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Entrepreneurship : How to exploit the bug to learn from it - 0 views

www.streets-success.com/...hip-how-to-exploit-bug-to.html entreprenship ; leadership
shared by laymoun on 03 Jan 16 - No Cached
  • laymoun on 03 Jan 16
     
    If you are wrong in your life then you are not going to become an never, the error is the real friend of every successful , so that he knows to walk steadily,march towards success and glamor. All successful people in life, already caught in the number of errors that have made their careers seem more honest, and therefore more successful.
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The effect of combined estrogen and progester... [Ann Intern Med. 2005] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...15968009 HRT lupus SLE hormone hormones women estrogen progesterone medroxyprogesterone acetate
shared by Nathan Goodyear on 02 Jun 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 02 Jun 13
     
    HRT, particularily estrogen therapy, is shown to increase mild to moderate flares of lupus.
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Androgen deprivation promotes intratumoral synthesis of dihydrotestosterone from androg... - 0 views

www.nature.com/...srep01528.html prostate cancer 3-alpha androstanediol 3-beta androstanediol DHT metabolite metabolites
shared by Nathan Goodyear on 27 Jan 14 - No Cached
  • PSA levels in media were increased by 3α-diol
  • Similarly to 3α-diol, 3β-diol also increased PSA levels in media in a concentration-dependent manner
  • intracellular DHT is synthesized from inactive androgen 3α- and 3β-diol via different pathways in prostate cancer cells
  • ...12 more annotations...
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 15 Jul 15
       
      error in statement: DHT metabolites are not inactive, they just don't activate AR.
  • 3β-diol can be a precursor of DHT in prostate cancer cells.
  • serum 3α-diol G levels reflect the androgen milieu in localized prostate cancer patients receiving ADT
  • A few studies reported that 3β-diol is a potential ligand of estrogen receptor β (ERβ) and has an antiproliferative effect
  • our results revealed that 3β-diol is potentially a precursor of DHT in prostate cancer cells
  • Bauman et al. showed that 3α-diol is inactive at AR, but induces prostate growth
  • Prostate cancer cells promoted synthesis from the DHT metabolite 3α-diol during the long duration of ADT
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 15 Jul 15
       
      the authors highlight the suggestion is that 3alpha-diol's activity is via 3alpha-HSD, but fail to mention that it is known that 3alpha-diol interacts with the ER-alpha in the prostate.
  • verified the synthesis of DHT from 3α- or 3β-diol via different pathways in prostate cancer cells in this study
  • HSD17B6 expression levels in prostate cancer can be useful for the diagnosis of high-risk prostate cancer
  • serum 3α-diol G levels reflect the adrenal androgen milieu in localized prostate cancer patients
  • 3α- and 3β-diol has a much more significant role in intratumoral androgen metabolism during ADT
  • Nathan Goodyear on 27 Jan 14
     
    DHT metabolites play an important role of intra-prostate DHT synthesis in those following ADT.  This is a proposed mechanism for the failure rate and aggressive nature of prostate cancer that fails ADT.   3-alpha androstanediol is converted via 3 alpha HSD back to DHT.  In contrast, 3-beta androstanediol cannot.
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Wheelchair Pediatric - 0 views

www.wheelchairindia.com/...CP-PEDIATRIC-WHEELCHAIR Electric Wheelchair For Increased Independence foot rests and four wheels large wheels at the back strengths and environment propelled by a motor comfortable and functional stretching abdominal muscle
shared by wheelchairindia9 on 14 May 15 - No Cached
  • wheelchairindia9 on 14 May 15
     
    When it comes to wheelchairs, young children have a different set of needs than adults. Aesthetically, devices designed for kids are often sleek and colorful, and functionally, they are typically lightweight and adjustable. As any parent knows, young people don't stay the same size for long and since a wheelchair is a major purchase don't want a simple growth spurt to render it useless. That's why kids wheelchair category offers models that feature seat width and depth adjustability, elevating legrests, and other versatile features. Pediatric walkers differ from adult walkers in several ways. For one, walking aids for children are usually adjustable, taking growth patterns into account; but many models also provide gait training and postural correction. Those caring for kids in their formative years must be concerned about more than just the young person's mobility, they must also consider their development. Cerebral Palsy Wheelchair: Cerebral Palsy Wheelchair Description: The model designed for cerebral palsy child only. Ultra light weight aluminium alloy frame Seat Width 38 cms (15") Net Weight: 18.5 kgs Epoxy powder coated frame Detachable arm rest & foot rest provided Elevated and swinging foot rest Elevated foot rest provided to elevate leg angle Height adjustable and detachable head rest Hydraulic reclining high back for a comfortable posture Hydraulic adjustable seat angle Detachable back and seat pad Extra cushion upholstery provided to under arm, head & calg Foldable Lever and paddle brakes provided Safety belt provided Maintenance free rear solid wheels Cloth look like water proof upholstery Anti wheels for better safety and stability Extra cushion upholstery provided to under arm, head & leg Folding action Lever and paddle brakes provided Safety belt provided Maintenance free rear solid wheels Cerebral Palsy Wheelchair Recline system: Recline system provides kids with the most comfortable resting environme
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Estrogen Metabolism and Risk of Breast Cancer in Postmenopausal Women - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC3283536 estrogen metabolism estrogen metabolism breast cancer breast cancer
shared by Nathan Goodyear on 14 Oct 13 - No Cached
  • The ratio of the 2-hydroxylation pathway to parent estrogens was associated with a statistically significantly decreased risk of breast cancer
  • In this study, this ratio was more strongly associated with the risk of breast cancer compared with the ratio of 2-hydroxylation pathway to 16-hydroxylation pathway or unconjugated estradiol alone
  • 2-hydroxylation pathway catechols have relatively low affinities for estrogen receptors (4) and are rapidly cleared from circulation
  • ...6 more annotations...
  • In this study, the ratio of the 2-hydroxylation pathway to the 16-hydroxylation pathway was associated with a non-statistically significantly decreased risk of breast cancer
  • In this study, the ratio of catechols to methylated catechols in the 4-hydroxylation pathway was associated with statistically significantly increased risk of breast cancer.
  • This result is consistent with the hypothesis that mutagenic quinones derived from 4-hydroxylation pathway catechols contribute to pathogenesis of postmenopausal breast cancer.
  • Catechols in both the 2- and 4-hydroxylation pathways can be oxidized to form quinones; these reactive electrophiles can then react with DNA to form a variety of adducts
  • Methylation of the catechols prevents their conversion to reactive quinones
  • the most common DNA adducts derived from 4-hydroxylation pathway catechols are depurinating and highly mutagenic (7,40), most of those derived from 2-hydroxylation pathway catechols are stable and can be repaired with little error
  • Nathan Goodyear on 14 Oct 13
     
    Lower 2-OH estrone metabolism associated with lower risk of breast cancer, but 4-OH estrone associated with increased risk of breast cancer.
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Cómo Bajar Desde el Nivel de Creatinina 19.1 Hasta 6.3 - 0 views

www.enfermedad-renal.com/...2565.html medicina china
shared by star yu on 04 Oct 15 - No Cached
  • star yu on 04 Oct 15
     
    Cómo bajar desde el nivel de creatinina 19.1 hasta 6.3? Soy un paciente de una enfermedad renal y ahora tengo 32 años,mi creatinina fue 19.1, tres días más tarde una prueba mostró la creatinina 6.3, puede ser posible que han cometido un error en el puño?¿
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A Statistical Error in the Estimation of the Recommended Dietary Allowance for Vitamin D - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC4210929 vitamin D
shared by Nathan Goodyear on 25 Feb 16 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 25 Feb 16
     
    study calls into question the out of date RDA for vitamin D as too low to maintain optimal vitamin D levels.
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Inborn-like errors of metabolism are determinants of breast cancer risk, clinical respo... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC6114970 cancer metabolism breast cancer glutamine glutamate aspartate oncogenes
shared by Nathan Goodyear on 24 Sep 18 - No Cached
  • We now recognize that human cancers evolve in an environment of metabolic stress. Rapidly proliferating tumor cells deprived of adequate oxygen, nutrients, hormones and growth factors up-regulate pathways that address these deficiencies to overcome hypoxia (HIF), vascular insufficiency (VEGF), growth factor deprivation (EGFR, HER2) and the loss of hormonal support (ER, PR, AR) all to enhance survival and proliferation
  • RAS, PI3K, TP53 and MYC
  • The results suggest that breast cancer could be preceded by systemic subclinical disturbances in glucose-insulin homeostasis characterized by mild, likely asymptomatic, IEM-like biochemical changes
  • ...16 more annotations...
  • The process would include variable periods of hyperinsulinemia with the consequent systemic MYC activation of glycolysis, glutaminolysis, structural lipidogenesis and further exacerbation of hypoglycemia, the result of MYC's known role as an inhibitor of liver gluconeogenesis
  • The metabolic changes we describe in breast cancer arise in concert with IEM-like changes in oxidative phosphorylation as detected by increased values of the ratio lactate/pyruvate (Supplementary Table 2A, 2B) characteristic of Ox/Phos deficiency [25]. In our study, 76% (70/92) of the European breast cancer patients had lactate/pyruvate ratios values higher than the normal value of 25.8
  • four-fold higher frequency of cancer (including breast) in patients with energy metabolism disorders
  • growing recognition that cancer cells differ from their normal counterparts in their use of nutrients, synthesis of biomolecules and generation of energy
  • glutamine concentrations in the cancer patients were reduced to nearly 1/8 of the levels observed in the normal population
  • blood concentrations of aspartate (p = 1.7e-67, FDR = 8.3e-67) (Figure ​(Figure1E)1E) and glutamate (p = 6.4e-96, FDR = 6.2e-95) (Figure ​(Figure1F)1F) were nearly 10 fold higher than the normal ranges of 0–5 μM/L and 40 μM/L, respectively
  • glutamine consumption associated with parallel increases in glutamate and aspartate (Figure ​(Figure1A1A red arrows) is considered a hallmark of MYC-driven “glutaminolysis”
  • Gln/Glu ratio inversely correlates with i- late stage metabolic syndrome and with ii- increased chance of death
  • changes in glutamine consumption, reflected by the Gln/Glu ratio could provide a metabolic link between breast cancer initiation and diabetes, reflective of a systemic metabolic reprogramming from glucose to glutamine as the preferred source of precursors for biosynthetic reactions and cellular energy
  • lower Gln/Glu ratios inversely correlated with insulin resistance and the risk of diabetes
  • the metabolic dependencies of cancer characterized by excessive glycolysis, glutaminolysis and malignant lipidogenesis, previously considered a consequence of local tumor DNA aberration [23] could, instead, represent a systemic biochemical aberration that predates and very likely promotes tumorigenesis
  • these metabolic disturbances would be expected to remain extant after therapeutic interventions
  • accumulation of very long chain acylcarnitines such as C14:1-OH (p = 0.0, FDR = 0.0), C16 (p = 0.0, FDR = 0.0), C18 (p = 0.0, FDR = 0.0) and C18:1 (p = 1.73e-322, FDR = 1.16-321) and lipids containing VLCFA (lysoPC a C28:0) (p = 1.14-e95, FDR = 1.65e-95) in the blood of breast and colon cancer patients
  • Among the most powerful metabolic equations for MYC-activation is that which links the widely used MYC-driven desaturation marker ratio of SFA/MUFA to the MYC glutaminolysis-associated ratio of (Asp/Gln)
  • liver dysfunction shares many features with both IEM and cancer suggesting a role for hepatic dysfunction in carcinogenesis
  • cancer “conscripts” the human genome to meet its needs under conditions of systemic metabolic stress
  • Nathan Goodyear on 24 Sep 18
     
    Breast cancer is a metabolic disease.  Now, where have I heard that cancer is a metabolic disease?
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Substantial contribution of extrinsic risk factors to cancer development - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC4836858 cancer lifestyle
shared by Nathan Goodyear on 03 Jan 18 - No Cached
  • Here we provide evidence that intrinsic risk factors contribute only modestly (<10~30%) to cancer development
  • we conclude that cancer risk is heavily influenced by extrinsic factors. These results carry immense consequences for strategizing cancer prevention
  • cancers are proposed to originate from the malignant transformation of normal tissue progenitor and stem cells
  • ...14 more annotations...
  • “Intrinsic processes” include those that result in mutations due to random errors in DNA replication whereas “extrinsic factors” are environmental factors that affect mutagenesis rates (such as UV radiation, ionizing radiation, and carcinogens
  • intrinsic factors do not play a major causal role.
  • intrinsic cancer risk should be determined by the cancer incidence for those cancers with the least risk in the entire group controlling for total stem cell divisions
  • if one or more cancers would feature a much higher cancer incidence, for example, lung cancer among smokers vs. non-smokers, then this most likely reflects additional (and probably extrinsic) risk factors (smoking in this case)
  • Particularly, for breast and prostate cancers, it has long been observed that large international geographical variations exist in their incidences (5-fold for breast cancer, 25-fold for prostate cancer)14, and immigrants moving from countries with lower cancer incidence to countries with higher cancer rates soon acquire the higher risk of their new country
  • Colorectal cancer is another high-incidence cancer that is widely considered to be an environmental disease17, with an estimated 75% or more colorectal cancer risk attributable to diet
  • melanoma, its risk ascribed to sun exposure is around 65–86%
  • non-melanoma basal and squamous skin cancers, ~90% is attributable to UV
  • 75% of esophageal cancer, or head and neck cancer are caused by tobacco and alcohol
  • HPV may cause ~90% cases in cervical cancer23, ~90% cases in anal cancer24, and ~70% in oropharyngeal cancer
  • HBV and HCV may account for ~80% cases of hepatocellular carcinoma
  • H pylori may be responsible for 65–80% of gastric cancer
  • While a few cancers have relatively large proportions of intrinsic mutations (>50%), the majority of cancers have large proportions of extrinsic mutations, for example, ~100% for Myeloma, Lung and Thyroid cancers and ~80–90% for Bladder, Colorectal and Uterine cancers, indicating substantial contributions of carcinogen exposures in the development of most cancers
  • onsistent estimate of contribution of extrinsic factors of >70–90% in most common cancer types. This concordance lends significant credibility to the overall conclusion on the role of extrinsic factors in cancer development
  • Nathan Goodyear on 03 Jan 18
     
    Really great read.  Cancer is a majority lifestyle disease.
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