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CLudio Villarreal

Cysticercosis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 0 views

  • Cysticercosis is a tissue infection caused by the pork tapeworm (Taenia solium).[1] People may have little or no symptoms for years, develop approximately one to two centimeter painless solid bumps in the skin and muscles, or have neurological symptoms if the brain is affected.[1][2] After months or years these bumps can become painful and swollen then resolve.[2] When cysts form in the brain it is known as neurocysticercosis.[3] In the developing world this is one of the most common cause of seizures.[2]
  • The disease is usually spread by eating foods or water that contains the tapeworm's eggs.[1] The foods most commonly believed to be the cause are uncooked vegetables.
  • Taeniasis is due to eating cysts in poorly cooked pork.
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  • Preventing the infection involves: cooking pork well, proper toilets and improved access to clean water.
  • In some cases, cysticerci may be found in the globe, extraocular muscles, and subconjunctiva. Depending on the location, they may cause visual difficulties that fluctuate with eye position, retinal edema, hemorrhage, a decreased vision or even a visual loss.[7][12]
  • Subcutaneous cysts are in the form of firm, mobile nodules, occurring mainly on the trunk and extremities.[13] Subcutaneous
  • Cysticercosis also affects pigs and cows but rarely causes symptoms as most do not live long enough.[1] The disease has occurred in humans throughout history.[5]
  • nodules are sometimes painfu
  • Cysticerci can develop in any voluntary muscle in humans.[7] Invasion of muscle by cysticerci can cause myositis, with fever, eosinophilia, and muscular pseudohypertrophy, which initiate with muscle swelling and later progress to atrophy and fibrosis.[7] In most cases, it is asymptomatic since the cysticerci die and become calcified.
  • The term neurocysticercosis is generally accepted to refer to cysts in the parenchyma of the brain. It presents with seizures and, less commonly, headaches.[8] Cysticerca in brain parenchyma are usually 5–20 mm in diameter. In subarachnoid space and fissures, lesions may be as large as 6 cm in diameter and lobulated.
    • CLudio Villarreal
       
      Cysticerosis is a disease in the brain tissue that is caused by the pork tapeworm.Some people have few symptoms and some may have many for various years.People get little bumps on the skin and muscle, or you could have neurological symptoms if the brain is affected by the worm.After the years the bumps become painful and after some time they resolve.A cluster of cells then form in the brain, and that is one of the most common cause of surgeries in the world of today.The desiase is usually spread by vegetables that contain the tapeworms eggs, although it is believed that the most common cause of disease are eating uncooked vegetables.
    • CLudio Villarreal
       
      Some of the time, a cluster of cells form in the eye, when the globe gets infected it may suffer visual loss.The bumps often occur in the trunk and the extremities.
    • CLudio Villarreal
       
      There is a vaccine for pigs to try and remove Cystisercosis. These vaccines prove to be very effective, these treatments can completely destroy cysticercosis. The cure is developing but can you imagine injecting all the pigs in the world? That would require a lot of money and it would be far grater challenge finding all the pigs in the world.
garzat5774

How birds fly | Sciencelearn Hub - 0 views

  • Birds have many physical features, besides wings, that work together to enable them to fly. They need lightweight, streamlined, rigid structures for flight. The four forces of flight – weight, lift, drag and thrust – affect the flight of birds.
  • Flying birds have: lightweight, smooth feathers – this reduces the forces of weight and drag a beak, instead of heavy, bony jaws and teeth – this reduces the force of weight an enlarged breastbone called a sternum for flight muscle attachment – this helps with the force of thrust light bones – a bird’s bones are basically hollow with air sacs and thin, tiny cross pieces to make bones stronger – this reduces the force of weight a rigid skeleton to provide firm attachments for powerful flight muscles – this helps with the force of thrust a streamlined body – this helps reduce the force of drag wings – these enable the force of lift.
  • WingsThe shape of a bird’s wing is important for producing lift. The increased speed over a curved, larger wing area creates a longer path of air. This means the air is moving more quickly over the top surface of the wing, reducing air pressure on the top of the wing and creating lift. Also, the angle of the wing (tilted) deflects air downwards, causing a reaction force in the opposite direction and creating lift.Larger wings produce greater lift than smaller wings. So smaller-winged birds (and planes) need to fly faster to maintain the same lift as those with larger wings.Wing loading tells you how fast a bird or plane must fly to be able to maintain lift: wing loading = weight/wing area (kilograms per square metre).A smaller wing loading number means the bird/plane can fly more slowly while still maintaining lift and is more manoeuvrable.
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  • GlidingWhen a bird is gliding, it doesn’t have to do any work. The wings are held out to the side of the body and do not flap. As the wings move through the air, they are held at a slight angle, which deflects the air downwards and causes a reaction in the opposite direction, which is lift. But there is also drag (air resistance) on the bird’s body, so every now and then, the bird has to tilt forward and go into a slight dive so that it can maintain forward speed.
  • SoaringSoaring flight is a special kind of glide in which the bird flies in a rising air current (called a thermal). Because the air is rising, the bird can maintain its height relative to the ground. The albatross uses this type of soaring to support its multi-year voyages at sea.
  • FlappingBirds’ wings flap with an up-and-down motion. This propels them forward. The entire wingspan has to be at the right angle of attack, which means the wings have to twist (and do so automatically) with each downward stroke to keep aligned with the direction of travel.
  • Birds obtain thrust by using their strong muscles and flapping their wings. Some birds may use gravity (for example, jumping from a tree) to give them forward thrust for flight. Others may use a running take-off from the ground.
  • Different birds have different adaptive features to meet their flight needs: Some birds are small and can manipulate their wings and tail to manoeuvre easily, such as the fantail (pīwakawaka). The hawk, with its large wingspan, is capable of speed and soaring. Gannets and seabirds are streamlined to dive at high speeds into the ocean for fish. Godwits, although small, are equipped to fly long distances.
    • garzat5774
       
      birds have some chacteristics that help them fly, birds are light weighted they have light feathers insted of heavy ones that add more weight to their bodys, they also have a beak insted of jaws that also add weight to their boddys, thay have hollow bones in their body that means that the bone has nothing inside it
    • garzat5774
       
      birds get ready to fly by flapping their wings, some birds use "gravity" to take of some run and they jump just like an airplane and others jump from a tree and then start flapping their winds
Esteban Cantu

Moons of Jupiter - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 0 views

  • For two decades no additional moons were discovered; but between October 1999 and February 2003, researchers using sensitive ground-based detectors found and later named another 34 moons,
    • Esteban Cantu
       
      On 1999 to 2003 34 more moons of jupiter were discovered.
  • The moons' physical and orbital characteristics vary widely. The four Galileans are all over 3,100 kilometres (1,900 mi) in diameter; the largest Galilean, Ganymede, is the ninth largest object in the Solar System, after the Sun and seven of the planets (Ganymede being larger than Mercury). All other Jovian moons are less than 250 kilometres (160 mi) in diameter, with most barely exceeding 5 kilometres (3.1 mi). Orbital shapes range from nearly perfectly circular to highly eccentric and inclined, and many revolve in the direction opposite to Jupiter's spin (retrograde motion). Orbital periods range from seven hours (taking less time than Jupiter does to spin around its axis), to some three thousand times more (almost three Earth years).
    • Esteban Cantu
       
      Ganymede, one of Jupiter's four galilean moons, is bigger than Mercury. 
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  • Main group or Galilean moons: Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto. They are some of the largest objects in the Solar System outside the Sun and the eight planets in terms of mass and larger than any known dwarf planet, and Ganymede exceeds the planet Mercury in diameter.
    • Esteban Cantu
       
      4 of Jupiter's moons, the galilean moons, are some of the largest objects in our universe.
garza6544

How are rainbows made? - 0 views

  • The birth of each rainbow begins with millions of tiny rain droplets.  The rain droplets serve as a type of reflector of light.  White light enters one individual rain droplet and exits as one specific color of the spectrum.  Without millions of rain droplets, a rainbow would not occur.  If you only had a few rain droplets you would only see a few colors.  This is typically why rainbow appear after a rain storm
  • Each rain droplet has a function in the formation of the rainbow. Sunlight enters the rain droplet at a specific angle and the rain droplet separates the white light into many different colors.  This angle is a fixed measurement between your eye
  • and the sun.  What color is refracted depends upon the critical angle,                   which is the angle the sunlight strikes the back of the rain droplet.  Red light bends the least, exiting the rain droplet at a 42 degree angle, while Violet light bends the most, exiting the rain droplet at a 40 degree angle.  All of the other colors of the rainbow exit the rain droplets at some angle between 40 and 42 degrees, thus making up the colors of the rainbow ROYGBIV, this order never changes.
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  • Each rain droplet reflects all colors at a given point and time, but only one color comes back to your eye, requiring million of rain droplets to create a rainbow.  As the rain droplets fall through the sky, the colors of the spectrum being reflected and refracted are constantly changing.
  • The perfect time and place to look for a rainbow you need bright sunlight to your back and rain clouds off in the distance in the direction of your shadow. If it is later than 4:30 in the afternoon or earlier than 8:30 in the morning at these condition there is a very good chance you will be able to see a rainbow in the sky.  Other places you may see rainbows formed are fountains, in the ocean as the waves crash against the rock which create a mist in the air, waterfalls, sprinklers and mist from a garden hose. Always remember to have the sun at your back to see a rainbow, happy rainbow hunting!!!!!!
  • Rainbows form a complete circle, however only half is visible.  The horizon only  Picture from the web site of the Department of Physics and Astronomy, Arizona State University                                                             allows us to see half of the rainbow circle, so we see just an arc.  What causes the rainbow to have a circular formation is the way that rain droplets fall.  The rain droplets do not fall is flat sheet, however they tend to fall at various distances and speeds.  On some occasions you can see a full circle around a garden hose.
    • garza6544
       
      each rainbow is made by millions of rain droplets. the rain droplets make a reflect of light and it makes different colors. While light comes in a specific Droplet then it makes a specific color. Without milions and milions of rain droplets the rainbow cant be formed. If you only have a few rain droplets then you will only see a few colors. This is the reason why they happen after a rain storm.
  • function
    • garza6544
       
      Each rain droplet that rains  is always useful to make a rainbow because every rainbow needs to do something different to make a rainbow. The rain droplets separates the light into different colors.
lopez5891

Dolphin - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 0 views

  • Dolphins are cetacean mammals closely related to whales and porpoises. There are almost forty species of dolphin in 17 genera. They vary in size from 1.2 m (4 ft) and 40 kg (90 lb) (Maui's dolphin), up to 9.5 m (30 ft) and 10 tonnes (9.8 long tons; 11 short tons) (the orca or killer whale). They are found worldwide, mostly in the shallower seas of the continental shelves and are carnivores, eating mostly fish and squid. The family Delphinidae, the largest in the order Cetacea, evolved relatively recently, about ten million years ago during the Miocene.
lobo5879

instaGrok - 0 views

  • Nightmares tend to happen during the second half of a night's sleep, when REM intervals are longer. [source]
  • Nightmares are rarely prescriptive, meaning they are not signs that something bad will happen.
  • Nightmares are frightening dreams that usually awaken the sleeper from REM sleep. [source]
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  • Nightmares can reveal fears that are keeping you from moving forward. [source]
  • Nightmares tend to occur after several hours of sleep, screaming or moving about is very uncommon, the dream is usually elaborate and intense, and the dreamer realizes soon after wakening that he or she has had a dream. [source]
marino5856

Clocks - How Time Works - 1 views

  • A day consists of two 12-hour periods, for a total of 24 hours. An hour consists of 60 minutes. A minute consists of 60 seconds. Seconds are subdivided on a decimal system into things like "hundredths of a second" or "millionths of a second."
    • marino5856
       
      There is 24 hours in a day because  they first divided 60 and that equals 12. So 12 plus 12 equals 24 so thats how they had 24 hours in a day.
  • hat's a pretty bizarre way to divide a day up. We divide it in half, then divide the halves by twelfths, then divide the twelfths into sixtieths, then divide by 60 again, and then convert to a decimal system for the smallest increments. It's no wonder children have trouble learning how to tell time.
  • How long is a day? It's the amount of time it takes for the Earth to rotate one time on its axis. But how long does it take the Earth to rotate? That is where things become completely arbitrary. The world has decided to standardize on the following increments:
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  • Why are there 24 hours in a day? No one really knows. However, the tradition goes back a long way. Take, for example, this quote from Encyclopedia Britannica:
  • Why are there 60 minutes in an hour and 60 seconds in a minute? Again, it is unclear. It is known, however, that Egyptians once used a calendar that had 12 30-day months, giving them 360 days. This is believed to be the reason why we now divide circles into 360 degrees. Dividing 360 by 6 gives you 60, and 60 is also a base number in the Babylonian math system.
    • marino5856
       
      The Egyptians had a calendar that has 12 months so that equals 360 day in total. Also science they new that there is 360 days in a year thats why a circle is 360 degrees. The Roman people invented that so that in the clock there is not 24 hours in a clock so there is 12 am and 12pm.
  • What do a.m. and p.m. mean? These abbreviations stand for ante meridiem, before midday, and post meridiem, after midday, and they are a Roman invention. According to Daniel Boorstin in his book The Discoverers, this simple division of the day into two parts was the Romans' first increment of time within a day:
guzman5862

The Healing Properties of Tears: 7 Good Reasons to Cry Your Eyes Out - Beyond Blue - 0 views

  • 1. Tears help us see. Starting with the most basic function of tears, they enable us to see. Literally. Tears not only lubricate our eyeballs and eyelids, they also prevent dehydration of our various mucous membranes. No lubrication, no eyesight. Writes Bergman: “Without tears, life would be drastically different for humans–in the short run enormously uncomfortable, and in the long run eyesight would be blocked out altogether.”
  • 2. Tears kill bacteria. No need for Clorox wipes. We’ve got tears! Our own antibacterial and antiviral agent working for us, fighting off all the germs we pick up on community computers, shopping carts, public sinks, and all those places the nasty little guys make their homes and procreate. Tears contain lysozyme, a fluid that the germ-a-phobic dreams about in her sleep, because it can kill 90 to 95 percent of all bacteria in just five to 10 minutes! Which translates, I’m guessing, to three months’ worth of colds and stomach viruses.
  • 3. Tears remove toxins. Biochemist William Frey, who has been researching tears for as long as I’ve been searching for sanity, found in one
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  • study that emotional tears–those formed in distress or grief–contained more toxic byproducts than tears of irritation (think onion peeling). Are tears toxic then? No! They actually remove toxins from our body that build up courtesy of stress. They are like a natural therapy or massage session, but they cost a lot less!
  • 4. Crying can elevate mood. Do you know what your manganese level is? No, neither do I. But chances are that you will feel better if it’s lower because overexposure to manganese can cause bad stuff: anxiety, nervousness, irritability, fatigue, aggression, emotional disturbance and the rest of the feelings that live inside my happy head rent-free. The act of crying can lower a person’s manganese level. And just like with the toxins I mentioned in my last point, emotional tears contain 24 percent higher albumin protein concentration–responsible for transporting many small molecules (which has to be a good thing, right?)–than irritation tears.
  • 5. Crying lowers stress. Tears really are like perspiration in that exercising and crying both relieve stress. For real. In his article, Bergman explains that tears remove some of the chemicals built up in the body from stress, like the endorphin leucine-enkaphalin and prolactin, the hormone I overproduce because of my pituitary tumor that affects my mood and stress tolerance. The opposite is true too. Bergman writes, “Suppressing tears increases stress levels, and contributes to diseases aggravated by stress, such as high blood pressure, heart problems, and peptic ulcers.
  • 6. Tears build community. In her “Science Digest” article, writer Ashley Montagu argued that crying not only contributes to good health, but it also builds community. I know what you’re thinking: “Well, yeah, but not the right kind of community. I mean, I might ask the woman bawling her eyes out behind me in church what’s wrong or if I can help her, but I’m certainly not going to invite her to dinner.” I beg to differ. As a prolific crier, especially on video, I always come away astounded by the comments … the resounding support of people I know all that well, and the level of intimacy exchanged among them. Read for yourselves some of the comments on both my self-esteem video and my recent death and dying video and you’ll appreciate my point. Tears help communication and foster community.
  • 7. Tears release feelings. Even if you haven’t just been through something traumatic or are severely depressed, the average Jo goes through his day accumulating conflicts and resentments. Sometimes they gather inside the limbic system of the brain and in certain corners of the heart. Crying is cathartic. It lets the devils out. Before they wreak all kind of havoc with the nervous and cardiovascular systems. Writes John Bradshaw in his bestseller “Home Coming”: “All these feelings need to be felt. We need to stomp and storm; to sob and cry; to perspire and tremble.” Amen, Brother Bradford!
Diego Hinojosa

Solar System - Facts and Information about the Planets and Solar System - 0 views

  • At the heart of the solar system is our sun. The four planets nearest it are rocky, terrestrial worlds — Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars. After that are four gas giants — Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. Between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter lies the asteroid belt, which includes the dwarf planet Ceres. Beyond the orbit of Neptune one finds the disk-shaped Kuiper belt, in which dwarf planet Pluto resides, and far beyond that is the giant, spherical Oort Cloud and the teardrop-shaped heliopause. See the structure of the solar system (infographic).
    • Diego Hinojosa
       
      On the solar system there are 8 planets Earth, Venus,Mercury,Neptune,Saturn, Uranus,Jupiter and also Mars.There are the "terrestrial planets" who are Earth,Mars,Venus and Mercury. There are the bigger planets who are called "gas giants" witch are Jupiter, Saturn,Uranus and Neptune.
garza6544

How do broken bones heal? - HowStuffWorks - 0 views

  • If you experience engine trouble, you take your car to a mechanic. If your pipes leak, you call a plumber. And if you fracture a leg, the usual course of action is to visit a doctor. But unlike other things that may break in life, bones begin healing on their own before you even set foot in a waiting room.The human body possesses amazing healing powers that enable it to bounce back from a vast array of illnesses and injuries. Sometimes broken bones can heal so thoroughly within a few months that even an x-ray can't determine the original fracture line.Doctors often play a vital, sometimes lifesaving, role in a bone's healing process. But, these experts basically help the body heal itself. Doctors provide optimal conditions for bone repair and healing to take place. The rest is up to your cells.But how does this amazing biological process work? How can a fractured limb grow back to its former strength? To understand, you first have to take a closer look at just what bones are made of and how alive they really are.
Nany Rocha

Stanford research: The meaningful life is a road worth traveling - 2 views

  • One can find meaning in life and be unhappy at the same time. Aaker points out that this type of life has received less attention in the media, which has recently focused on how to cultivate the happy life.  Examples of highly meaningful, but not necessarily happy, lives may include nursing, social work or even activism. The unhappy but meaningful life involves difficult undertakings and can be characterized by stress, struggle and challenges. However, while sometimes unhappy in the moment, these people – connected to a larger sense of purpose and value – make positive contributions to society. Happiness without meaning is characterized by a relatively shallow and often self-oriented life, in which things go well, needs and desires are easily satisfied, and difficult or taxing entanglements are avoided, the report noted. And so, the meaningful life guides actions from the past through the present to the future, giving one a sense of direction. It offers ways to value good and bad alike, and gives us justifications for our aspirations. From achieving our goals to regarding ourselves in a positive light, a life of meaningfulness is considerably different than mere happiness. "People have strong inner desires that shape their lives with purpose and focus – qualities that ultimately make for a uniquely human experience," said Aaker.
    • Nany Rocha
       
      Happiness comes from having stuff only if you think about happiness like that. Happiness actually comes from not being stressed and trying to be with your family.
    • Nany Rocha
       
      People think that happiness comes from having phones,toys,etc.but thats the problem,Thanks to other peoples blogs and myths people think that the only way to be happy is from having stuff,and from having the "Happiness stuff" comes being "Buried alive".
    • Nany Rocha
       
      Being happy is not about having stuff,its about being with your family,Happiness is the best thing that can happen to anybody.Happiness is kind of the meaning of life,it gives us a meaning of what to do and when to do it.Happiness gives us a path to life,happiness is when you are with your family,happiness helps us understand that we can do better than what we already do.Happiness as you know doesn't come from having stuff,
    • morales5853
       
      no
    • Nany Rocha
       
      Happiness is also known as a goal of life.It represents us as who we are. Happiness shows on our face.It makes other people see our pride sometimes other people feel our pride so much that they show their pride,and the happiness influence goes and goes until at some point it stops.nI clearly think that if it wasn't for happiness,pride and making our goals (Not soccer goals) we would still be cavemen and cavewomen because without them we would be terrible we would feel stupid we would feel so dum that not even Benjamin Franklin would've created the light because he probably would've felt stupid. So thats why being happy is important because without happiness we wouldn't have accomplished anything.And look at us now we already went to the moon we made a tv we made a telephone and now we have iphones.it all happened thanks to our 1 and greatest feeling:Happiness.
    • Nany Rocha
       
      Sometimes people feel sad and depressed so they go to the mall and go buy clothes and other items,then they claim to be relaxed and happy but Jennifer Aaker proved that its not true.In fact she proved that there are lots of ways to be happy but only 1 way is the most true hearted : Social work and also being with your family.But you cant be happy by just standing besides your family,you would have to be social with them.
  • A Stanford research project explored the key differences between lives of happiness and meaningfulness. While the two are similar, dramatic differences exist – and one should not underestimate the power of meaningfulness. "The quest for meaning is a key part of what makes us human," the researchers concluded.
    • Nany Rocha
       
      A Stanford research project explored the key differences between lives of happiness and meaningfulness. While the two are similar, dramatic differences exist - and one should not underestimate the power of meaningfulness. "The quest for meaning is a key part of what makes us human," the researchers concluded. BY CLIFTON B. PARKER Social psychologist Jennifer Aaker studies happiness and meaningfulness in life. While lives of meaningfulness and happiness overlap, they are distinctly different, according to Stanford research. But not everybody understands that happiness comes from within not from having or buying stuff. 50% of the world population (Not counting the babies) thinks that the more stuff they got or get the happier they'll be!But of course that we the "smart" population think otherwise. Social psychologist Jennifer Aaker has studied her whole life everything about happiness and she taught us that happiness comes from within happiness comes from smiling everyday from being social with friends or family.Happiness doesn't come from having stuff not at all!! Happiness is the greatest gift of all,happiness isnt just a feeling,happiness is a friendly shadow that follows you everywhere only if you let it.
    • Nany Rocha
       
      The Stanford research project of Jennifer Aaker explains how to get happiness and why it is important.But now I realize that not everybody understands that happiness comes from within not from having or buying stuff. 50% of the world population (Not counting the babies) thinks that the more stuff they got or get the happier they'll be!But of course that we the "smart" population think otherwise. Social psychologist Jennifer Aaker has studied her whole life everything about happiness and she taught us that happiness comes from within happiness comes from smiling everyday from being social with friends or family.Happiness doesn't come from having stuff not at all!! Happiness is the greatest gift of all,happiness isn't just a feeling,happiness is a friendly shadow that follows you everywhere only if you let it.When I say that happiness is a shadow following you only if you let it its because this days happiness is a complete shadow.Not everybody is happy and someday we might never feel happiness ever again,But while I get off topic you should think : "Wow,I should listen to her.I should be grateful for what I already have, instead of getting more stuff." Because the more you think about it the more you understand that happiness is our path to life.that happiness is our friend happiness is our heart that keeps us alive.Thats why we smile thats why we cry thats why we love laugh and live. Without happiness we would be grumpier than the grumpiest cat.We should think more about being grateful than thinking of what to buy to be happy.
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    A bit boring but i hope its helpful!
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    A bit boring but i hope its helpful!
Nany Rocha

Stereotypes Examples - Examples Of Stereotypes - 0 views

  • Whenever we don't have a good understanding of a subject, say, of people or countries, then we tend to make assumptions about them. Stereotype is nothing but those assumptions that have become common knowledge. Whenever you make judgments about people without knowing them, you are stereotyping them. Stereotyping makes people generalize things. More often, they are all false assumptions. Though there are both positive and negative stereotypes, a majority of them are offensive. People generally stereotype out of bias against a particular group of people or religion. Stereotyping becomes a way of conveying their dislike. Of course, stereotyping stems from a commonly held view of a particular group or race. This view may arise from an incident or false assumption, and then maybe used to color the entire community with the same brush. There are various types of stereotypes. However, the most common ones are racial stereotypes and gender stereotypes. Race, nationality, gender and sexual orientation are the main factors of stereotyping. Stereotyping must be avoided at all costs, as it leads to treating groups as a single entity. Given below are examples of stereotypes that people commonly use.
  • Examples Of Stereotypes Negative Stereotypes All blond women are dumb. All red heads are sluts. Christians are homophobic. They are blinded by God and will recruit you if you go near them. All politicians are philanders and think only of personal gain and benefit. If I wear Goth clothing I'm a part of a rock band, depressed, or do drugs. Girls are only concerned about physical appearance. Guys are messy and unclean. Men who spend too much time on the computer or read are geeks. Men who are not into sports are termed as gay. All librarians are women who are old, wear glasses, tie a high bun, and have a perpetual frown on their face. Girls are not good at sports. All teenagers are rebels. All children don't enjoy healthy food. Only anorexic women can become models. Women who smoke and drink do not have morals. Men who like pink are effeminate.
  • Positive Stereotypes All Blacks are great basketball players. All Asians are geniuses. All Indians are deeply spiritual. All Latinos dance well. All Whites are successful. Asians have high IQs. They are smarter than most in Math and Science. These people are more likely to succeed in school. African Americans can dance. All Canadians are exceptionally polite. French are romantic. All Asians know kung fu. All African American men are well endowed. Italians are good lovers
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  • types Women Women always smell good. Women take forever to do anything. Women are more brilliant than men. Women are always moody. Women try to work out problems while men take immediate action. All women like the color pink. All women like dolls. Women become cheerleaders. Women take 2 hours to shower. Women hog the bathroom. Women love mirrors. Women like make-up. Women are fussy about their hair. Women work in department stores. Women like fashion magazines. Women are discrete about intimacy. Women do not drive well. Women never take chances. Women always talk too much on the phone. Women actually use only 5% of what's in their purse. Everything else is junk. Only women can be nurses.
  • Men Only men can be doctors. Men are stronger and more aggressive. Men are better at sports. Men hate reading. Men always have an "I don't care" attitude. Men don't get grossed out by scrapes and bruises. Men are tough. Men are thickheaded. Men like cars. Men become jocks in high school. Men take 2 seconds to shower. Men like hats. Men could care less if they become bald. Men wear whatever is clean. Men usually work in messy places. Men like car or porn magazines. Men brag about intimacy. Men take too many chances. Men always lose all arguments against girls. Every race, culture, country, religion and a community has a stereotype. It is a way of oversimplifying groups of people. It is one of the easiest ways of establishing identity. By conforming to a fixed or conventional image, the identity can be recognized and understood. And, herein lies the problem. It's hard to be objective if one doesn't reject stereotypes. So, it is better not to use any stereotype and pass judgments only when you are familiar with others.
  • Every race, culture, country, religion and a community has a stereotype.
  • Every race, culture, country, religion and a community has a stereotype.
    • Nany Rocha
       
      Every region and race has a stereotype.It is a way of sometimes insulting but also simplifying.But is actually better to not talk or show someone stereotypes because it could be a judgment and you could hurt others if you really know them. 
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    It describes what kinds of stereotypes there is
Nany Rocha

Gender Focus | The History of Pink for Girls and Blue for Boys - 1 views

  • But did you know that pink hasn’t always been a colour for girls, or blue for boys? In Michael Kimmel’s outstanding Manhood in America: A Cultural History, he points out that clothing wasn’t colour-coded in America until the early twentieth century, before which little boys and girls were dressed pretty much identically. Even when people started pushing for more gender-specific children’s clothing, there was a huge debate over which colour to assign to which gender. It started out with boys wearing pink or red because the colours were seen to indicate strength, while girls wore blue because they were “flighty” like the sky. From a 1918 editorial called “Pink or Blue” cited by Kimmel:
    • Nany Rocha
       
      Michael Kimmel pointed out that color coding wasn't used in the vintage america.In fact little boys and little girls used to dress up the same way.But then people wanted to make little kids use specific colored clothes.It started with boys wearing pink or red stuff because the colors where supposed to symbolize strength,while girls used blue because it was soft and dainty (Delicate).
  • So basically the colours changed based on which colour was seen to denote the strength of boys and delicacy of girls, but the idea that those traits are inborn and inalienable did not. It’s not just clothes: walk through the girls’ section of any Toys R Us and you’ll see shelf after shelf of pink, pink, pink. While little girls enjoy some leeway to play with blue toys, many boys get mocked if they want to play with pink “girls’ toys” and sometimes their parents and relatives start panicking that they might even grow up to be (gasp) gay. The fact that parents worry about the sexuality of their kids at all is crazy enough in itself, but that’s for another time. Back to colour-coding.
  • If you think boys and girls just forget about coding gender based on colour once they hit puberty, you’d be wrong. Maricopa County Sheriff Joe Arpaio made headlines when he started forcing male inmates to wear pink underwear to humiliate them. He says it’s a deterrent to reoffending because inmates don’t want to come back and be forced to wear pink again. How screwed up is it that we’ve given a colour so much meaning in less than 100 years that it would make grown male criminals tremble just to think about wearing it?
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  • his is about more than policing convicts, it’s about policing the boundaries of masculinity and reinforcing homophobia. Kimmel states: “Homophobia is more than the irrational fear of homosexuals…[it] is the fear of other men – that other men will unmask us, emasculate us, reveal to us and the world that we do not measure up, are not real men.” The pink and blue shoe keychains might not seem like a big deal, and indeed most people don’t think twice about them. But imagine how much harder it could be for some trans and intersex people to negotiate a restroom ritual like this. Gender-neutral washrooms are a big step towards fixing this issue, but so is realizing that blue-pink colour coding is just the tip of the iceberg of things we use to arbitrarily divide “masculine” from “feminine”.
    • Nany Rocha
       
      Gender stereotypes are something that might not seem important,but actually it is a bit important because it kind of symbolizes what a girl or boy will or would use as clothes or other things.I really think that all this stereotypes are dum because it actually doesn't make sense.
guzman5862

Automobile safety - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 0 views

  • Automobile safety is the study and practice of design, construction, equipment and regulation to minimize the occurrence and consequences of automobile accidents. Road traffic safety more broadly includes roadway design. One of the first formal academic studies into improving vehicle safety was by Cornell Aeronautical Labs of Buffalo, New York. The main conclusion of their extensive report is the crucial importance of seat belts and padded dashboards.[1] However, the primary vector of traffic-related deaths and injuries is the disproportionate mass and velocity of an automobile compared to that of the predominant victim, the pedestrian.[citation needed] In the United States a pedestrian is injured by an automobile every 8 minutes, and are 1.5 times more likely than a vehicle's occupants to be killed in an automobile crash per outing.[2]
    • guzman5862
       
      In the cars you need to be safe and they are made like that for a reason so that you are safe and for the system inside the car is safe. A lot of persons have been dead for the cause of trafic because they get too much desperate that they try to go fast but they crash, thats why they had decided to make sit belts. The system inside the car is really little and thats why the car has a lot of things around it and the car is made like that for a reason like an oval so that they crash them with the car is suposed to not happen anything. 
Diego Hinojosa

Saturn -- Britannica School - 0 views

  • Saturn was named after the ancient Roman god of agriculture. His counterpart in ancient Greek mythology was Cronus, the father of Zeus (the counterpart of the Roman god Jupiter). The planet Jupiter is Saturn’s nearest neighbor and the closest to it in size and composition. Like Jupiter, Saturn is a giant world formed mainly of hydrogen with no solid surface. It has a massive atmosphere, or surrounding layer of gases, with complex weather patterns. ESA/NASA/JPL/University of ArizonaESA/NASA/JPL/University of Arizona The planet’s extensive system of icy moons includes nine major moons and dozens of small ones. Some of the moons help create the rings and maintain their shape. Titan, the largest of Saturn’s moons, is bigger than the planet Mercury. It is the only moon in the solar system known to have a dense atmosphere.
    • Diego Hinojosa
       
      Saturn is the planet that has a lot of similarities to jupiter it dosen't have a solid surface. I't, with jupiter are the only planet with no solid surface it has a very harsh atmosphere.
    • Diego Hinojosa
       
      Saturn has a lot of similarities with Jupiter.They both don't have a solid surface they are both made of no more than oxygen etc. It has a massive and harsh atmosphere and it is the biggest planet with jupiter. Saturn has rings inside of the rings it has a mixture of things like sand and other materials.
marino5856

hour (unit of time) -- Encyclopedia Britannica - 0 views

  • in timekeeping
  • 3,600 seconds, now defined in terms of radiation emitted from atoms of the element cesium under specified conditions. The hour was formerly defined as the 24th part of a mean solar day—i.e., of the average period of rotation of the Earth relative to the Sun. The hour of sidereal time, 1/24 of the Earth’s rotation period relative to the stars, was about 10 seconds shorter than the hour of mean solar time.
    • marino5856
       
      It also has 24 hours the earth because in the system of the egyptians it said that it also has 24 hours because of the earth spinning.
  • In even earlier systems of timekeeping, an hour was 1/12 of a period of daylight or darkness—hence, variable in length with seasonal changes in the length of day and night. The custom of dividing the cycle of day and night into 24 periods seems to have originated with the ancient Egyptians.
guzman5862

The Mariners' Museum | EXPLORATION through the AGES - 0 views

  • Marco Polo was a Venetian, but where he was actually born is not known with complete certainty. He was born in either the city of Venice or the city of Korcula, Croatia. In Polo’s day, the city was called Curzola, Venetian Dalmatia. Regardless of where he was born though, Marco was raised in Venice, and was Venetian by culture. Marco came from a family of explorers and traders, but it was his name that has become so famous because he took the time to write about all of his adventures.
  • His father, Nicolo, and his uncle, Maffio, moved around Eastern Europe searching for a place to safely do business trading Eastern goods to the West. Eventually, in 1264, Nicolo and Maffio were sent by Ilkhan Hulagu of Bukhara (one of the minor Khans of the Mongolian Empire) on a mission to visit his brother Kublai, the Great Khan. After traveling for two years, they finally reached Khanbaliq (modern-day Beijing). The Polos were sent back from the Khan with a Mongolian ambassador, Koeketei. The Khan wanted them to carry a message to the Pope, asking for a team of Westerners to come and teach Western culture and Christianity to those under his rule. They were unable to immediately fulfill this request because there was a three-year gap, from 1268 to 1271, during which there was no Pope to whom to carry this message. After Pope Gregory X was selected in 1271, the Polos left on their second journey.
Eugenio Ferrara

The Mariners' Museum | EXPLORATION through the AGES - 0 views

  • d. He had brothers, Thorvald and Thorstein, and a half-sister, Freydis. In the year 999 BCE, Ericsson sailed to Norway to visit King Olaf Trygvson. On his way the ship was blown off course and he landed on one of the Hebrides islands. Continuing poor weather made it impossible for him to leave so he spent the summer on the island.
  • . She gave birth to his son and as his departure date drew near, she asked that he take her with him. He refused, citing her family connections. Thorgunna had a reputation for being able to predict the future, and vowed that even though Leif was leaving them, one day she and their son would journey to find him and the experience would not be a good one.
  • , while other sources claim that when the boy was old enough to travel, he found Leif.
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  • What is known for certain is that Leif and the boy eventually found each other and the young man was recognized as his son.
  • Nevertheless, Leif left the island and got to Norway by the fall. King Olaf welcomed him to his court and asked if Leif had plans for a voyage to Greenland. The king had recently been converted to Christianity and wanted Leif to proclaim Christianity to the Norse settlers living in Greenland, including his parents. He returned to Greenland, and as the king wished, spread the message of Christianity. Leif’s mother, Thjodhild, quickly adopted the new religion, but his father, Eric, was reluctant to give up his pagan beliefs. Only when Thjodhild refused to live with
  • him as man and wife, did Eric the Red finally convert to Christianity.
  • Leif Eiriksson’s exploration and discovery of America was inspired by the accidental voyage of Bjarni Herjulfson.
  • As a skilled sailor and trader, Herjulfson had devoted himself to going on trading voyages from Iceland every other year
  • In 1002 BCE, Leif Eiriksson decided to explore the unknown lands discovered by Herjulfson while on the quest for his father.
  • Leif bought a ship from Bjarni and gathered a crew of thirty-five men.
  • Eric, his father, was approached about being the expedition leader. A fall from a horse prior to embarking convinced Eric that he would be unlucky on the voyage and that he was too old to set off on another adventure. Leif himself took command and the ship and crew departed.
  • The first country Leif encountered was the last one Herjulfson had seen. It was barren, with glacier-topped mountains and vast stretches of rock-covered ground
  • Initiating the practice of naming the lands he found after their geological and physical traits, he called this area Helluland, or “land of flat rocks.” (Labrador)
  • The second country Leif sailed to was level and wooded, with deep white beaches and a sloping shoreline. He called this place Markland (Newfoundland) or “forest land.” Leaving there, he sailed northeast. He found an island north of the mainland. He and his crew sailed the channel between the island and mainland and steered west. When they found land they went ashore, discovering a small river that flowed to the sea. They returned, took the ship up the river to a lake where they decided to build houses, and stayed through the winter.
  • The area had salmon in the river and lake; the winter was mild and almost frost-free, and the grass did not wither during the cold season.
  • The hours of daylight and nighttime were more equally divided than in either Iceland or Greenland
  • Leif divided his crew in half, determined to explore the area. Half would stay in camp while the other half went as a group to investigate the surroundings. The exploration crew was to go no further than the distance they could travel in order to return to camp by nightfall.
  • to explore the area. Half would stay in camp while the other half went as a group to investigate the surroundings. The exploration crew was to go no further than the distance they could travel in order to return to camp by nightfall.
lobo5879

Why Do Some People Have Differently Colored Eyes? - 0 views

  • The instance of a person having two differently colored eyes is pretty uncommon, just 11 out of every 1,000 Americans. This uncanny trait is caused by several factors, and can actually develop over time. Iris color develops during the first few months after birth, with the levels of the pigment melanin determining how dark eyes will become. The less melanin expressed in the iris, the lighter a person's eyes look, and vice versa
  • s is pretty uncommon, just 11 out of every 1,000 Americans. This uncanny trait is caused by several factors, and can actually develop over tim
  • Sometimes, though, the concentration and distribution of melanin isn't uniform, which leads to a condition known as heterochromia. This condition can present itself in different ways. There's complete heterochromia, when each eye is a distinctly different color, say, one blue and one brown. Central heterochromia is when the eyes show various colors, such as a blue iris with a golden-brown ring around the pupil. And sectoral heterochromia is when one iris has a splash of color that's different from its overall hue, a trait that actress Kate Bosworth has.
  • ...1 more annotation...
  • Sometimes, though, the concentration and distribution of melanin isn't uniform, which leads to a condition known as heterochromia. This condition can present itself in different ways. There's complete heterochromia, when each eye is a distinctly different color, say, one blue and one brown. Central heterochromia is when the eyes show various colors, such as a blue iris with a golden-brown ring around the pupil. And sectoral heterochromia is when one iris has a splash of color that's different from its overall hue, a trait that actress Kate Bosworth has.
jaime5789

BBC Nature - Dinosaurs 'shrank' regularly to become birds - 0 views

shared by jaime5789 on 04 Nov 14 - No Cached
  • Huge meat-eating, land-living dinosaurs evolved into birds by constantly shrinking for over 50 million years, scientists have revealed.
    • jaime5789
       
      Gigantic dinosaurs evolved into the small birds we know today! Scientists think that dinosaurs evolved into birds, now people also think that dinosaurs used to have feathers! Big meat eating dinosaurs such as the Spinosaurus and T-Rex may have evolved into the modern birds we know today! 
    • jaime5789
       
      Gigantic dinosaurs evolved into the small birds that we see today! Scientists think that dinosaurs evolved into birds, now people also think that dinosaurs used to have feathers! Big meat eating dinosaurs such as the Spinosaurus and T-Rex may have evolved into the modern birds we know today! 
    • jaime5789
       
      Gigantic dinosaurs such as the Spinosaurus and T-Rex evolved into the small birds that we see today. Scientists think that dinosaurs evolved into birds, now people also think that dinosaurs used to have feathers! 
    • jaime5789
       
      New Paraphrase: Did you know that dinosaurs, such as the Tyrannosaurus Rex and the fearsome Velociraptor became smaller, and after 50 million years, we now think that... 
  • Previous work has shown that theropod dinosaurs, the dinosaur group which included Tyrannosaurus rex and Velociraptor and gave rise to modern birds, must have decreased in size at some point in their evolution into small, agile flyers.
    • jaime5789
       
      Now, work has shown that two legged dinosaurs including T-Rex and the fearsome Velociraptor gave birth to the birds we see today!
    • jaime5789
       
      The University of Adelaide, wonders a lot about dinosaurs... They found out that dinosaurs such as Spinosaurus and Utahraptor made the birds we know today! 
  • But size changes frequently occurred in dinosaur evolution, so the research team members, led by Mike Lee, from the University of Adelaide, Australia, wanted to find out if the dramatic size reduction associated with the origin of birds was unique. They also wanted to measure the rate of evolution in dinosaurs using a large data set
    • jaime5789
       
      Research indicates that dinosaurs constantly changed, the University of Adelaide wants to find out what makes the gigantic size changes? They found out that the evolution by dinosaur is unique and amazing! 
    • jaime5789
       
      The University of Adelaide also wants to measure the the frequency of dinosaur evolution!
    • jaime5789
       
      The U.O.A (University Of Adelaide) wonders, "how can something so big turn into something so small?" this is due to new eras, and the evolution of dinosaurs & birds!
  • ...9 more annotations...
  • They found that the dinosaur group directly related to birds shrank rapidly from about 200 million years ago.
    • jaime5789
       
      Scientists found out that a dinosaur species related to birds shrank in a short time and probably turned into the birds we know today! 
    • jaime5789
       
      Dinosaur species related to birds, shrank in a short period of time! We know believe that they turned into the birds that we're familiar with today! 
  • Theropods shrunk 12 times from 163kg (25st 9lb) to 0.8kg (1.8lb), before becoming modern birds.
    • jaime5789
       
      Really big dinosaurs started shrinking and their weight decreased slowly..
  • The researchers found theropods were the only dinosaurs to get continuously smaller.
    • jaime5789
       
      Scientists now know that the two-legged dinosaur species were the dinosaurs that frequently got smaller! 
  • From this analysis they produced a detailed family tree mapping out the transformation of theropods to their bird descendants.
    • jaime5789
       
      We now predit that the two-legged dinosaurs transformed into birds!
  • It traces evolving adaptations and changing body size over time and across dinosaur branches.
    • jaime5789
       
      We now think that dinosaurs adapted into transforming into birds little by little! 
  • The researchers concluded that the evolution of the branch of dinosaurs leading to birds was more innovative than other dinosaur lineages.
    • jaime5789
       
      We conclude that, dinosaurs probably changed into birds! 
  • this sustained shrinking and accelerated evolution of smaller and smaller body size allowed the ancestors of birds to develop traits which helped them to cope much better than their less evolved dinosaur relatives.
    • jaime5789
       
      Dinosaurs were getting smaller they developed traits to survive. 
  • The researchers believe that miniaturisation and the development of bird-like traits had a joint influence on the evolution of the dinosaurs into today's birds. Professor Michael Benton, from the University of Bristol's school of earth sciences, said: "This study means we can't see the origin of birds as a sudden or dramatic event, with a dinosaur becoming a powered flyer overnight. "The functions of each special feature of birds changed over time - feathers first for insulation, and later co-opted for flight; early reductions in body size perhaps for other reasons, and later they were small enough for powered flight; improvements in sense of sight and enlargement of brain - even a small improvement in these is advantageous. "So perhaps it's a long-term trend associated with deputation to a new set of habitats, in the trees, to avoid predation, and to exploit new food resources."
    • jaime5789
       
      Researchers now think that the shrinking of the dinosaurs was what developed dinosaurs into todays birds! Professor Michael from the University of Bristol says that we can't study the era of birds, just like that...
    • jaime5789
       
      This is a long process that didn't just happen like that, you sleep, you wake up and you're a bird, no! Its a very difficult process! 
  • "Birds evolved through a unique phase of sustained miniaturisation in dinosaurs," Mr Lee said.
    • jaime5789
       
      Birds evolved due to the dinosaurs becoming smaller!
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