Study found that viral oncolytic therapy improved efficacy of PD-1 check point inhibitors by 62%. Increased CD8 expression, interferon-gamma...Interesting, starting CD8 levels played no role in predicting outcome.
the lack of immunologic control is recognized as a hallmark of cancer currently
Programmed death-1 (PD-1) and its ligand PD-L1 play a key role in tumor immune escape and the formation of tumor microenvironment, closely related with tumor generation and development
Blockading the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway could reverse the tumor microenvironment and enhance the endogenous antitumor immune responses.
environmental factors, living habits, genetic mutations, dysfunction of the immune system and so on
special tumor immune microenvironment
cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CLTA-4), Programmed death-1 (PD-1) and its ligands PD-L1 (B7H1) and PD-L2 (B7-DC)
CTLA-4 regulates T cell activity in the early stage predominantly, and PD-1 mainly limits the activity of T-cell in the tumor microenvironment at later stage of tumor growth