not schools. But as the digital revolution has moved into the classroom, schools have increasingly been put in the middle of the relationship between vendors and parents.
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In some cases, companies may try to shift some of the burden of COPPA compliance away from themselves and onto schools
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“That is not without risk, and COPPA has a whole lot of gray area that gives school attorneys pause.”
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Less clear, though, is whether COPPA covers information such as IP (internet protocol) address, device identification number, the type of browser being used, or other so-called metadata that can often be used to identify users.
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some school lawyers have taken the FTC’s previous guidance to mean that their districts must get consent from every single parent, for every single product that collects information online from young children.
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First, according to the FTC, schools can grant consent on behalf of parents only when the operator of the website, online service, or app in question is providing a service that is “solely for the benefit of students and the school system” and is specific to “the educational context.”
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will any information collected from children under 13 be used or shared for commercial purposes unrelated to education? Are schools allowed to review the information collected on students? Can schools request that student info be deleted? If the answers to that second group of questions are, respectively, yes, no, or no, schools are not allowed to grant consent on behalf of parents, according to the FTC.
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Many vendors also allow third-party trackers (usually related to analytics or advertising) to be embedded into their sites and services.
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Often through an Acceptable Use Policy or similar document that is sent home to parents at the beginning of the school year, said Fitzgerald of Common Sense Media.
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Even better, Fitzgerald said, is when schools provide a detailed list of exactly what websites/online services/apps students will be using, and what the information practices of each are.
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some privacy experts say that a one-time, blanket sign-off at the beginning of the school year may not be considered valid notification and consent under COPPA, especially if it doesn’t list the specific online services that children will be using.
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responsibility for deciding “whether a particular site’s or service’s information practices are appropriate” not be delegated to teachers.
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One is “click-wrap agreements.” Often, these are the kinds of agreements that almost all of us are guilty of just clicking through without actually reading
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Herold, Benjamin. (2017, July 28). The Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act. Education Week. Retrieved Month Day, Year from http://www.edweek.org/ew/issues/childrens-online-privacy-protection-act-coppa/
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Circumcision of the Heart in Leviticus and Deuteronomy: Divine Means for Resolving Curs... - 0 views
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These three uses of “uncircumcised” imply that the foreskin is an impediment or obstacle to hearing, speaking, and producing good fruit. That is, the state of being uncircumcised impedes something, which, if it did not have the foreskin, would otherwise be prepared for true function and vitality. But since it has the foreskin, it is impeded
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There is a progression in Leviticus from “outward” holiness to “inward” holiness or better, from the holiness symbolized in sacrifice, cult, and purity laws to holiness exhibited in the obedience of a prepared and consecrated people which Leviticus 17-27 envisions.
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The foreskin of their heart was the cause of their stubbornness in 24:10-23, which led to God’s curse coming upon them in exile. They became as the “foreskined fruit trees” in Leviticus 19:23 that were unable to yield fruit. Their hearts still had the foreskin, the impediment or obstacle which prevented them from vital covenant faithfulness and ensuing blessing
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Within this scheme, Leviticus presents the humbling of the foreskin of the heart as the resolution to the stubborn heart which brought the people into exile. Heart circumcision will bring the blessing of restoration.
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It is in the context of the covenant curses that our reference to heart circumcision occurs in Leviticus 26:41, revealing that Israel had an internal heart problem which led them to curse God and therefore undergo his covenant curses.
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Deuteronomy presents circumcision of the heart as important means for attaining the Deuteronomic vision of loyalty from a devoted heart.4
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Purposeful Professional Learning (Professional Learning That Shifts Practice- Part 1) -... - 10 views
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allow learners to solve relevant issues that matter to them
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the team determined a specific goal that they wanted to accomplish by the end of the day
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To guide the work time, we observed some classrooms and discussed what we noticed. Based on our goals, we set clear targets and some time boundaries to check in on progress.
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each teacher shared what they had learned, what they had created, and their actionable next steps.
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The more you empower learners, the more they will be invested in the work.
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society evolves and schools work to meet the needs of learners
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I think one of the keys here is to acknowledge that society is evolving and we need to evolve to meet the needs of society - for example, just because research shows that, for some things, handwriting helps people remember something better or reading a hard copy is easier for comprehension than a digital copy - just because research at this point confirms these concepts, that doesn't mean we don't need to provide opportunities for practice and teach learners to recall digitally written info or comprehend digital text. If that is the trend the world is moving toward, we have to move in that direction as well - or be left behind.
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purposeful
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How Clear Expectations Can Inhibit Genuine Thinking in Students | MindShift | KQED News - 45 views
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to understand better how expectations operate as a cultural force in learning groups, we have to make a distinction between two types of expectations: directives and beliefs.
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very clear standards for students about points, grades, and keeping score, one sees a belief that school is about work and that students must be coerced or bribed into learning through the use of grades
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one sees the belief that learning algebra is primarily about acquiring knowledge of procedures rather than developing understanding, and that memorization and practice are the most effective tools for that job. This theory of action, “One learns through memorization and practice,” made it hard for Karen to bring out and facilitate students’ thinking. Instead, thinking existed as an add-on to the regular rhythm of the class, something she did as an “extra” to the regular work of the class. Through her strong focus on grades and passing the course, even if one is “no good at mathematics,” Karen sent the message that our abilities are largely fixed and that “getting by” was all that some could hope to accomplish. One might not understand algebra, but with effort one could at least pass the course. Finally, in her efforts to promote order and control, certainly worthwhile and important goals in any classroom, Karen tilted the balance toward students’ becoming passive learners who were dependent on her.
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five belief sets are as follows: • Focusing students on the learning vs. the work • Teaching for understanding vs. knowledge • Encouraging deep vs. surface learning strategies • Promoting independence vs. dependence • Developing a growth vs. a fixed mindset
4 Google Keep Tips And Tricks - 54 views
3D Printing in education - Designing a better learning experience - 75 views
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How diplomas based on skill acquisition, not credits earned, could change education - T... - 15 views
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a new teaching approach here called “proficiency-based education” that was inspired by a 2012 state law.
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law requires that by 2021, students graduating from Maine high schools must show they have mastered specific skills to earn a high school diploma.
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By 2021, schools must offer diplomas based students reaching proficiency in the four core academic subject areas: English, math, science and social studies. By 2025, four additional subject areas will be included: a second language, the arts, health and physical education.
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proficiency-based idea has also created headaches at some schools for teachers trying to monitor students’ individual progress.
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Students have more flexibility to learn at their own pace and teachers get time to provide extra help for students who need it
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offer students clarity about what they have to learn and how they are expected to demonstrate they’ve learned it.
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at schools that have embraced the new system, teachers say they are finding that struggling students are seeing the biggest gains because teachers are given more time to re-teach skills and students better understand the parameters for earning a diploma.
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Deciding to believe that all students are capable of learning all of the standards, she said, “was scary.”
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students get less than a proficient score, they must go back and study the skill they missed. They are then given a chance to retake the relevant portions of the test until they earn a satisfactory score.
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We inherited a structure for schooling that was based on time and on philosophical beliefs that learning would be distributed across a bell curve,
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get crystal clear about what we want students to know and be able to do and then how to measure it.”
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RTI Talks | RTI for Gifted Students - 9 views
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learning contracts with the student focused on work that takes the students interests in to account may be helpful.
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From a parent's perspective (and sometimes from the child's), this can seem like we are "de-gifted" the child.
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The most important thing is that you have the "data" that shows what the student needs and that you are matching this with an appropriate service.
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A major shift with RTI is that there is less emphasis on the "label" and more on the provision of appropriate service.
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Ideas for differentiating reading for young children can also be found at: http://www.k8accesscenter.org/training_resources/readingdifferentiation.asp http://www.appomattox.k12.va.us/acps/attachments/6_6_12_dan_mulligan_handout.pdf
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, with high-end differentiation and expectations, we are able to support the development of potential in all students.
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This body-of-evidence can be used to support the nomination process and formal identification when appropriate.
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likely to be of particular benefit for culturally and linguistically diverse, economically disadvantaged, and twice exceptional youngsters who are currently underrepresented within gifted education.
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If we provide enrichment activities for our advanced students, won't that just increase the acheivement gap?
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One is focusing on remediation, however the second approach focuses on the nurturing of potential through creating expectations for excellence that permeate Tier 1 with extended opportunities for enrichment for all children who need them at Tier 2. With the focus on excellence, the rising tide will help all students reach their potential. This is the goal of education.
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make sure that the screener is directly related to the curriculum that you are using and that it has a high enough ceiling to allow advance learners to show what they know.
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recognizing that students who are above grade level, or advanced in their academics, also need support to thrive
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This includes learning about differentiated instruction within Tier 1and creating additional opportunities for enhancements and enrichments within Tier 2.
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This often means that the district views the school as a “high-needs” school and does feel that many children would qualify for gifted education services (thus no teacher allocation is warranted). If this is the case, then this is a problematic view as it perpetuates the myth that some groups of children are not likely to be “gifted”.
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These five differentiation strategies are as follows: Curriculum Compacting (pre-assessment of learners to see what they know) The use of Tiered Assignments that address: Mastery, Enrichment, and Challenge Tiered Learning Centers that allow children to further explore skills and concepts Independent and Small group learning contracts that allow students to follow area of interest Questioning for Higher Level thinking to stretch the minds of each child.
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first proposed as a way to help us better identify students who continue to need additional support in spite of having appropriate instructional opportunities to learn.
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children with complex sets of strengths and needs require a comprehensive evaluation that includes multiple types, sources, and time periods to create the most accurate and complete understanding of their educational needs.
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use the same icon to represent how we address the increasing intensity of academic and behavioral needs for all learners.
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Differentiated instruction is part of a strength-based approach to Tier 1, providing enriched and challenging learning opportunities for all students. However, a comprehensive RTI approach for gifted learners will also need strong Tier 2 and 3 supports and services.
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Tracking, or the fixed stratification of children into learning levels based on limited data (placing children in fixed learning groups based on a single reading score), is the opposite of RTI.
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additional learning opportunities that both challenge the learner and address high interest learning topics.
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No Grading, More Learning - 29 views
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Each week, two students led a discussion in class on the week's readings and ideas -- and those students determined whether or not their fellow students had met the standards.
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While the students are ending up with As, many of them are doing so only because they redid assignments that were judged not sufficient to the task on the first try
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changed the dynamic from "a single teaching-student interaction to multiple teacher-student/student-student interactions
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I wanted to give the feedback." But reducing the feedback to a letter grade? "It's intellectually stultifying.
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Contemplating the consequences of Constructivism - The Learner's Way - 21 views
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learning is a process which occurs within the mind of the individual as they process stimuli arriving from their sensory buffer from their environment (broadly speaking), into working memory and onward into long-term memory.
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self-guided learning or self-initiated learning
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what is significant
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independent practice
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the research on what produces effective learning supports this
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This desire is evident when we expect our learners to be scientists, historians, geographers, researchers and problem solvers/finders.
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We teach the skills of inquiry, problem solving and experimentation and then provide opportunities for independent practice.
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we have previously instructed them in
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The gradual release of responsibility model of instruction suggests that cognitive work should shift slowly and intentionally from teacher modeling, to joint responsibility between teachers and students, to independent practice and application by the learner
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It is not always the case that learning is best served when the process begins with direct instruction.
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Schools provide a rich environment within which such learning may occur
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best model can be to begin with an independent exploration of new content even when this produces failure
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schools maximise their impact on the learning that occurs
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constructivism urges teachers to ensure that the learner is at least as involved in the process as their teachers are
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Constructivism is one of those ideas we throw around in educational circles without stopping to think about what we mean by it. They are the terms that have multiple meanings, are at once highly technical and common usage and are likely to cause debate and disagreements. Constructivism in particular carries a quantity of baggage with it. It is a term that is appropriated by supporters of educational approaches that are in stark contrast to the opposing view; constructivism vs didactic methods or direct instruction. The question is what are the origins of constructivism and does a belief in this as an approach to understanding learning necessitate an abandonment of direct instruction or is this a false dichotomy?