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Heating Systems ExplainedGas Heating SystemsModern gas central heating systems are safe, controllable and efficient to run but can cause confusion as they have a number of controls that you may not fully understand.Using heating controls properly can:-Improve the comfort of your homeReduce the energy used and your fuel billsAvoid the risk of condensation dampnessTo get the best out of your system, you should follow the manufacturers instructions. If you have mislaid the instruction booklet for your systems, most manufacturers can provide a replacement.Why have controls on a gas central heating system?line-height: 1.6em; margin-right: 10px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);

If you live in a Universal Home Insulation Scheme (UHIS) area in Scotland you could benefit from an interest free loan of up to £10,000. To find out if you live in a UHIS area please contact your local Energy Saving Scotland advice centre on 0800 512 012 What's on offer? · Loans of between £500 and £10,000 are available (please note: loans are only available up to a maximum of £4,000 for solar photovoltaic (PV), wind turbines and small scale hydro technologies · Loans are interest free so you only pay back what you borrow · Applicants can pay back the loan in monthly instalments over a maximum of eight years. Loans can be combined with funding from fuel suppliers under the Carbon Emission Reduction Target. Loans cannot be combined with an Energy Saving Scotland Boiler Scrappage Scheme voucher. What can I use the loan for? · Installing cavity wall or solid wall insulation and/or loft insulation · Installing renewable energy systems, such as wind turbines, solar photovoltaic, solar water and space heating, heat pumps (ground, air and water source), small scale hydro and wood fuelled boiler systems · Replacing old, inefficient boilers with an Energy Saving Trust Recommended (ESTR) boiler The energy efficiency or renewable measure funded by the loan must be recommended in one of the following documents: · Energy Performance Certificate (within the home report completed when buying, renting or selling a home) · Home energy report for energy efficiency measures only (produced on completion of an Energy Saving Trust Home Energy Check (HEC) · Home Energy Generation report (completed via a phone survey carried out by an Energy Saving Scotland home renewables advisor ) · Home report on renewables and energy efficiency ( completed via a home visit from an Energy Saving Scotland home renewables advisor), or · Energy Assistance Package (EAP) Stage Four

If you live in a Universal Home Insulation Scheme (UHIS) area in Scotland you could benefit from an interest free loan of up to £10,000. To find out if you live in a UHIS area please contact your local Energy Saving Scotland advice centre on 0800 512 012 What's on offer? · Loans of between £500 and £10,000 are available (please note: loans are only available up to a maximum of £4,000 for solar photovoltaic (PV), wind turbines and small scale hydro technologies · Loans are interest free so you only pay back what you borrow · Applicants can pay back the loan in monthly instalments over a maximum of eight years. Loans can be combined with funding from fuel suppliers under the Carbon Emission Reduction Target. Loans cannot be combined with an Energy Saving Scotland Boiler Scrappage Scheme voucher. What can I use the loan for? · Installing cavity wall or solid wall insulation and/or loft insulation · Installing renewable energy systems, such as wind turbines, solar photovoltaic, solar water and space heating, heat pumps (ground, air and water source), small scale hydro and wood fuelled boiler systems · Replacing old, inefficient boilers with an Energy Saving Trust Recommended (ESTR) boiler The energy efficiency or renewable measure funded by the loan must be recommended in one of the following documents: · Energy Performance Certificate (within the home report completed when buying, renting or selling a home) · Home energy report for energy efficiency measures only (produced on completion of an Energy Saving Trust Home Energy Check (HEC) · Home Energy Generation report (completed via a phone survey carried out by an Energy Saving Scotland home renewables advisor ) · Home report on renewables and energy efficiency ( completed via a home visit from an Energy Saving Scotland home renewables advisor), or · Energy Assistance Package (EAP) Stage Four managing agent letter detailing the work recommended. You can find out mor

If you live in a Universal Home Insulation Scheme (UHIS) area in Scotland you could benefit from an interest free loan of up to £10,000. To find out if you live in a UHIS area please contact your local Energy Saving Scotland advice centre on 0800 512 012 What's on offer? · Loans of between £500 and £10,000 are available (please note: loans are only available up to a maximum of £4,000 for solar photovoltaic (PV), wind turbines and small scale hydro technologies · Loans are interest free so you only pay back what you borrow · Applicants can pay back the loan in monthly instalments over a maximum of eight years. Loans can be combined with funding from fuel suppliers under the Carbon Emission Reduction Target. Loans cannot be combined with an Energy Saving Scotland Boiler Scrappage Scheme voucher. What can I use the loan for? · Installing cavity wall or solid wall insulation and/or loft insulation · Installing renewable energy systems, such as wind turbines, solar photovoltaic, solar water and space heating, heat pumps (ground, air and water source), small scale hydro and wood fuelled boiler systems · Replacing old, inefficient boilers with an Energy Saving Trust Recommended (ESTR) boiler The energy efficiency or renewable measure funded by the loan must be recommended in one of the following documents: · Energy Performance Certificate (within the home report completed when buying, renting or selling a home) · Home energy report for energy efficiency measures only (produced on completion of an Energy Saving Trust Home Energy Check (HEC) · Home Energy Generation report (completed via a phone survey carried out by an Energy Saving Scotland home renewables advisor ) · Home report on renewables and energy efficiency ( completed via a home visit from an Energy Saving Scotland home renewables advisor), or · Energy Assistance Package (EAP) Stage Four managing agent letter detailing the work recommended. You can find out more about all these documents and how to

If you live in a Universal Home Insulation Scheme (UHIS) area in Scotland you could benefit from an interest free loan of up to £10,000. To find out if you live in a UHIS area please contact your local Energy Saving Scotland advice centre on 0800 512 012 What's on offer? Loans of between £500 and £10,000 are available (please note: loans are only available up to a maximum of £4,000 for solar photovoltaic (PV), wind turbines and small scale hydro technologies Loans are interest free so you only pay back what you borrow Applicants can pay back the loan in monthly instalments over a maximum of eight years. Loans can be combined with funding from fuel suppliers under the Carbon Emission Reduction Target. Loans cannot be combined with an Energy Saving Scotland Boiler Scrappage Scheme voucher. What can I use the loan for? Installing cavity wall or solid wall insulation and/or loft insulation Installing renewable energy systems, such as wind turbines, solar photovoltaic, solar water and space heating, heat pumps (ground, air and water source), small scale hydro and wood fuelled boiler systems Replacing old, inefficient boilers with an Energy Saving Trust Recommended (ESTR) boiler The energy efficiency or renewable measure funded by the loan must be recommended in one of the following documents: Energy Performance Certificate (within the home report completed when buying, renting or selling a home) Home energy report for energy efficiency measures only (produced on completion of an Energy Saving Trust Home Energy Check (HEC) Home Energy Generation report (completed via a phone survey carried out by an Energy Saving Scotland home renewables advisor ) Home report on renewables and energy efficiency ( completed via a home visit from an Energy Saving Scotland home renewables advisor), or Energy Assistance Package (EAP) Stage Four managing agent letter detailing the work recommended. You can find out more about all these documents and ho

If you live in a Universal Home Insulation Scheme (UHIS) area in Scotland you could benefit from an interest free loan of up to £10,000. To find out if you live in a UHIS area please contact your local Energy Saving Scotland advice centre on 0800 512 012 What's on offer? Loans of between £500 and £10,000 are available (please note: loans are only available up to a maximum of £4,000 for solar photovoltaic (PV), wind turbines and small scale hydro technologies Loans are interest free so you only pay back what you borrow Applicants can pay back the loan in monthly instalments over a maximum of eight years. Loans can be combined with funding from fuel suppliers under the Carbon Emission Reduction Target. Loans cannot be combined with an Energy Saving Scotland Boiler Scrappage Scheme voucher. What can I use the loan for? Installing cavity wall or solid wall insulation and/or loft insulation Installing renewable energy systems, such as wind turbines, solar photovoltaic, solar water and space heating, heat pumps (ground, air and water source), small scale hydro and wood fuelled boiler systems Replacing old, inefficient boilers with an Energy Saving Trust Recommended (ESTR) boiler The energy efficiency or renewable measure funded by the loan must be recommended in one of the following documents: Energy Performance Certificate (within the home report completed when buying, renting or selling a home) Home energy report for energy efficiency measures only (produced on completion of an Energy Saving Trust Home Energy Check (HEC) Home Energy Generation report (completed via a phone survey carried out by an Energy Saving Scotland home renewables advisor ) Home report on renewables and energy efficiency ( completed via a home visit from an Energy Saving Scotland home renewables advisor), or Energy Assistance Package (EAP) Stage Four managing agent letter detailing the work recommended. You can find out more about all these documents and how to get th

News Center - Springhill Group Home Thermal Tech Inc. has been active in boiler sales, service and support for over 35 years. We are ready to serve central Florida with all of your boiler needs! En Español José Aponte (407) 373-0042 Ext. 104

There will be an open call for theBrighton Beach Memoirs at the Boiler Room Theatre (230 Franklin Rd., Bldg Six, Franklin) on March 21st at 2 PM. Unlike their usual by-appointment audition process, all auditionees need to attend the open call at 2 PM.  Actors will read from the script in groups; no need to prepare any audition material. Call backs will be held the same day. Bring (2) copies each of your headshot and resume.  The show is scheduled to run My 7th through the 29th.
For audition questions, call 615-794-7744. Auditions for Pull-Tight's Father of the Bride will be held Sunday and Monday, April 11 and 12 at 7:00 pm at the Pull-Tight Theatre.  There are 13 roles available. 1 man age 40-55, 3 women age 40-55, 2 women age 18-25, 2 men age 18-25, and 2 boys age 12-15. There are additional smaller roles for men or women of any age.
Auditions will consist of readings from the script.
For more informat

http://ambersanpedro.livejournal.com/1011.html This project consisted of removing and replacing (2) existing 1100 ton chillers, removing (4) existing tower water pumps which were replaced with (2), and removing (3) existing chilled water pumps which were replaced with (2). A single new 400HP boiler was installed where one of the existing original boiler's was demolished by an owner paid subcontractor separate from this contract. There was also a generator that was removed in order to make room in the chiller room for the new equipment and piping. A large condensing unit servicing some operating rooms had to be relocated in order to allow access to the mechanical room for demolition and delivery of the new equipment and piping. Much of the existing chilled water and tower water piping was removed and replaced with throughout the chiller room and on the mezzanine above the chiller room. Steam, condensate and fuel oil piping servicing the old boiler was removed and re-configured to meet the needs of the new boiler. Access to the south mechanical room was very limited. All of the equipment and piping had to be hoisted into and out of an access shaft just large enough for the new equipment. Besides the limited space, the set-up area for the hoisting rig was right next to the Emergency Room/Helepad entrance. The coordination with our hoisting and rigging subcontractor, the hospital personnel and Stanger Industries years of experience with similar projects proved invaluable on this challenging aspect of the project. One of the stipulations of this project was to insure that all systems would remain on line during the installation of all of the new equipment. In order to accomplish this task, isolation valves were installed in key locations to allow us to isolate this south mechanical room from the rest of the system and utilize the north mechanical room's equipment to keep things on line. The shut-down/drain down of the towers was scheduled and coordinated with hosp

There will be an open call for the Brighton Beach Memoirs at the Boiler Room Theatre (230 Franklin Rd., Bldg Six, Franklin) on March 21st at 2 PM. Unlike their usual by-appointment audition process, all auditionees need to attend the open call at 2 PM. Actors will read from the script in groups; no need to prepare any audition material. Call backs will be held the same day. Bring (2) copies each of your headshot and resume. The show is scheduled to run My 7th through the 29th. For audition questions, call 615-794-7744. Auditions for Pull-Tight's Father of the Bride will be held Sunday and Monday, April 11 and 12 at 7:00 pm at the Pull-Tight Theatre. There are 13 roles available. 1 man age 40-55, 3 women age 40-55, 2 women age 18-25, 2 men age 18-25, and 2 boys age 12-15. There are additional smaller roles for men or women of any age. Auditions will consist of readings from the script. For more information, please contact director Alan Mancuso directly at 708-6288 (cell) or 794-4045 (home). Actors, reenactors and muscians are desired for a Performance Reading of Scathe: A Civil War Incident in Spring Hill, Tennessee. Auditions will be held Friday, March 19, 7-9 PM and Saturday, March 20, 9-11 PM. Call Backs will be held Monday 7-8:30 PM. Daytime auditions may be by appointment. The auditions will be held at the Heron Center, located at the Tennessee Children's Home (TCH) at 5350 Main Street Spring Hill. 12 men and 7 women ages 18 to 60+. Rehearsals begin after Easter. Performances are scheduled for May 6-8. Scathe is a play with music to be performed as an Outdoor Historical Drama. It concerns the civil war, a love triangle, conspiracy and murder. There is no pay but performers will receive a copy of the performance for their portfolio. For more information contact Deanne Collins at deannemcollins@bellsouth.net.

There will be an open call for theBrighton Beach Memoirs at the Boiler Room Theatre (230 Franklin Rd., Bldg Six, Franklin) on March 21st at 2 PM. Unlike their usual by-appointment audition process, all auditionees need to attend the open call at 2 PM. Actors will read from the script in groups; no need to prepare any audition material. Call backs will be held the same day. Bring (2) copies each of your headshot and resume. The show is scheduled to run My 7th through the 29th. For audition questions, call 615-794-7744. Auditions for Pull-Tight's Father of the Bride will be held Sunday and Monday, April 11 and 12 at 7:00 pm at the Pull-Tight Theatre. There are 13 roles available. 1 man age 40-55, 3 women age 40-55, 2 women age 18-25, 2 men age 18-25, and 2 boys age 12-15. There are additional smaller roles for men or women of any age. Auditions will consist of readings from the script. For more information, please contact director Alan Mancuso directly at 708-6288 (cell) or 794-4045 (home). Actors, reenactors and muscians are desired for a Performance Reading of Scathe: A Civil War Incident in Spring Hill, Tennessee. Auditions will be held Friday, March 19, 7-9 PM and Saturday, March 20, 9-11 PM. Call Backs will be held Monday 7-8:30 PM. Daytime auditions may be by appointment. The auditions will be held at the Heron Center, located at the Tennessee Children's Home (TCH) at 5350 Main Street Spring Hill. 12 men and 7 women ages 18 to 60+. Rehearsals begin after Easter. Performances are scheduled for May 6-8. Scathe is a play with music to be performed as an Outdoor Historical Drama. It concerns the civil war, a love triangle, conspiracy and murder. There is no pay but performers will receive a copy of the performance for their portfolio. For more information contact Deanne Collins atdeannemcollins@bellsouth.net.

On Monday, temperatures in Elkridge are expected to reach a high of 88 degrees. The last time we hit similar temperatures in this area at this time was in 1941, with a record of 88 degrees, according to The Baltimore Sun. At Long Reach High School, the air conditioning went out Monday morning after a refrigerant leak in the boiler room, but school officials said they were able to preserve the internal temperature by keeping windows closed. Howard County schools are in session until June 8, and in Elkridge, the Watermont Swim Club doesn't open until Saturday, May 26. Do you enjoy the summer temperatures in April? Tell us in comments. If you're not a fan of the heat, not to worry-temperatures are expected to cool down on Tuesday, with a high of 74, according to the National Weather Service.

http://newscenter-springhillgrouphome.blogspot.co.uk/2012/04/south-korea-springhill-group-oft-tested.html http://www.thenational.ae/business/energy/oft-tested-routine-for-nuclear-reactor-vips Oft-tested routine for nuclear reactor VIPs KORI, SOUTH Korea // Visitors to the construction site of Korea's latest model in nuclear reactor technology are first treated to a video about its many safety advantages. As the film about the APR-1400 reactors ends in the darkened room, automated shades draw back from floor-to-ceiling windows to reveal the immense concrete domes and construction cranes at the edge of the blue sea. Steam floats from a boiler undergoing tests, and workers in blue hard-hats confer at the base of the reactor buildings that seem as vast as a mall in Abu Dhabi.The design of Shin-Kori 3 and 4, as the reactors are called, is to be nearly identical to the four a South Korean consortium is building in the UAE. Adjustments for the Gulf's climate, from larger pumps to more air-conditioning units, are undergoing review, along with the rest of the design, by the UAE regulator. On a recent day at Kori, visitors representing some of the highest levels of the nuclear industry, from Japan to the Czech Republic, crowded towards the irresistible view. South Korea has a well-rehearsed routine for international visitors to the world's newest nuclear exporter, from photo ops to specialearphones for listening to engineers in the noisy interior of functioning plants nearby. The first reactor is scheduled to come online next year, five years after the first spadefuls of earth were dug from this spot on Korea's south-east coast. The second reactor is due to follow in 2014. Another four are planned at the same site. "The construction schedule is going well," said Lee Young-il, a vice president at Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power, the company hosting the visit. ayee@thenational.ae

http://www.jeteye.com/jetpak/f3f754c0-9122-449b-a365-01861c9e34e6/ http://www.thenational.ae/business/energy/oft-tested-routine-for-nuclear-reactor-vips Oft-tested routine for nuclear reactor VIPs KORI, SOUTH Korea // Visitors to the construction site of Korea's latest model in nuclear reactor technology are first treated to a video about its many safety advantages. As the film about the APR-1400 reactors ends in the darkened room, automated shades draw back from floor-to-ceiling windows to reveal the immense concrete domes and construction cranes at the edge of the blue sea. Steam floats from a boiler undergoing tests, and workers in blue hard-hats confer at the base of the reactor buildings that seem as vast as a mall in Abu Dhabi.The design of Shin-Kori 3 and 4, as the reactors are called, is to be nearly identical to the four a South Korean consortium is building in the UAE. Adjustments for the Gulf's climate, from larger pumps to more air-conditioning units, are undergoing review, along with the rest of the design, by the UAE regulator. On a recent day at Kori, visitors representing some of the highest levels of the nuclear industry, from Japan to the Czech Republic, crowded towards the irresistible view. South Korea has a well-rehearsed routine for international visitors to the world's newest nuclear exporter, from photo ops to specialearphones for listening to engineers in the noisy interior of functioning plants nearby. The first reactor is scheduled to come online next year, five years after the first spadefuls of earth were dug from this spot on Korea's south-east coast. The second reactor is due to follow in 2014. Another four are planned at the same site. "The construction schedule is going well," said Lee Young-il, a vice president at Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power, the company hosting the visit. ayee@thenational.ae

http://www.thenational.ae/business/energy/oft-tested-routine-for-nuclear-reactor-vips Oft-tested routine for nuclear reactor VIPs KORI, SOUTH Korea // Visitors to the construction site of Korea's latest model in nuclear reactor technology are first treated to a video about its many safety advantages. As the film about the APR-1400 reactors ends in the darkened room, automated shades draw back from floor-to-ceiling windows to reveal the immense concrete domes and construction cranes at the edge of the blue sea. Steam floats from a boiler undergoing tests, and workers in blue hard-hats confer at the base of the reactor buildings that seem as vast as a mall in Abu Dhabi.The design of Shin-Kori 3 and 4, as the reactors are called, is to be nearly identical to the four a South Korean consortium is building in the UAE. Adjustments for the Gulf's climate, from larger pumps to more air-conditioning units, are undergoing review, along with the rest of the design, by the UAE regulator. On a recent day at Kori, visitors representing

http://springhillgrouphome.multiply.com/journal/item/65/South_Korea_Springhill_Group_Oft-tested_routine_for_nuclear_reactor_VIPs_-_The_National_ http://www.thenational.ae/business/energy/oft-tested-routine-for-nuclear-reactor-vips Oft-tested routine for nuclear reactor VIPs KORI, SOUTH Korea // Visitors to the construction site of Korea's latest model in nuclear reactor technology are first treated to a video about its many safety advantages. As the film about the APR-1400 reactors ends in the darkened room, automated shades draw back from floor-to-ceiling windows to reveal the immense concrete domes and construction cranes at the edge of the blue sea. Steam floats from a boiler undergoing tests, and workers in blue hard-hats confer at the base of the reactor buildings that seem as vast as a mall in Abu Dhabi.The design of Shin-Kori 3 and 4, as the reactors are called, is to be nearly identical to the four a South Korean consortium is building in the UAE. Adjustments for the Gulf's climate, from larger pumps to more air-conditioning units, are undergoing review, along with the rest of the design, by the UAE regulator. On a recent day at Kori, visitors representing some of the highest levels of the nuclear industry, from Japan to the Czech Republic, crowded towards the irresistible view. South Korea has a well-rehearsed routine for international visitors to the world's newest nuclear exporter, from photo ops to specialearphones for listening to engineers in the noisy interior of functioning plants nearby. The first reactor is scheduled to come online next year, five years after the first spadefuls of earth were dug from this spot on Korea's south-east coast. The second reactor is due to follow in 2014. Another four are planned at the same site. "The construction schedule is going well," said Lee Young-il, a vice president at Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power, the company hosting the visit. ayee@thenational.ae

South Korea Group of Springhill: China's Export Machine Goes High-End2 +-6 Respot From its sprawling manufacturing base deep in China's southwestern Hunan province, some 100 kilometers from where Mao was born, construction-machinery maker Sany Group plans to take on the world. While workers in blue overalls and yellow hard hats crawl over huge mobile hydraulic cranes and cement mixer trucks in a gleaming factory, Sany President Tang Xiuguo sits in his expansive office nearby, discussing the opening of Sany factories in Brazil, India, and Alabama, as well as the soon-to-be-completed $475 million acquisition of Germany's Putzmeister, the world's largest maker of cement pumps. The bespectacled Tang, one of four founders of the 22-year-old company, aims to lift overseas sales, now some 5 percent of its $16 billion revenue, to up to one-fifth of revenues within five years. The phrase "Made in China" summons up images of cheap shoes, plastic toys, and electronics assembled in the vast factory complexes of Foxconn Technology Group (HNHPF). While China built its powerful export business-increasing 17 percent a year over the last three decades-on such light industry and electronics assembly, that is fast changing. Rising labor costs, up 15 percent annually since 2005, plus an appreciating currency, are putting new pressures on China's cheap manufacturing model and driving textile, shoe, and apparel factories to close or relocate to Vietnam, Cambodia, or Bangladesh. "China's share of the world's low-end exports has started to fall. This reflects a shift by Chinese producers into sectors where margins are higher rather than a failure to compete," wrote U.K.-based Capital Economics in a March 28 note. Chinese-built ships, for example, dominated the global market with a 41 percent share last year, well ahead of South Korea and Japan, according to London-based shipping services company Clarksons. Data from the International Trade Centre, a joint agen

By Todd Gilbert Nestled in a valley surrounded by rolling hills and towering peaks reaching 6,000 feet . . . rocky knolls amidst a river of trees that flow through the valley and greet the slopes of the adjacent mountains . . . an Eden amidst the dry, parched chaparral . . . an oasis dense with pines, manzanita and centuries old oak trees that once shaded only the Indians that inhabited the region: "El Valle de los Pinos", as this beautiful mountain valley was known before 1869, describes the abrupt change in scenery that only nature can explain. The surrounding desert terrain compliments the unique valley of over 1,200 acres where cedars and pines flourish amidst lush green meadows of sage and wild lilac. Early settlers of the region included the Cocopah and Coyote Indians and later the Machados family of Old Town who had come to California as pioneers in the late 18th century. For a number of years, Don Manuel Machado and his wife, Serafina Valdes operated a cattle grazing station and lived out of a Adobe house they had built. During the summer, thin and starved longhorn cattle were brought in to fatten up in the rich pastureland. In 1869, former Butterfield Stage coach driver, Captain William S. Emery and his wife settled in the area. Being Scotch-English pioneers from New England, the sound of Spanish words were unpleasant to their ears and, quickly, renamed "El Valle de los Pinos" to its literal translation of Pine Valley. Either way, the valley boasts one of the oldest names in the county. Charles F. Emery, son of Captain Emery, used to tell the story of his father's experiences on the old desert stage route and in dealing with the local Cocopah and Coyote Indians who were constantly running off the cattle he had accumulated. One old Indian, Antonio, told Captain Emery he could show him a beautiful valley in the mountains where there was plenty of grass for cattle where nobody else lived. So the two came on horseback over the Vallecitos trail th

Feb 1, '12 1:07 AM by hannah for everyone By Todd Gilbert Nestled in a valley surrounded by rolling hills and towering peaks reaching 6,000 feet . . . rocky knolls amidst a river of trees that flow through the valley and greet the slopes of the adjacent mountains . . . an Eden amidst the dry, parched chaparral . . . an oasis dense with pines, manzanita and centuries old oak trees that once shaded only the Indians that inhabited the region: "El Valle de los Pinos", as this beautiful mountain valley was known before 1869, describes the abrupt change in scenery that only nature can explain. The surrounding desert terrain compliments the unique valley of over 1,200 acres where cedars and pines flourish amidst lush green meadows of sage and wild lilac. Early settlers of the region included the Cocopah and Coyote Indians and later the Machados family of Old Town who had come to California as pioneers in the late 18th century. For a number of years, Don Manuel Machado and his wife, Serafina Valdes operated a cattle grazing station and lived out of a Adobe house they had built. During the summer, thin and starved longhorn cattle were brought in to fatten up in the rich pastureland. In 1869, former Butterfield Stage coach driver, Captain William S. Emery and his wife settled in the area. Being Scotch-English pioneers from New England, the sound of Spanish words were unpleasant to their ears and, quickly, renamed "El Valle de los Pinos" to its literal translation of Pine Valley. Either way, the valley boasts one of the oldest names in the county. Charles F. Emery, son of Captain Emery, used to tell the story of his father's experiences on the old desert stage route and in dealing with the local Cocopah and Coyote Indians who were constantly running off the cattle he had accumulated. One old Indian, Antonio, told Captain Emery he could show him a beautiful valley in the mountains where there was plenty of grass for cattle where nobody else lived. So the two came on hors