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Nathan Goodyear

Paradoxical effects of obesity on T cell function during tumor progression and PD-1 checkpoint blockade - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC6324991

cancer immune system immune-oncology obesity

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 09 Jun 19 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 09 Jun 19
     
    Obesity is not the immune systems friend when it comes to cancer. Why does conventional medicine always look at things through the prism of the effects for drugs and not on the patient, carcinogenesis...
Nathan Goodyear

Development of PD-1/PD-L1 Pathway in Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Treatment for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer | Scientific Reports - 0 views

www.nature.com/...srep13110

PD-1 cancer check point inhibitors PD-L1 CLTA-4 immunotherapy

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 20 Apr 18 - No Cached
  • the lack of immunologic control is recognized as a hallmark of cancer currently
  • Programmed death-1 (PD-1) and its ligand PD-L1 play a key role in tumor immune escape and the formation of tumor microenvironment, closely related with tumor generation and development
  • Blockading the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway could reverse the tumor microenvironment and enhance the endogenous antitumor immune responses.
  • ...4 more annotations...
  • environmental factors, living habits, genetic mutations, dysfunction of the immune system and so on
  • special tumor immune microenvironment
  • cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CLTA-4), Programmed death-1 (PD-1) and its ligands PD-L1 (B7H1) and PD-L2 (B7-DC)
  • CTLA-4 regulates T cell activity in the early stage predominantly, and PD-1 mainly limits the activity of T-cell in the tumor microenvironment at later stage of tumor growth
  • Nathan Goodyear on 20 Apr 18
     
    PD-1 to read.
Nathan Goodyear

Role of IL-2 in cancer immunotherapy: OncoImmunology: Vol 5, No 6 - 1 views

www.tandfonline.com/...2162402X.2016.1163462

IL-2 cancer immune system

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 17 Apr 18 - No Cached
  • IL-2 is one of the key cytokines with pleiotropic effects on the immune system
  • IL-2 as “T-cell growth factor”
  • approved for the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (1992) and later for metastatic melanoma (1998) by FDA
  • ...13 more annotations...
  • It is produced predominately by antigen-simulated CD4+ T cells, while it can also be produced by CD8+ cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and activated dendritic cells (DC)
  • IL-2 is an important factor for the maintenance of CD4+ regulatory T cells
  • plays a critical role in the differentiation of CD4+ T cells into a variety of subsets
  • It can promote CD8+ T-cell and NK cell cytotoxicity activity, and modulate T-cell differentiation programs in response to antigen, promoting naive CD4+ T-cell differentiation into T helper-1 (Th1) and T helper-2 (Th2) cells while inhibiting T helper-17 (Th17) differentiation
  • Of note, Tregs, which act to dampen the immune response, constitutively express high levels of α chain
  • IL-2Rα is unique to IL-2 and is expressed by a number of immune cells including T regulatory cells (Treg), activated CD4+ and CD8+T cells, B cells, mature DCs, endothelial cells
  • some investigators evaluated the efficacy of regimens containing low-dose IL-2
  • IL-2 can promote the activation and cell growth of T and NK cells
  • Unfortunately, not all of patients would benefit from targeted therapy and nearly all patients who initially respond to targeted inhibitors inevitably develop acquired resistance to the treatment
  • IL-2 also stimulates T-regulatory cells that constitutively express CTLA-4 and can suppress immune reactions. Hence, IL-2 might enhance antitumor reactivity in the presence of CTLA-4 blockade
  • both HD and low-dose IL-2 therapy preferentially induce the expansion of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg and the Treg level remains elevated after each cycle of HD IL-2 therapy
  • Due to rapid elimination and metabolism via the kidney, IL-2 has a short serum half-life of several minutes
  • HD IL-2-induced severe toxicities including vascular leak syndrome (VLS), pulmonary edema, hypotension, and heart toxicities
  • Nathan Goodyear on 17 Apr 18
     
    Great historical and functional role of IL-2 in the fight against cancer.
Nathan Goodyear

Effects of Transferrin Receptor Blockade on Cancer Cell Proliferation and Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Function and Their Differential Regulation by Ascorbate | Cancer Research - 0 views

cancerres.aacrjournals.org/...2749.long

HIF-1alpha cancer HIF-1 vitamin C Hypoxia-inducible Factor 1 hypoxia

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 01 Apr 21 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 01 Apr 21
     
    "These results indicate that the addition of ascorbate increased the activity of the PHD (propyl hydroxylase) enzymes in down-regulating HIF...."
Nathan Goodyear

Curcumin inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition in oral cancer cells via c-Met blockade - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC7204627

cancer EMT epithelial to mesenchymal transition curcumin

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 08 Mar 21 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 08 Mar 21
     
    Curcumin inhibits EMT.
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