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Nathan Goodyear

11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 an... [Front Horm Res. 2008] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...18230901

11-betaHSD1 fat adipose tissue adipoxytes liver metabolic syndrome insulin resistance dyslipidemia hypertension fatty

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 14 Mar 12 - No Cached
  • Adipose-selective 11beta -HSD1 transgenic mice exhibited elevated intra-adipose and portal, but not systemic corticosterone levels, abdominal obesity, hyperglycaemia, insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia and hypertension
  • transgenic overexpression of 11beta -HSD1 in liver yielded an attenuated metabolic syndrome with mild insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia, hypertension and fatty liver, but not obesity or glucose intolerance
  • Nathan Goodyear on 14 Mar 12
     
    11-betaHSD1 expression and effect is site specific.
Nathan Goodyear

Fructose: A Key Factor in the Development of Metabolic Syndrome and Hypertension - 0 views

www.hindawi.com/...682673

fructose uric acid metabolic syndrome sugar

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 24 Aug 14 - No Cached
  • HFCS consists of fructose and glucose mixed in a variety of concentrations, but most commonly as 55% fructose and 45% glucose
  • In the United States, HFCS and sucrose are the major sources of fructose in the diet, and HFCS is a major ingredient in soft drinks, pastries, desserts, and various processed foods
  • fructose and glucose are metabolized in completely different ways and utilize different GLUT transporters
  • ...9 more annotations...
  • In the liver, fructose bypasses the two highly regulated steps of glycolysis, catalyzed by glucokinase/hexokinase and phosphofructokinase both of which are inhibited by increasing concentrations of their byproducts. Instead, fructose enters the pathway at a level that is not regulated and is metabolized to fructose-1-phosphate primarily by fructokinase or ketohexokinase
  • Fructokinase has no negative feedback system, and ATP is used for the phosphorylation process. As a result, continued fructose metabolism results in intracellular phosphate depletion, activation of AMP deaminase, and uric acid generation which is harmful at the cellular level
  • Uric acid, a byproduct of fructose degradation,
  • Uric acid inhibits endothelial NO both in vivo and in vitro, [15] and directly induces adipocyte dysfunction
  • Serum uric acid increases rapidly after ingestion of fructose, resulting in increases as high as 2 mg/dL within 1 hour
  • Uncontrolled fructose metabolism leads to postprandial hypertriglyceridemia, which increases visceral adipose deposition. Visceral adiposity contributes to hepatic triglyceride accumulation, protein kinase C activation, and hepatic insulin resistance by increasing the portal delivery of free fatty acids to the liver
  • Several reviews have concluded that intake of both fructose and HFCS by children and adults was associated with an increased risk of obesity and metabolic syndrome
  • Sucrose is a disaccharide that is comprised of fructose and glucose
  • Figure 2
  • Nathan Goodyear on 24 Aug 14
     
    great read and review of the role of fructose in metabolic syndrome.
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