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Thierry Nabeth

Bank of England: half of British jobs at risk from robots (Wired UK) - 0 views

www.wired.co.uk/...will-robots-take-your-job

travail robots emploi

shared by Thierry Nabeth on 13 Nov 15 - No Cached
  • Thierry Nabeth on 13 Nov 15
     
    Robots could replace 15 million British workers in the "third machine age", according to the Bank of England's chief economist. That's almost half of the 30.8 million people currently employed in the UK. The figure comes from a Bank of England study into the potential impact of widespread automation in different industries.
Aurialie Jublin

The Robots Are Coming … to Take Your Job - 0 views

knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/...ts-are-coming-to-take-your-job

robot automatisation

shared by Aurialie Jublin on 04 Mar 16 - No Cached
  • Thierry Nabeth on 04 Mar 16
     
    Martin Ford, author of Rise of the Robots: Technology and the Threat of a Jobless Future, recently appeared on the Knowledge@Wharton show on Wharton Business Radio on SiriusXM channel 111 to talk about how the robot revolution has affected businesses in a host of industries, what it means for jobs in the years ahead, and what other surprises might be on the horizon.
Aurialie Jublin

'My father had one job in his life, I've had six in mine, my kids will have six at the ... - 1 views

www.theguardian.com/...-sharing-economy-juggling-jobs

travail

shared by Aurialie Jublin on 03 Dec 15 - No Cached
  • “My reading of the evidence so far,” he says, “is that there will be less job creating and ever-greater labour saving. If we look at the creation of new occupations by decade, they accounted for 8.2% of new jobs in the 1980s, 4.4% in the 1990s, and 0.5% in 2000s. It is not necessarily true that we will have a jobless future. But I struggle to use my imagination to see which industries will emerge to balance the loss of jobs.”
  • A lot of the change, he suggests, has to do with a transformed idea of freedom. When the older generation thinks of freedom it imagines it as autonomy, self-sufficiency, personal choice. “Freedom is exclusivity.” When the younger generation thinks of freedom, he suggests, it is no longer about exclusivity, it is about inclusivity. “For them the more networks they are in, the more social capital they establish, the more free they feel,” he says. “It is about expanding the network. This is the sharing economy.”
  • Aurialie Jublin on 03 Dec 15
     
    "In the 'gig' or 'sharing' economy, say the experts, we will do lots of different jobs as technology releases us from the nine to five. But it may also bring anxiety, insecurity and low wages "
Aurialie Jublin

15 companies that no longer require employees to have a college degree - 0 views

www.cnbc.com/...-to-have-a-college-degree.html

diplome gafa recrutement compétence

shared by Aurialie Jublin on 23 Aug 18 - No Cached
  • In 2017, IBM's vice president of talent Joanna Daley told CNBC Make It that about 15 percent of her company's U.S. hires don't have a four-year degree. She said that instead of looking exclusively at candidates who went to college, IBM now looks at candidates who have hands-on experience via a coding boot camp or an industry-related vocational class.
  • Aurialie Jublin on 23 Aug 18
     
    "The economy continues to be a friendly place for job seekers today, and not just for the ultra-educated - economists are predicting ever-improving prospects for workers without a degree as well."
Aurialie Jublin

The Day I Drove for Amazon Flex - The Atlantic - 0 views

www.theatlantic.com/...563444

amazon condition de travail qvt

shared by Aurialie Jublin on 29 Jun 18 - No Cached
  • But Flex operates year-round, not just during the holiday season, which suggests there’s another reason for it: It’s cheap. As the larger trucking industry has discovered over the past decade, using independent contractors rather than unionized drivers saves money, because so many expenses are borne by the drivers, rather than the company.
  • The company doesn’t share information about how many drivers it has, but one Seattle economist calculated that 11,262 individuals drove for Flex in California between October 2016 and March 2017, based on information Amazon shared with him to help the company defend a lawsuit about Flex drivers.
  • “A lot of these gig-type services essentially rely on people not doing the math on what it actually costs you,”
  • ...13 more annotations...
  • One Amazon Flex driver in Cleveland, Chris Miller, 63, told me that though he makes $18 an hour, he spends about 40 cents per mile he drives on expenses like gas and car repairs. He bought his car, used, with 40,000 miles on it. It now has 140,000, after driving for Flex for seven months, and Uber and Lyft before that. That means he’s incurred about $40,000 in expenses—things he didn’t think about initially, like changing the oil more frequently and replacing headlights and taillights. He made slightly less than $10 an hour driving for Uber, he told me, once he factored in these expenses; Flex pays a bit better.
  • If the driver gets into a car accident, the driver, not Amazon, is responsible for medical and insurance costs. If a driver gets a speeding ticket, the driver pays. (UPS and FedEx usually pay their trucks’ tickets, but Amazon explicitly says in the contract Flex drivers sign that drivers are responsible for fees and fines­.)
  • Brown likes to work two shifts delivering groceries for Amazon, from 4:30 to 6:30 a.m. and 6:30 to 8:30 a.m., but the morning we talked, no 4:30 shifts were available. He sometimes wakes up at 3 a.m. and does what Flex workers call the “sip and tap,” sitting at home and drinking coffee while refreshing the app, hoping new blocks come up. He does not get paid for the hour he spends tapping. Twice in the last year, he’s been barred from seeing new blocks for seven days because Amazon accused him of using a bot to grab blocks—he says he just taps the app so frequently Amazon assumes he’s cheating.
  • Akunts said that people often get “deactivated,” which means they receive a message telling them they can no longer drive for Flex. Sometimes, the workers don’t know why they’ve been terminated and their contract annulled, he told me. It can take as long as a month to get reinstated.
  • But lots of people risk it and park illegally in meters, he told me—the number of parking citations issued in the first three months of the year for people parking illegally at red and yellow meters grew 29 percent from 2016, according to data provided to me by the city.
  • And then there was the fact that the Flex technology itself was difficult to use. Flex workers are supposed to scan each package before they deliver it, but the app wouldn’t accept my scans. When I called support, unsure of what to do, I received a recorded messaging saying support was experiencing technical difficulties, but would be up again soon. Then I got a message on my phone telling me the current average wait time for support was “less than 114,767 minutes.” I ended up just handing the packages to people in the offices without scanning them, hoping that someone, somewhere, was tracking where they went.
  • Technology was making their jobs better—they worked in offices that provided free food and drinks, and they received good salaries, benefits, and stock options. They could click a button and use Amazon to get whatever they wanted delivered to their offices—I brought 16 packages for 13 people to one office; one was so light I was sure it was a pack of gum, another felt like a bug-spray container.
  • But now, technology was enabling Amazon to hire me to deliver these packages with no benefits or perks. If one of these workers put the wrong address on the package, they would get a refund, while I was scurrying around trying to figure out what they meant when they listed their address as “fifth floor” and there was no fifth floor. How could these two different types of jobs exist in the same economy?
  • Gig-economy jobs like this one are becoming more and more common. The number of “non-employer firms” in the ground-transportation sector—essentially freelancers providing rides through various platforms—grew 69 percent from 2010 to 2014, the most recent year for which there is data available, according to a Brookings analysis of Census Bureau and Moody’s data.
  • “We’re going to take the billion hours Americans spend driving to stores and taking things off shelves, and we’re going to turn it into jobs,” Viscelli said. “The fundamental question is really what the quality of these jobs is going to be.”
  • Liss-Riordan says one of the biggest obstacles in getting workers to take legal action over their classification is that many Flex workers agree, upon signing up to deliver packages, to resolve disputes with Amazon through arbitration. Companies can now use arbitration clauses to prevent workers from joining together to file class-action lawsuits, because of a May Supreme Court ruling.
  • Even weeks after I’d stopped driving for Flex, I kept getting new notifications from Amazon, telling me that increased rates were available, tempting me to log back in and make a few extra bucks, making me feel guilty for not opening the app, even though I have another job.
  • My tech-economy experience was far less lucrative. In total, I drove about 40 miles (not counting the 26 miles I had to drive between the warehouse and my apartment). I was paid $70, but had $20 in expenses, based on the IRS mileage standards. I had narrowly avoided a $110 parking ticket, which felt like a win, but my earnings, added up, were $13.33 an hour. That’s less than San Francisco’s $14 minimum wage.
  • Aurialie Jublin on 29 Jun 18
     
    "Amazon Flex allows drivers to get paid to deliver packages from their own vehicles. But is it a good deal for workers?"
Aurialie Jublin

Cher Elon Musk, oublie les robots-tueurs, voici ce qui devrait vraiment t'inq... - 0 views

maisouvaleweb.fr/ui-devrait-vraiment-tinquieter

robot travail condition de travail

shared by Aurialie Jublin on 31 Aug 17 - No Cached
  • Tu devrais jeter cet œil inquiet (et attentif) au Rapport AI Now (2016). Tu devrais te soucier des thèmes qu’ils mettent en lumière, notamment en ce qui concerne les impacts sur le travail, la santé, l’égalité et l’éthique à l’heure où l’intelligence artificielle s’insinue dans nos vies quotidiennes.
  • Tu devrais réfléchir à la façon dont l’apprentissage machine change nos façons de travailler et le travail tout court. Tu devrais te préoccuper de l’impact de l’intelligence artificielle sur la création et la destruction de nos emplois, te soucier des questions éducatives, de formation à de nouveaux métiers et des allocations et modes de redistribution qui devraient résulter d’une reconfiguration du travail par l’IA. Tu devrais considérer la question de l’automatisation non pas seulement du point de vue de la robotique mais sous l’angle des infrastructures : comment les industries du transport, de la logistique, seront affectées par l’apprentissage machine ? Scoop : elles le sont déjà au prix de nombreux emplois.
  • Tu devrais te préoccuper des articles publiés par ProPublica sur les biais algorithmiques, notamment celui-ci qui explique comment les logiciels de police prédictive accusent de façon inconsidérée les noirs et beaucoup moins les blancs. Tu devrais te soucier de cet autre article de ProPublica qui indique que certains assureurs augmentent les prix pour les personnes de couleur. Les raisons sous-jacentes ne sont pas si claires mais selon ProPublica, des algorithmes prédateurs favorisent les quartiers blancs plus que les autres. La négligence derrière cette masse de données devrait t’inquiéter
  • ...4 more annotations...
  • Tu devrais t’inquiéter de la provenance des données qui entraînent ces algorithmes. Tu devrais t’offusquer de voir ces données récupérées sans consentement explicite, comme l’a montré The Verge dans cet article qui rapporte que des images de personnes transgenres en transition ont été utilisées sans leur consentement dans le cadre d’un projet de recherche portant sur la reconnaissance faciale grâce à l’intelligence artificielle.
  • ProPublica révèle aussi que le système de « scoring » établissant une possibilité forte de « commettre de nouveau un crime » généré par les logiciels de police prédictive était utilisé pour alourdir les peines. Les juges s’en servent comme d’une aide, une « preuve algorithmique » issue d’un nouvel outil au service du système judiciaire. Voici une préoccupation majeure.
  • Que se passe-t-il quand un utilisateur se retrouve coincé dans une série de systèmes sans pouvoir en sortir ? Que se passe-t-il quand un agent conversationnel est bloqué, quand des données sont fausses et qu’il n’y a personne pour proposer à l’utilisateur d’apporter des modifications ou des rectifications ? Les machines font des erreurs, un point c’est tout. La question est donc : comment ces systèmes gèrent-ils leurs propres erreurs ?
  • Elon, tu devrais t’inquiéter des capteurs qui ne reconnaissent pas la peau noire. Tu devrais t’inquiéter des produits insensibles à certaines couleurs, comme par exemple ces distributeurs de savon qui ne réagissent pas aux mains noires. Tu devrais t’inquiéter des caméras qui suggèrent que les asiatiques ont « cligné des yeux » parce que leur système est majoritairement entraîné par des profils de type caucasien.
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