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anonymous

Geek to Live: Take study-worthy lecture notes - 1 views

  • Copying class notes after the fact is a time-consuming way to study for an exam, but it was the only thing that truly worked for me back in college.
    • anonymous
       
      This is the most effective way for me too, just reading over the notes and textbook just isn't enough studying to get me well prepared for a test. 
  •  
    Copying class notes after the fact is a time-consuming way to study for an exam, but it was the only thing that truly worked for me back in college
Emily Vargas

Five Classic Ways to Boost Your Note-Taking - 0 views

  • Divide your page into two columns. The left one
  • You're going to jot larger ideas in this column:
  • In the right column, you're going to take down as much information as possible
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  • Some versions of the Cornell system leave the last few lines on each page for summarizing the whole page
  • cover the detailed notes on the right and just examine the main points and new vocab
  • have pictures and tables—it's not necessarily organized
  • But unless you try it, you'll never know if it works better for you.
  • Color-code with different pens, pencils, and highlighters.
  • Trying some new shorthand is a really geeky way to slightly tweak your engravings and get you amped about taking notes again.
  • It's mostly based around removing unimportant letters and making complex letters easier to write quickly.P
  • you might try translating just some of your most-frequently used words into a shorthand "language" that takes less time to writ
  • Record your lectures
LJ Thompson

Mindfulness Exercises For Everyday Life - 0 views

    • Robert Coady
       
      The thought of brining mindfulness into anything you do is both amusing and insightful. Instead of trying to adhere to a routine of mindfulness, you can find time to be mindful in your daily tasks.
  • and make it an exercise in mindfulness by really focusing on the sound and vibration of each note
  • Mindfulness Exercise #3: Listening to Music Listening to music has many benefits — so many, in fact, that music is being used therapeutically in a new branch of complimentary medicine known as music therapy. That’s part of why listening to music makes a great mindfulness exercise. You can play soothing new-age music, classical music, or another type of slow-tempo music to feel calming effects, and make it an exercise in mindfulness by really focusing on the sound and vibration of each note, the feelings that the music brings up within you, and other sensations that are happening "right now" as you listen. If other thoughts creep into your head, congratulate yourself for noticing, and gently bring your attention back to the current moment and the music you are hearing.
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  • and make it an exercise in mindfulness by really focusing on the sound and vibration of each note
  • nd vibration of each note, the feelings that the music brings up within you, and other sensations that are happening "right now" as you listen. If other thoughts creep into your head, congratulate yourself for noticing, and gently bring your attention back to the current moment and the music you are hearing
    • Anna Delapaz
       
      Repetition of words having to do with what mindfulness can bring you. This emphasizes the usefulness of mindfulness and it's ability to bring clarity and focus into your life
    • LJ Thompson
       
      I really should have used this in my essay. Didn't even think of this.
Emily Vargas

ZEN PENCILS - 123. ERICA GOLDSON: Graduation speech - 0 views

    • Emily Vargas
       
      He is not a worker, but he is a robot.
    • Emily Vargas
       
      He was successful because he did what he was told and worked to the best of his advantage.
Rebecca Lurie

Effective Listening - 0 views

  • Not asking for clarification when you know that you do not understand.
    • Rebecca Lurie
       
      people do this everyday.  Shouldn't be afraid to ask for clarification. 
  • also genuinely interested in understanding what the other person is thinking, feeling, wanting or what the message means,
  • we don’t address the appropriate elements we will not be very effective, and can actually make the situation worse.
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  • When we listen effectively we understand what the person is thinking and/or feeling from the other person’s own perspective.
  • we must be actively involved in the communication process, and not just listening passively.
  • helps identify areas of agreement so the areas of disagreement are put in perspective and are diminished rather than magnified.
    • Rebecca Lurie
       
      important note for being a person who has to work with other people in different companies.  
  • Use eye contact and listening body language. Avoid looking at your watch or at other people or activities around the room. Face and lean toward the speaker and nod your head, as it is appropriate. Be careful about crossing your arms and appearing closed or critical.
  • selects the method or code which he/she believes will effectively deliver the message
Tara Picudella

Mindfulness and music | Memorising Music - 0 views

  • “a moment-to-moment, non-judgmental awareness“
  • We are essentially absent in our own lives, failing to notice the experiences as they occur. Put simply, mindfulness is a way of paying attention.
  • Musicians spend unusually large amounts of time alone practising, in a state of what pianist-composer Rolf Hind calls “solitary absorption”.
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  • Neuroimaging studies indicate that MBSR is associated with increased grey matter in brain regions involved in learning and memory processes, emotional regulation, and self-referential processing
  • People have also reported that mindfulness meditation heightens “their listening experience by increasing their ability to focus on the music without distraction”
  • Constant micro-judgements about how to play each note, or how to shape each phrase, are crucial during practice but destabilise our ability to actually make music during a performance.
  • benefit of mindfulness in music,
  •  
    benefits of practicing mindfulness before practicing or playing in a concert
Emily Vargas

Yoga: Social work as Awareness:Mindfulness | What is a Social Worker? - 1 views

  • the more I am coming to realize that the qualities social workers embody are the same qualities that are required in yoga practice
  • Noting this, yoga appears to originate from the idea that yoga is a state of mind before it is a physical gesture.
  • A state of mind that is calm, mindful, accepting, non-judging and intentional.
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  • Are these not the same qualities to those that social workers and helping professionals exemplify and humanize?
  • We side with clients and teach them to come back to themselves, to regulate, to be mindful, to act with intention, to breath.
  • Social workers help clients to develop coping skills that ground them back into the reality of their perceived threat
  • We do this kindly, without judgment, and we ask them to do the same towards themselves.
  • Be mindful – follow the breath – feel your body and where it is heavy and where it is open. Experience the moments and watch them pass by. If you find a thought that doesn’t serve, just let it go. Watch your thoughts go by. Choose the thought that best serves you and let the other ones go.”
  • This idea brings us one step closer to knowing we can choose which thoughts to act upon
  • . It is the silence between the thoughts that is considered to awareness in yoga,
  • In work with clients it is important to get them to recognize that it is not their behavior but the thought guiding their behavior that needs attention
  • Just as in social work practice, yoga is first a state of mind
  • Social workers empower clients in an effort to help them learn to be mindful and aware so they can fold into themselves and introspect to find insights and create change
  • A state of mind that is calm, mindful, accepting, non-judging and intentional.
Richard Ofosuhene

Mindfulness: A Proposed Operational Definition - Bishop - 2006 - Clinical Psychology: S... - 0 views

  • approaches involve a rigorous program of training in meditation to cultivate the capacity to evoke and apply mindfulness to enhance emotional well-being and mental health. Mindfulness approaches are not considered relaxation or mood management techniques, however, but rather a form of mental training to reduce cognitive vulnerability to reactive modes of mind that might otherwise heighten stress and emotional distress or that may otherwise perpetuate psychopathology.1 The cultivation and practice of mindfulness through this program of mental training is thus thought to mediate observed effects on mood and behavior (Kabat-Zinn, 1990), but these speculations remain untested and thus unsubstantiated.
  •  
    It's a good stuff.
  •  
    It's a good stuff here.
Aadil Khetani

Onondaga Nation - People of the Hills - 1 views

  • strong leaders must change the way business is done. They must find a way to put the common good above profits.
    • Tara Picudella
       
      Is this asking too much of modern society? In the US we have a capitalistic nation, if we care too much of the little people won't that worsen the economy for the rest of society? Or is the good of the society as a whole less important than the good of those who are suffering?
    • Aadil Khetani
       
      Today's society only cares about money but if the country as a whole works together they can make this possible. They can put the common good over money and assets.
  • respect and thanksgiving for nature.
  • Outsourcing the work to the rest of the world and then leaving people here without jobs.
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  • biggest environmental issues
    • Yi Jin
       
      I fail to see outsourcing as an enviornmental hazard as in the long run pollution is pollution be it in china britain or even the united states, just because u change the location doesn't necessarily increase the amount nor does it increase the the lethality of the pollution
  • outsourced your pollution
  • but at the expense of the American public.
    • Nikki Schmeling
       
      it's really difficult to make people see, especially in our american society, why sometimes we should do things that aren't for our direct benefit. we really like this idea of immediate gratification.
  • And I said my job would be to associate them with the reality out there. They're insulated -- heavily insulated -- they don't deal with reality.
  • And they, if you notice, I haven't seen any of their annual reports that put in the cost of the natural resources that they use
  • People are extracting
  • I said, how can you as CEOs of corporations do what you're doing, in terms of extraction, without looking at the consequences?
    • Yi Jin
       
      because they are blinded by profits and greed
  • finite
  • finite
  • running out
  • running out. Finite
  • And that's the problem.
  • He says, well, as you know, if somebody is living in those terms, they're not going to progress. They're just going to be happy just the way they are. There'll be no progress. And he says, as you know, the bottom line of our civilization is greed.
    • Brian Walsh
       
      This shows that we as a society wish to progress at an astonishing pace even if we are happy with what we get. I can relate this to my dad's cell phone. He has no urge to get a new iphone or smartphone because he's very happy with his old slider phone
    • Aadil Khetani
       
      The concept of greed. People want more and more no matter how much or what they have is enough and keeping them happy. They want the next level and the level after that but for what reason? Satisfaction? 
  • selfishness
  • teach them to be selfish, so they can progress
    • Nikki Schmeling
       
      do they really need to progress? this kind of reminds me of that john lennon quote "when I went to school they asked me what i wanted to be. i said "happy", they told i didn't understand the assignment, i told them they didn't understand life"
  • finite
  • The responsibility of leadership is to look that far ahead
  • directly due to the idea of capitalism
  • to give thanks, be thankful for what you have, and to share. And the third one would be respect.
  • hat's was people power did that. Germany didn't want it, East Germany didn't want it, nobody wanted it. People wanted it, and nothing could stop them. Once they get in a move in that direction they become a force. It's very difficult -- it's not a manageable force -- and that's why leadership is so vital and important.
  • leadership and the control factor for human beings, in particular, is moral. If you don't have moral law you don't have any law. If there's no moral law, you don't have any.
    • Nikki Schmeling
       
      so because people tell them to buy it, they feel okay about buying it, even if they shouldn't?
  • there's no mercy
  • There's only law
  • You're going to suffer the consequence, and that's right where we're headed right now. Six-point-six billion people and more coming every minute as we sit here. That's a compound
  • And it takes some understanding to rise to the occasion. You've got to comprehend what's going on.
    • Nikki Schmeling
       
      it's not just going to happen that people will rise to the occasion. first they need to understand why it's so important to do so. like okay with WWII, the U.S. didn't want to get involved at first. the only reason we did was because we got attacked. that made us understand the importance. it's kind of like that for environmental issues. scientists say we should get involved, but until there is personal risk, we won't.
    • Aadil Khetani
       
      This is something that can be seen within everyone once they understand the situation. Game 7 of playoffs, final exam, huge corporate project and many more have got so many people coming through in the "clutch."
  • When the Peacemaker talked to us about the foundation of the confederacy, he said the first principle is peace. And you know the Indian word for peace; it also means health. The same word.
  • It starts with the people; the earth, everything that grows on the earth, bushes, trees, what lives in the trees, what lives on the earth; water, what lives in the water; and food, what grows, where it grows. And the leaders, the animal leaders, who lead the animal. We acknowledge thanksgiving for them.
  • You're supposed to develop them and then share with those that don't have them. That's how everything has equity. So you come back to that.
  • And what can we do about it?
  • Among other things, the Peacemaker instructed them to approach every decision with concern for the seventh generation to follow.
  • their reality is Wall Street
  • strong leaders must change the way business is done. They must find a way to put the common good above profits.
    • Rebecca Lurie
       
      In many ways this is hard for business to do because the business world is so competitive that if one starts to lag behind and could possible go out of business. The business world revolves itself around profits.
  • "Business as usual is over," he said
  • Haudenosaunee, or the Six Nations of the Iroquois Confederacy
  • Well, they have to. Otherwise they're going to get hammered. They're going to get hammered anyway.
  • - if you're going to take those steel mills and put them some other place, they're going to be belching a lot of environmental damage ...
    • Nikki Schmeling
       
      I think that the biggest issue with outsourcing as far as environmental problems go is that we always outsource to the same places. that makes the pollution a lot more concentrated in that one area, making it a lot easier to burn straight through the ozone in that one spot. if we didn't outsource as much, the pollution wouldn't be as concentrated and it would take longer to deplete the ozone layer.
  • it's because of outsourcing
  • . I don't see it changing, because I don't see any relaxation from the executive side -- from the leadership side -- because they're making money
    • Lexy Martin
       
      people are only interested in money and what they as an individual can gain from any situation. People are becoming more and more selfish without one thought of how our, and our future generations will be effected.
    • Gabriel Kerbs
       
      I believe that it is going to take more serious natural disasters - we need to feel pain close to home, serious pain- before any leader begins to make any changes that will benefit the environment, and not just their profits.
    • Aadil Khetani
       
      He blames money for the depression. In a way he's true because people have a priority for money. That's all they think about and that's all they want. 
  • Where is the moral side to the shareholders on this thing?
  • They're not in the reality business; they're in business. I said, if you put them up there and just let them freeze for 24 hours, they would get an inkling of another power, of another authority.
    • Gabriel Kerbs
       
      Once you feel the power of nature, you begin to respect it.  Those trapped indoors all their lives are the ones who really don't give a rat's ass about whats going on outside.
    • Aadil Khetani
       
      Nature is a part of life the opens peoples eyes to the outside world. When I was a kid, all I did was go outside to play and now when I'm inside I feel like I'm missing out when I'm not out there. But, my sister grew up inside mostly and she barely goes out and watches tv instead. If she went outside more it might change her. 
  • If you have grandchildren and great-grandchildren, you're involved
  • Everything in this room came from the earth
  • I don't think they deal with it. I mean, their realit
  • This round world is finite.
  • of oil right now.
  • and what was that line?
  • Growth. You have one finite earth. That's the problem here
  • But I do think human beings -- I have always been amazed by human beings.
  • People have to make less money -- way, way, way less money. People have to share more of what they have.
  • Thanksgiving for the winds that bring the seasons and does the planting, all of that. Then we have thanksgiving for the grandfathers, the thunder and the lightning, that bring the rain --
  • so it's the stockholder.
  • respect and thanksgiving for nature.
  • They're not in the reality business; they're in business.
  • outsourced your pollution
  • influence their thinking
  • you not only outsourced your work and your company,
  • their reality is Wall Street. That's their reality. It is real, but it doesn't deal with the forces of nature.
  • extracting it at tremendous rates with no perception of consequences.
    • Nikki Schmeling
       
      no idea of the consequences. that's because it won't directly harm them. people have to be shown how something is going to personally affect them, or their children maybe, before they see any need for change.
  • stockholder.
  • the ones that really determine what the direction of the corporation is going to go.
  • idea of private property.
  • hat's was people power did that. Germany didn't want it, East Germany didn't want it, nobody wanted it. People wanted it, and nothing could stop them. Once they get in a move in that direction they become a force. It's very difficult -- it's not a manageable force -- and that's why leadership is so vital and important.
  • eadership and the control factor for human beings, in particular, is moral. If you don't have moral law you don't have any law. If there's no moral law, you don't have any.
  • you have to understand about nature and natural law is
  • no mercy to this law.
  • you don't understand that law and you don't abide by that law, you will suffer the consequence.
  • You lead by action.
  • we personify these elements to bring our people closer to them so they have more respect.
  • you guys act as if it wasn't.
  • f I don't show a profit in the company, I'm fired.
    • Nikki Schmeling
       
      everyone has this idea of "i'm not responsible" for everything.
  • I put a moral question into an economic forum
    • Aadil Khetani
       
      This is the "personal" aspect of the problem-solution notes. 
  • don't want moral questions. They don't deal with moral questions.
    • Gabriel Kerbs
       
      Morals never get in the way of profits in big business.  Money rules. Instant gratification, Lack of mindfulness, disrespect.     What we need to do is make big businesses THINK , just as the chief is doing here.  If nothing else, it might make them feel a little guilty about their practices and priorities
  • guaranteed prophecy?
  • you guys are going to meet next year and nothing will have changed. I'll guarantee it. And that was the end of the meeting
    • Yi Jin
       
      I think shows his being extra pessimistic as many companies are actually trying to strive to be green and governments set up laws that help protect and conserve the environment
    • Nikki Schmeling
       
      I think this is kind of true though. lots of little things will have changed, but nothing major that will have any sort of lasting effects. they aren't focused on that, they only focus on the things that make little immediate differences. sure those can accumulate over time, but overall they aren't going to solve the big problem.
  • But not only do they have to ask people to sacrifice, they sacrifice. That's how you lead.
  • I ask this question over and over again to people in business ... Do people have to cut back? Do they have to do with less? And they always say no.
  • I'll tell you what that is: Have your cake and eat it, too
  • houses have to get smaller. They can't get bigger.
  • How can you have peace without health?
  • Unity
  • That's our foundation, peace
  • finally the Creator himself
  • Human beings have different gifts and we say, they're not gifts, they're responsibilities.
  • I'm just telling what people know.
    • Nikki Schmeling
       
      it's not that he's just outrageously smart or anything. these are conclusions that regular people have come to all the time.
  • They never put that in
  • And you know how powerful they are, and they're all over the world, and they're
  • State University College of Environmental Science and Forestry
  • never challenge those thoughts, because you will not prevail. That's instruction. That's along with seven generations and everything else he said.
  • So you know what you're doing
  • Not about happy.
  • Make your decision on behalf of the seventh generation coming so that they may enjoy what you have.
  • What's wrong with that? That's our basic value. Our basic value is to share.
  • they adjust
  • We have probably 10 years to change direction
  • they can rise to an occasion
  • these natural catastrophes are going to force the issues.
    • Gabriel Kerbs
       
      Again, pain is going to be the driving force in change.  
  • There's just no reality to it
  • more energy-conscious and -controlled
  • Everybody can do that.
  • it's one I learned from listening to our people
    • aldi gjoka
       
      something everybody knows but nobody says
    • aldi gjoka
       
      "strong leaders must change the way business is done. They mus tfind a way to put the common good above profits"
    • aldi gjoka
       
      "approach every decision with concern" be cautious of your actions
    • aldi gjoka
       
      never thought of outsourcing as a cause for pollution abroad
    • aldi gjoka
       
      the idea of putting the people in alps was great of getting rid of their "insulation"
    • aldi gjoka
       
      I like the question of "when do you cease to be a CEO and become a grandfather?"
    • aldi gjoka
       
      This is very true about every president talking about progress and growth
    • Anna Delapaz
       
      Word Choice: Depression vs Recession  Recession can be defined as a temporary economic decline. Depression is severe despondency and dejection. The word depression feels more human and more personal. By using this word, Lyons emphasizes how the people are the ones suffering when jobs are outsourced. 
    • Gabriel Kerbs
       
      These days, we look for instant gratification and get-rich-quick schemes.  The over-exploitation of the Earth's resources is an outcome of this. It is hard to make the common citizen understand that, in the long run, taking care to protect the environment will pay off in a much larger way than a paycheck.
  • bout the world's "accelerating" race toward environmental calamity,
    • Gabriel Kerbs
       
      As the world is functioning now, the generations that come after us are going to have a harder time finding the resources necessary for life.  Water is being tainted and poisoned, as is the air.  Resources like oil are being pumped out of the Earth at a rapid rate; having a car in the future is going to be an expensive luxury.
  • t's always about progress today
  • No, you sacrifice.
    • Gabriel Kerbs
       
      Not enough people are willing to sacrifice for the good of the Earth as a whole.  Greed is the fuel for the degrading world, and in order to reverse that, people (especially the greedy) must learn to sacrifice what isnt necessary.   America is the land of the big. Big houses, big cars, big food, etc.  We need to scale down significantly in order to see any changes.
  • seventh-generation philosophy
    • Brett Sherman
       
      The Seventh generation, are they referring to us? Our generation to fix all the damage and save mother earth from "degradation"(The Cry of the Earth)?
  • You know, how often do you hear that the United States uses one quarter of the earth's resources and we're only 7 percent of the population. And we use one quarter.
aldi gjoka

The Power of Concentration - NYTimes.com - 0 views

    • aldi gjoka
       
      important note about how we're more likely to engage the world rather than withdraw from it through meditation
  • As little as five minutes a day of intense Holmes-like inactivity, and a happier outlook is yours for the taking
  • Multitasking
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  • is a persistent myth.
  • The concentration benefits of mindfulness training aren’t just behavioral; they’re physical. In recent years, mindfulness has been shown to improve connectivity inside our brain’s attentional networks, as well as between attentional and medial frontal regions — changes that save us from distraction.
  • the core of mindfulness is the ability to pay attention. That’s exactly what Holmes does when he taps together the tips of his fingers, or exhales a fine cloud of smoke. He is centering his attention on a single element.
kurt stavenhagen

Did that New York magazine climate story freak you out? Good. - Vox - 0 views

  • He simply says that there’s lots of carbon buried in the permafrost and, as the ice melts, the carbon is released as methane, which is 86 times more potent as a greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide (on a short- to mid-term basis). That is true.
    • kurt stavenhagen
       
      Partly correct appraisal here. The carbon is not likely to be released as methane!
  • One set of satellite data was updated, it falls in line with the rest, and warming is happening roughly on the schedule models predicted (which, as Mann notes, is plenty fast enough).
  • So that’s one close call and one error, which together constitute, by my rough calculation, about a fiftieth of the factual claims in WW’s piece. The rest, as far as I know, stands.
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  • But Wallace-Wells’ piece was not about that. It was about what will happen if we keep on as-is.
  • He’s merely describing what could happen if we cease to act, which no one wants ... except one of the two major political parties in the world’s most powerful country, including the man in charge of the executive branch and military
    • kurt stavenhagen
       
      Kairotic here? Given the situation politically, does Wallace-Wells have more latitude to explore the worst case scenario?
    • kurt stavenhagen
       
      Intriguing shift to the social dynamics. 
  • There’s been a sort of general failure of imagination that means we’ve accepted what’s the median-likely outcome as a worst-case scenario. As a result we’ve been a bit handicapped in thinking about how much action needs to be taken.
  • Things stay roughly as they are” is just as improbable as the worst-case scenario he lays out, yet I’d venture to guess it is believed (or more importantly, envisioned) by vastly more people. Part of that is because envisioning the best-case scenario is easy — it looks just like now! — while envisioning the worst-case scenario is very difficult. It’s especially difficult because the worst-case scenario is treated by the very few people who understand it as a kind of forbidden occult knowledge to which ordinary people cannot survive exposure. Nobody can talk about it without getting scolded by the hope police.
  • it’s just weird for journalists and analysts to worry about overly alarming people regarding the biggest, scariest problem humanity has ever faced.
  • When there are important things that people don’t understand, journalists should explain those things. Attempts at dime-store social psychology are unlikely to lead to better journalism.
  • nobody really knows anything. Even if there are accurate statements about how people in general respond to messages in general, they won’t tell you much about how you ought to communicate with the people you want to reach.
    • kurt stavenhagen
       
      Yes! Applied rhetoric: no longer do general bromides apply; context and timing is everthing; if as the saying goes all politics are ultimately local, then all rhetoric is ultimately local.
  • Similarly, the dry, hedged language of science is not the only serious or legitimate way to communicate, though climate scientists often mistake it as such.
  • consciously pitched to reach and inspire some mythical average reader (as encountered in social science studies filtered through popular journalism) tends to be flavorless and dull.
  • engineering
  • a climate system that will now go to war with us for many centuries, perhaps until it destroys us.
  • it is another thing entirely to consider the possibility that we have only provoked it
  • I just try to communicate like I would like to be communicated to, frankly and clearly, as though I’m talking to a friend in a bar.
kurt stavenhagen

Why Facts Don't Change Our Minds | The New Yorker - 1 views

  • toilets, zippers, and cylinder locks. They were then asked to write detailed, step-by-step explanations of how the devices work, and to rate their understanding again. Apparently, the effort revealed to the students their own ignorance, because their self-assessments dropped
  • illusion of explanatory depth,
  • People believe that they know way more than they actually do
  • ...23 more annotations...
  • no sharp boundary between one person’s ideas and knowledge” and “those of other members” of the group
  • favor (or oppose) an immigration ban without knowing what I’m talking about
  • The farther off base they were about the geography, the more likely they were to favor military intervention
  • As a rule, strong feelings about issues do not emerge from deep understanding,”
  • If your position on, say, the Affordable Care Act is baseless and I rely on it, then my opinion is also baseless.
  • much detail as they could, the impacts of implementing each one. Most people at this point ran into trouble
  • pent less time pontificating and more trying to work through the implications of policy proposals, we’d realize how clueless we are and moderate our views.
  • science is as a system that corrects for people’s natural inclinations
  • by researchers who have no motive to confirm them. And this, it could be argued, is why the system has proved so successful.
  • field may be dominated by squabbles, but, in the end, the methodology prevails
  • experience genuine pleasure—a rush of dopamine—when processing information that supports their beliefs. “It feels good to ‘stick to our guns’ even if we are wrong,
  • At this point, something curious happened. The students in the high-score group said that they thought they had, in fact, done quite well—significantly better than the average student—even though, as they’d just been told, they had zero grounds for believing this
  • Once formed,” the researchers observed dryly, “impressions are remarkably perseverant.”
  • Even after the evidence “for their beliefs has been totally refuted, people fail to make appropriate revisions in those beliefs,” the researchers noted
  • that reasonable-seeming people are often totally irrational
  • “confirmation bias,” the tendency people have to embrace information that supports their beliefs and reject information that contradicts them.
  • Those who’d started out pro-capital punishment were now even more in favor of it; those who’d opposed it were even more hostile.
  • Such a mouse, “bent on confirming its belief that there are no cats around,” would soon be dinner.
  • we’re quite adept at spotting the weaknesses. Almost invariably, the positions we’re blind about are our own.
  • ewer than fifteen per cent changed their minds in step two.
  • getting screwed by the other members of our group.
  • There was little advantage in reasoning clearly, while much was to be gained from winning arguments
  • roviding people with accurate information doesn’t seem to help; they simply discount it. Appealing to their emotions may work better, but doing so is obviously antithetical to the goal of promoting sound science. “The challenge that remains,” they write toward the end of their book, “is to figure out how to address the tendencies that lead to false scientific belief.
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