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One concern repeatedly raised by critics who don't want the FDA to give the transgenic fish the green light: What would happen if these fish got out of the land-based facilities where they're grown and escaped into the wild? Would genetically modified salmon push out their wild counterparts or permanently alter habitat? In a review paper published this month in the journal BioScience, scientists tackle that very question. Robert H. Devlin, a scientist at Fisheries and Oceans Canada, led a team that reviewed more than 80 studies analyzing growth, behavior and other trait differences between genetically modified and unaltered fish. The scientists used this to predict what might happen if fish with modified traits were unleashed in nature.

And as the El Nino weather system has been storming across the Pacific this season, it has stirred up ocean waters enough to cool down the original Blob off of Alaska, but at the same time helped give birth to what has been nicknamed the "Son of Blob" off the coast of Southern California. The still-warmer Alaskan waters, and Son of Blob sector are expected to continue to magnify the El Nino effect for months to come, according to Weather Underground's "Blob Watch" blog.

But then on Dec. 22, 1938, Marjorie Courtenay-Latimer came across a strange blue fin poking out of a pile of fish that struck her as extraordinary. With its fleshy, lobed fins and its tough armored scales, the specimen looked very unlike fish we see in our oceans today. That is because the coelacanth has managed to survive in roughly its current form for hundreds of millions of years. In the course of researching this film, we learned all kinds of amazing facts about the coelacanth. For instance, unlike most fish, they give birth to live young. They produce eggs the size of grapefruits, which then hatch internally. From video footage taken by the explorer Hans Fricke - which we used as inspiration for our sets and puppets - we know coelacanths are prone to some odd behavior. They've been spotted doing headstands underwater.

In the broadest review on this topic that has been carried out to date, we found that, so far, 386 marine fish species are known to have ingested plastic debris, including 210 species that are commercially important. But findings of fish consuming plastic are on the rise. We speculate that this could be happening both because detection methods for microplastics are improving and because ocean plastic pollution continues to increase.

We're taking a systems approach to learning about the Earth using real scientific data. Our goal is to design easy-to-use curriculum activities and simple, intuitive computer interfaces for accessing online data. It's all part of a NOAA-supported effort called the NODE Project.

Links to teacher's guide for October articles Eating with your eyes: The Chemistry of Food Colorings Tooth Decay: A Delicate Balance Probiotics: Good bactria good health Dirt? Who needs it? How hydroponics is poised to change the world Light in the cellar of the sea

Digital resources using sea urchins to engage across topics