In order to respond to learners' need for more flexible speaking opportunities and to overcome the geographical challenge of students spread over the United Kingdom and continental Western Europe, the Open University recently introduced Internet-based, real-time audio conferencing, thus making a groundbreaking move in the distance learning and teaching of languages. Since February 2002, online tutorials for language courses have been offered using Lyceum, an Internet-based audio-graphics conferencing tool developed in house.
Our research is based on the first Open University course ever to deliver tutorials solely online, a level 2 German course, and this article considers some of the challenges of implementing online tuition. As a starting point, we present the pedagogical rationale underpinning the virtual learning and teaching environment. Then we examine the process of development and implementation of online tuition in terms of activity design, tutor training, and student support. A number of methodological tools such as logbooks, questionnaires, and observations were used to gather data. The findings of this paper highlight the complexity of the organisational as well as the pedagogical framework that contributes to the effective use of online tuition via audio conferencing systems in a distance education setting.
This site presents 10 steps to universally designing online courses. There are also links to other sites (such as WebAIM) to get more information on a particular way that technology can be made more accessible for students with disabilities. This is a good quick overview of the "basics" of accessible technology, especially for students with sensory impairments (hearing and vision).
For new SLN faculty the first stage in their development as on-line
instructors is to get on-line and access the SLN Faculty Developer Gateway
(http://SLN.suny.edu/developer). There, they are introduced to the SLN
faculty development and course design processes. They participate in
a facilitated on-line conference to network with our growing community
of on-line instructors and to get the feel for on-line discussion in
the asynchronous Web environment. In stage two, faculty begin to conceptualize
their courses. They complete an on-line orientation to the Web course
environment and they also have the opportunity to observe a variety
of live on-line courses that have been selected as models to help them
get a sense of the possibilities and to get the look and feel of the
on-line classroom. Stage three is the SLN Course Development stage.
They are asked to attend three workshops. At the first workshop, faculty
receive a customized course template created in Lotus Notes, access
to our networked system and on-line resources, and a step-by-step guide
for building the components of their course. They are also assigned
an instructional design partner to work with throughout their first
course-development and delivery cycles and have access to a Help Desk
for technology support. Note that it is not until stage three of our
faculty development process that faculty are introduced to the technology
that they will use to create their course. Our primary focus is on developing
and supporting on-line faculty and effective on-line pedagogy, not on
the technology.
Getting faculty involved in the system of communicating in a new way is very effective. If we expect our students to be involved, we need to (as faculty) get immersed in communicating in these new ways to make the technology effective. Otherwise, the technology is obsolete
Student Satisfaction and Perceived Learning with On-line Courses: Principles and Examples from the SUNY Learning Network
Eric Fredericksen, Alexandra Pickett, Peter Shea
State University of New York
William Pelz
Herkimer County Community College
http://www.sloan-c.org/publications/jaln/v4n2/pdf/v4n2_fredericksen.pdf
Karen Swan
University of Albany
For example, Mel Riddile points out that when one conditions on various measures of poverty, instead of trailing other nations, the U.S. actually comes out on top! He concludes that "when it comes to school improvement, it's poverty not stupid." Poverty causes educational deficiency.
or example, Mel Riddile points out that when one conditions on various measures of poverty, instead of trailing other nations, the U.S. actually comes out on top! He concludes that "when it comes to school improvement, it's poverty not stupid." Poverty causes educational deficienc
For example, Mel Riddile points out that when one conditions on various measures of poverty, instead of trailing other nations, the U.S. actually comes out on top! He concludes that "when it comes to school improvement, it's poverty not stupid." Poverty causes educational deficiency.
Now, I like to actually have data to play around with, in part because people have been known to lie about politically charged issues and in part because I like to have nice graphs (which are not provided by Riddile). Anyway, it turns out that international poverty data is pretty hard to come by and fraught with interpretational difficulties. On the other hand, the National Assessment of Educational Progress provides test data for most of the states in the U.S., and the U.S. Census Bureau provides data on the percentage of people in poverty by state.
I took the NAEP data for 8th grade science achievement and regressed on the percentage of people below the poverty line for the measured states. The two are negatively associated: as poverty increases, science achievement scores decrease according to the relationship in the plot below.
(Alaska, Kansas, Nebraska, and Vermont did not meet NAEP reporting guidelines and are not included in the plot above.)
The association is highly significant (p=9.98*10-6).
I also took pilot NAEP data for 8th grade mathematics achievement and regressed on the percentage of people below the poverty line for the measured states. (Evidently, the NAEP has only just started testing for mathematics achievement, and only eleven states were included in their pilot.) Again, the two are negatively associated. The slope of the relation turns out to be almost exactly the same as for science achievement. The association is not as significant, but it is still significant (p=0.0186). (My guess is the association is less significant in this case because fewer states were measured.)
Clearly there is an association between poverty and achievement in science and mathem
Education has historically been a core concept in societies. Over the years we have seen founders of educational thought compromise with dated economic and social trends. Locke, Dewey, Piaget, Montessori are only some of the 'contemporary' contributors in the field. It is very difficult for the educational paradigm of the industrial age to serve the so called 'Universal Electronic Campus' of the 'digital age' as there is a movement from campus based learning to web-based distance education.
Education has historically been a core concept in societies. Over the years we have seen founders of educational thought compromise with dated economic and social trends. Locke, Dewey, Piaget, Montessori are only some of the 'contemporary' contributors in the field. It is very difficult for the educational paradigm of the industrial age to serve the so called 'Universal Electronic Campus' of the 'digital age' as there is a movement from campus based learning to web-based distance education.
Another notable trend is towards more object-based, contextual, or activity-based models of learning. It is not so much a question of building and sustaining networks as of finding the appropriate sets of things and people
and activities. CloudWorks, a product of the OU-UK, is an example of this new trend, in which objects of discourse are more important than, or at least distinct from, the networks that enable them (Galley, Conole, Dalziel, & Ghiglione, 2010).
The next step in this cycle would seem to be, logically, to enable those sets to talk back to us: to find us, guide us, and influence our learning journeys. This represents a new and different form of communication, one in which the crowd, composed of multiple intelligences, behaves as an intentional single entity.
PageRank algorithm behind a Google search works in exactly this way, taking multiple intelligent choices and combining them to provide ranked search results (Brin & Page, 2000).
it is not individuals, groups, or networks that help us to learn but a faceless intelligence that is partly made of human actions, partly of a machine’s.
We and others have described these entities in the past as collectives (Segaran, 2007).
Despite the ubiquity of such systems, what still remains unclear is how best to exploit them in learning. However, it seems at least possible that the next generation of distance education pedagogy will be enabled by technologies that make effective use of collectives.
learners and teacher collaborate to create the content of study, and in the process re-create that content for future use by others. Assessment in connectivist pedagogy combines self-reflection with teacher assessment of the contributions to the current and future courses. These contributions may be reflections, critical comments, learning objects and resources, and other digital artifacts of knowledge creation, dissemination, and problem solving.
Teaching presence in connectivist learning environments also focuses on teaching by example. The teachers’ construction of learning artifacts, critical contributions to class and external discussion, capacity to make connections across discipline and context boundaries, and the sum of their net presence serve to model connectivist presence and learning.
Special Issue - Connectivism: Design and Delivery of Social Networked Learning Terry Anderson and Jon Dron Athabasca University, Canada Abstract. This paper defines and examines three generations of distance education pedagogy.
Connectivism: Design and Delivery of Social Networked Learning Terry Anderson and Jon Dron Athabasca University, This paper defines and examines three generations of distance education pedagogy.
Three Generations of Distance Education Pedagogy [Print Version] Special Issue - Connectivism: Design and Delivery of Social Networked Learning Terry Anderson and Jon Dron Athabasca University, Canada
University and college faculty, K-12 teachers, corporate and military trainers, educational administrators, curriculum designers, technical support staff, and others who want to learn how to convert teaching or training materials currently delivered face-to-face into a completely online course or program.
Educators and trainers who already design, implement, or teach online courses who seek to update their skills and knowledge of evolving best practices in online learning.
Stanford University on artificial intelligence, to be taught this fall by two leading experts from Silicon Valley, has attracted more than 58,000 students around the globe — a class nearly four times the size of Stanford’s entire student body.
For example, the Khan Academy, which focuses on high school and middle school, intentionally turns the relationship of the classroom and homework upside down. Students watch lectures at home, then work on problem sets in class, where the teacher can assist them one on one.
Dr. Widom said that having Stanford courses freely available could both assist and compete with other colleges and universities.