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The purpose of this Request for Application (RFA) is to support the Center of Biologics Evaluation and Research in identifying pathogen inactivation technology that could be applied to whole blood at the point of collection or just after, followed by separation of that blood into components (red blood cells, platelets, and plasma), potentially reducing or eliminating donor deferral and/or testing requirements. This project involving a moderately-sized pilot program would assess the feasibility of the widespread introduction of pathogen inactivation of whole blood that is collected. The request would cover completion of necessary preparatory basic laboratory-based research work, purchase of the necessary equipment, and contracting for the blood banking services required for the demonstration of the feasibility of this approach.

The purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to support high risk/high reward research on the blood/vascular component and regulation of the neurovascular-blood unit (a.k.a., Blood-Brain Barrier; BBB) in normal and pathological states to create enhanced/modified platforms that more closely model the human BBB. Research addressing vascular, hemostatic, hematopoietic, and/or immune cell interaction across the Blood-Brain Interface is of particular interest. This initiative will serve to stimulate the development of a new field of science and re-define the neurovascular unit to also include the blood/vascular component to develop the next generation of pre-clinical human cellular model systems of the human BBB to complement research currently based on animal models.

The purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to support high risk/high reward research on the blood/vascular component and regulation of the neurovascular-blood unit (a.k.a., Blood-Brain Barrier; BBB) in normal and pathological states to create enhanced/modified platforms that more closely model the human BBB. Research addressing vascular, hemostatic, hematopoietic, and/or immune cell interaction across the Blood-Brain Interface is of particular interest. This initiative will serve to stimulate the development of a new field of science and re-define the neurovascular unit to also include the blood/vascular component to develop the next generation of pre-clinical human cellular model systems of the human BBB to complement research currently based on animal models.

The purpose of the NHLBI Career Pathway to Independence in Blood Science Award for Physician Scientists (K99) is to increase and maintain a strong cohort of new and talented, NHLBI supported, independent investigators in blood science. This program is designed to facilitate a timely transition of outstanding blood science researchers with a clinical doctorate degree from mentored research positions to independent, tenure-track or equivalent faculty positions. This K99 award is intended for individuals who require at least three and up to five years of mentored research training and career development before transition to the R00 award. At the conclusion of the K99, awardees are expected to continue research activity with support from a separate NHLBI-funded FOA, the Physician Scientist Transition to Independence in Blood Science Research (R00 - Clinical Trial Optional), described in NOT-HL-18-657, which will require updated plans and a limited competition review. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is designed specifically for applicants proposing to serve as the lead investigator of an independent clinical trial, a clinical trial feasibility study, or a separate ancillary clinical trial, as part of their research and career development. Applicants not planning an independent clinical trial, or proposing to gain research experience in a clinical trial led by another investigator, must apply to the companion FOA (RFA-HL-20-001).

The purpose of the NHLBI Career Pathway to Independence in Blood Science Award for Physician Scientists (K99) is to increase and maintain a strong cohort of new and talented, NHLBI supported, independent investigators in blood science. This program is designed to facilitate a timely transition of outstanding blood science researchers with a clinical doctorate degree from mentored research positions to independent, tenure-track or equivalent faculty positions. This K99 award is intended for individuals who require at least three and up to five years of mentored research training and career development before transition to the R00 phase. At the conclusion of this K99, awardees are expected to continue research activity with support from a separate NHLBI-funded FOA, the Physician Scientist Transition to Independence in Blood Science Research (R00 - Clinical Trial Optional), described in NOT-HL-18-657, which will require updated research plans and a limited competition review.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) encourages research grant applications from investigators who propose to study research topics in blood banking and transfusion medicine aimed at improving the safety and availability of the blood supply and the practice of transfusion medicine. Research focused on improving blood donor health, the safety and availability of blood products, and improving the practice of transfusion medicine is critical to public health. Research designed to better understand the determinants of transfusion-associated adverse events and how best to minimize transfusion risks is also important. Research is also needed to maintain an adequate blood supply by minimizing the risks associated with the donation process and developing enhanced recruitment and retention programs.

Stem cell technology holds the promise of providing a nearly limitless source of safe, immune-matched cells for clinical use. One of the first areas where this promise can be realized is through cell products that lack a nucleus and thus face fewer regulatory hurdles, such as red blood cells and platelets. Considerable progress has been made but scientific questions remain and improved tools to enhance the production are required if translation to clinical use is to be achieved. To this end, this FOA will support research addressing remaining scientific questions to enable and accelerate the use of stem cell-derived blood products as therapeutics. While production of sufficient numbers of cells such as platelets and red cells has been demonstrated using cellular engineering methods, basic research questions related to cell differentiation and maturation remain, which if elucidated, may allow for the development of new ways to efficiently produce clinically-useful stem cell-derived platelets or red blood cells. In addition to this FOA, two companion FOAs (RFA-HL-15-029 and RFA-HL-15-030) will support small business research to develop improved techniques and tools to enhance the production of clinically-relevant, functional stem cell-derived red blood cells or platelets in a more efficient and cost-effective manner.

The purpose of the NHLBI Career Pathway to Independence in Blood Science Award for Physician Scientists (K99) is to increase and maintain a stong cohort of new and talented, NHLBI supported, independent investigators in blood science. This program is designed to facilitate a timely transition of outstanding blood science researchers with a clinical doctorate degree from mentored research positions to independent, tenure-track or equivalent faculty positions. Applicants who receive this award may submit an application for R00 funding, in the separate funding opportunity associated with this program, to help awardees to launch competitive, independent research careers in blood science. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is designed specifically for applicants proposing to serve as the lead investigator of an independent clinical trial, a clinical trial feasibility study, or a separate ancillary clinical trial , as part of their research and career development. Applicants not planning an independent clinical trial, or proposing to gain research experience in a clinical trial led by another investigator, must apply to companion FOA (RFA-HL-20-001).

The purpose of the NHLBI Career Pathway to Independence in Blood Science Award for Physician Scientists (K99) is to increase and maintain a strong cohort of new and talented, NHLBI supported, independent investigators in blood science. This program is designed to facilitate a timely transition of outstanding blood science researchers with a clinical doctorate degree from mentored research positions to independent, tenure-track or equivalent faculty positions. Applicants who receive this award may submit an application for R00 funding, in the separate funding opportunity associated with this program, to help awardees launch competitive, independent research careers in blood science.

The NIH Blueprint for Neuroscience Research is a collaborative framework through which 14 NIH Institutes, Centers and Offices jointly support neuroscience-related research, with the aim of accelerating discoveries and reducing the burden of nervous system disorders. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) will solicit research projects focused on the development of new technology and tools, or novel mechanistic studies, or a combination of mechanistic and technology development studies specific to central nervous system (CNS, which includes retina) small blood and lymphatic vessels in health and disease, across the life span. The program aims at facilitating the development of tools and technology to image, profile and map CNS small blood and lymphatic vessels. Additional goals are to elucidate the mechanisms underlying CNS small blood and lymphatic vessels structural and functional heterogeneity, differential susceptibility to injury, role in disease and repair processes, and their responses to therapies. Preclinical studies using in vitro and/or animal models specific to CNS small blood and lymphatic vessels alone or in combination with pilot human studies are appropriate for this FOA.

This funding opportunity announcement will supportprojectsto enhance the availability and delivery of safe blood to be used for transfusion in patients from low or lower-middle income countries (LLMICs) in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). For example, ensuring that children with malaria or sickle cell disease and pregnant women who suffer from obstetric hemorrhage have access to safe transfusion therapies is of high programmatic interest. BLOODSAFE will support projects that develop and test feasible, effective and sustainable strategies to increase the number of safe blood donors, to improve quality and safety of blood supplies, and to enhance blood delivery to patients in need, especially in remote settings.

PEPFAR South Sudan works in collaboration with the Government of South Sudan (GOSS) Ministry of Health (MOH) in implementing the HIV/AIDS National Strategic Plan (NSP) based on a priority action approach and strong collaboration and coordination among different stakeholders. PEPFAR South Sudan has prioritized supporting the MOH in strengthening their national laboratory system with the primary objective of supporting the diagnosis, treatment, prevention and surveillance of HIV through high-quality laboratory services. This funding opportunity announcement (FOA) solicits technical assistance (TA) to strengthen the GOSS MOH laboratory and blood transfusion services systems. Outcomes will include the overall strengthening of the National Reference Lab, implementing and achieving accreditation for quality assurance systems; strengthening service delivery through increased technical assistance to lab testing programs, and training and accreditation for the national blood safety programs. The ultimate outcome is a national integrated quality-assured network of tiered laboratories providing quality clinical laboratory services with the capacity to support the diagnosis, treatment, prevention and surveillance of HIV and other diseases and support the establishment of the National Public Health Laboratory (NPHL) and the National Blood Transfusion Services (NBTS).

The purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to support short-term exploratory, developmental, and transdisciplinary research to understand the immunologic events that occur during blood feeding by hematophagous arthropods. The scientific objectives of this initiative are (1) to understand the immunological events in the vertebrate host, which occur during and after blood feeding by hematophagous arthropods, at the bite site (skin) and systemically; (2) to identify and characterize the immune modulatory properties of arthropod salivary components; and (3) to understand the immunological events in the hematophagous arthropods following a blood meal.

This NOFO aims to improve access to, coordination of, and continuity of health care for individuals with thalassemia or sickle cell disease which will lead to a decreased occurrence of transfusion-related complications, improved quality and increased length of life. These health care improvements will result from a multi-faceted approach that includes (1) identification of patients, families, communities, and providers who will benefit from increased knowledge about therapeutic transfusions and their potential complications, (2) development and dissemination of materials that will increase understanding of the diagnosis and management of these blood disorders, and (3) collection of biological specimens from individuals with thalassemia or sickle cell disease. This NOFO builds upon findings from the work completed as part of CDC-RFA-DD14-1406. In particular, (1) the difficulty in identifying any thalassemia patient in the U.S. and their health care provider prior to medical complications manifesting, other than those born in states where the condition is a part of the mandatory newborn screening panel, (2) the lack of standardized practices across, and sometimes within, clinical care settings and blood banks for transfusions of patients with thalassemia or sickle cell disease, (3) the need for dissemination of evidence- or consensus-based guidelines about best practices for transfusions, and (4) the room for improvement in increasing blood donation from communities most affected by thalassemia or sickle cell disease.

The purpose of this funding opportunity announcement is to encourage Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) applications from eligible small business concerns proposing to design and produce a non-invasive, discreet, wearable device to monitor blood alcohol levels in real time. Methods that quantify alcohol in blood or interstitial fluid as opposed to detection of alcohol that has exuded through the skin are of particular interest.

The purpose of this funding opportunity announcement is to encourage Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) applications from eligible small business concerns proposing to design and produce a non-invasive, discreet, wearable device to monitor blood alcohol levels in real time. Methods that quantify alcohol in blood or interstitial fluid as opposed to detection of alcohol that has exuded through the skin are of particular interest.

This FOA will support research on the development of biomarkers for the complications of type 1 diabetes that will use minimally or non-invasive measures of blood vessels and nerves in the eye.  A critical obstacle for preventing and treating diabetes complications is the paucity of both biomarkers that can detect changes in blood vessels and nerves before clinical signs develop and surrogate end-points that can measure early responses to an intervention.  Given the accessibility of the blood vessels and nerves in the eye for visualization, this FOA invites applications for research using the eye to visualize the development of diabetes complications in the eye and other tissues, such as the kidney, brain, heart and peripheral nerves.      

This FOA will support research on the development of biomarkers for the complications of type 1 diabetes that will use minimally or non-invasive measures of blood vessels and nerves in the eye. A critical obstacle for preventing and treating diabetes complications is the paucity of both biomarkers that can detect changes in blood vessels and nerves before clinical signs develop and surrogate end-points that can measure early responses to an intervention. Given the accessibility of the blood vessels and nerves in the eye for visualization, this FOA invites applications for research using the eye to visualize the development of diabetes complications in the eye and other tissues, such as the kidney, brain, heart and peripheral nerves.

The purpose of this funding opportunity announcement (FOA) is to support research to elucidate the chemical features of non-native molecules that cross the blood-testis and/or blood-epidydimal barriers.

The NIH Blueprint for Neuroscience Research is a collaborative framework through which 14 NIH Institutes, Centers and Offices jointly support neuroscience-related research, with the aim of accelerating discoveries and reducing the burden of nervous system disorders. This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) will solicit research projects to facilitate the development and translation of tools and technology for non-invasive imaging and profiling of human central nervous system (CNS, including retina) small blood and lymphatic vessels; to investigate their role in CNS physiology, disease, repair processes, and responses to therapy using novel approaches. Applications can be focused on the development of new technology and tools, novel target or biomarker identification and validation studies, or a combination of mechanistic and technology development studies specific to human CNS small blood and lymphatic vessels in health and disease, across the life span.

NBF will award grants for investigator-initiated original research focused on any aspect of blood banking, transfusion medicine, cellular therapies, or patient blood management. Grants will support one- or two-year research projects with a maximum award of $75,000.